Shanti Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मान्न वर्धयेदन्यं न चात्मानं विहिंसयेत्

English

"Bhrigu said, 'Truth is Brahma; Truth is Penance; it is Truth that creates all creatures. It is by Truth that the whole universe is upheld; and it is with the aid of Truth that one goes to heaven. Untruth is only another form of Darkness. It is Darkness that leads downwards. Those who are afflicted by Darkness and covered by it fail to behold the lighted regions of heaven. It has been said that Heaven is Light and that Hell is Darkness. The creatures that dwell in the universe may obtain both heaven and hell. In this world also, truth and untruth lead to opposite courses of conduct and opposite indications, such as Righteousness and Unrighteousness, light and darkness, pleasure and pain. Amongst these, that which is Truth is Righteousness; that which is Righteousness is Light; and that which is Light is Happiness. Similarly, that which is Untruth is Unrighteousness; that which is Unrighteousness is Darkness; and that which is Darkness is Sorrow or Misery. In this respect it is said that they that are possessed of wisdom, beholding that the world of lire is overwhelmed with sorrow, both bodily and mental, and with happiness that is sure to end in misery, never suffer themselves to be stupefied. He that is Wise will strive to rescue himself from sorrow. The happiness of living

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मे रतास्तै: सह सम्भजन्ते उन्हींके साथ देवता स्नेह-सम्बन्ध स्थापित करते हैं

English

[Yajnavalkya said:] "There is no knowledge equal to Sankhya, no strength equal to yoga; both follow a single course, and both are held to be endless.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वदन्ति कारण श्रेष्ठ स्वपक्षोद्धावनाय वै

English

Men of small mind delight in seeing them separately; but we, king, see one alone, by settled conviction.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वदन्ति कारणै: श्रैष्क्यं योगा: सम्पड्मनीषिण: (अतः मोक्षदाता ईश्वरकी सत्ता अवश्य स्वीकार करनी चाहिए)

English

What the yogas see is seen by the Sankhyas too; he who sees Sankhya and yoga as one knows the truth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विज्ञायेह गतीः सर्वा विरक्तो विषयेषु यः:

English

Know the yogas, scourge of foes, as others with Rudra chief; with this very body they roam the ten directions.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एठदाहुर्महाप्राज्ञा: सांख्ये वै मोक्षदर्शनम् शिष्टानां हि मत ग्राहां त्वद्विधै: शिष्टसम्मतै:

English

As long as the dissolution, dear, moving through the worlds by yoga with subtle eightfold quality, giving up happiness, sinless one,

हिन्दी अर्थ

तात्विक जान पड़ते हैं

English

and in the Vedas, the wise call yoga eightfold; they call it subtle and eightfold, not otherwise, best of kings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनुषछिते यथाशास्त्र नयेतां परमां गतिम् व्रतानां धारणं तुल्य॑ दर्शनं॑ न समं तयो:

English

The duty of yoga is twofold, they say, the best of yogas: with quality and without, according to the illustration of the shastra.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न तुल्य॑ दर्शनं कस्मात् तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह

English

Holding of the mind and control of breath, lord of the earth: control of breath is with quality, and holding the mind is without quality.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बढ़ावा न दे तथा उसपर आशक्षेप करके उसके द्वारा अपनी हिंसा न कराये सुखं हावमत: शेते योवमन्ता स नश्यति

English

creatures is unstable both here and hereafter, l The happiness of creatures that are overwhelmed by Darkness disappears like the splendour of the Moon when afflicted by Rahu. 2 Happiness is said to be of two kinds, viz., bodily and mental. Both in this and the other world, the visible and the invisible fruits (of action) are specified (in the Vedas) for the sake of happiness. 3 There is nothing more important than happiness and among the fruits or consequences of the triple aggregate. Happiness is desirable. It is an attribute of the Soul. Both Virtue and Profit are sought for its sake. Virtue is its root. This, indeed, is its origin. All acts have for their end the attainment of happiness.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

मोघ: श्रमो भवति हि क्रोधनस्य

English

"Bharadwaja said, 'You have said that happiness is the highest object, I do not comprehend this. This attribute of the soul that (you say) is so desirable is not sought by the Rishis who are regarded to be engaged in something promising a higher reward. It is heard that the Creator of the three worlds, viz., the puissant Brahman, lives alone, observant of the vow of Brahmachary a. He never devotes himself to the happiness obtainable from the gratification of desire. Also, the divine Master of the universe, the lord of Uma, reduced Kama (the deity of desire) to extinction. For this reason, we say that happiness is not acceptable to high-souled people. Nor does it appear to be a high attribute of the Soul. I cannot put faith in what thy divine self has said, viz., that there is nothing higher than happiness. That there are two kinds of consequences in respect of our acts, viz., the springing of happiness from good acts and of sorrow from sinful, acts, is only a saying that is current in the world.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

परिश्रम व्यर्थ जाता है हैं, वही धर्मज्ञ है

English

"Bhrigu said, 'On this it is said as follows: from Untruth springs Darkness. They that are overwhelmed

हिन्दी अर्थ

मेकान्तशील्यूर्ध्वगतिर्भवेत् सः

English

Having thrown off the faults of the five senses fivefold: sound, touch, form, taste and likewise smell,

हिन्दी अर्थ

वह ऊर्ध्वगतिको प्राप्त होता है न पावनतमं किंचित् सत्यादध्यगमं क्वचित्

English

and withdrawn insight and release, Maithila, having placed the whole host of senses in the mind,

हिन्दी अर्थ

वस्तु कहीं किसीको नहीं समझा है

English

and likewise the mind in ego, lord of men, ego in intellect, and intellect in nature,

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्य॑ स्वर्गस्यथ सोपानं पारावारस्य नौरिव पार होनेका साधन है, उसी प्रकार सत्य ही स्वर्गलोकमें पहुँचनेकी सीढ़ी है

English

having thus enumerated, he should then meditate on the alone, the dustless, stainless, constant, endless, pure, unwounded,

हिन्दी अर्थ

यादृगिच्छेच्च भवितुं तादूगू भवति पूरुष:

English

the Person standing as goodness, unsplittable, ageless and deathless, eternal and imperishable, the lord, Brahman imperishable.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसपर उन्हींका रंग चढ़ जाता है तेनैव देवा: प्रीयन्ते सतां मार्गस्थितेन वै

English

Learn the marks of one who is joined, great king: the mark of serenity is that he sleeps happily as one satisfied.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दूराद् देवा: सम्परिवर्जयन्ति

English

As a lamp in a windless place burns, full of oil, with its flame motionless and upright, so the wise call one joined.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रियं वदेद् व्याह्ृतं तच्चतुर्थम्

English

As a rock struck by drops from clouds cannot be moved, such is the mark of the joined.

हिन्दी अर्थ

केन त्यजति मित्राणि केन स्वर्ग न गच्छति किस दोषसे वह स्वर्गमें नहीं जाने पाता?

English

With sounds of conches and drums, with varied songs and instruments being played, he does not tremble: this is the illustration of the joined.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोभात् त्यजति मित्राणि संगात् स्वर्ग न गच्छति

English

As a man, taking a full vessel of oil in both hands, climbs a ladder, afraid and threatened by men with hands,

हिन्दी अर्थ

कः स्विदेषां कलहं नान्ववैति प्राज्ञ एषां कलहं नान्ववैति

English

self-restrained from fear of them, does not let a drop fall from the vessel, so also the one ascending, with one-pointed mind,

हिन्दी अर्थ

असाधुत्वं च कि तेषां किमेषां मानुषं मतम्

English

from steadiness of the senses and from motionlessness: learn the marks of the sage so joined.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उनके भीतर असाधुता और मनुष्यता क्या मानी गयी है? असाधुता है और मृत्युको प्राप्त होना ही उनकी मनुष्यता बतायी गयी है

English

That joined one sees Brahman, the supreme imperishable, standing in the midst of great darkness, like fire.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वर्णन किया। यह शरीर ही कर्मोकी योनि है और सद्भावको ही सत्य कहते हैं

English

By this he goes to aloneness, leaving the body without a witness, after a great time, king: this is the eternal scripture.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तव धर्मज्ञ सर्व हि विदितं कुरुसत्तम बतानेकी कृपा करें; क्योंकि आपको सब बातोंका ज्ञान है

English

This is the yoga of the yogas; what other mark of yoga is there? Knowing it, the wise regard their work as done."

हिन्दी अर्थ

है, यह मुझे बताइये योगाच्छित्त्वा ततो दोषान् पज्चैतानू प्राप्रुवन्ति तत्

English

by Darkness pursue only Unrighteousness and not Righteousness, being overmastered by wrath, covetousness, malice, falsehood, and similar evils. They never obtain happiness either here or hereafter, On the other hand, they are afflicted by various kinds of disease and pain and trouble. They are also tortured by Death, imprisonment, and diverse other griefs of that kind, and by the sorrows, attending on hunger and thirst and toil. They are also pained by the numerous bodily griefs that arise from rain and wind and burning heat and exceeding cold. They are also overwhelmed by numerous mental griefs caused by loss of wealth and separation from friends, as also by griefs caused by decrepitude and death. They that are not touched by these diverse kinds of physical and mental afflictions, know what happiness is. These evils are never found in heaven. There delicious breezes blow. In heaven there is also perpetual fragrance. In heaven there is no hunger, no thirst, no decrepitude, no sin. In this world there is both happiness and misery. In hell there is only misery. Therefore,

हिन्दी अर्थ

कर देता है अर्थात् उनके प्रवाहमें नहीं बहता

English

[Yajnavalkya said:] "By the shanks he would reach the Vasus and gods: so we have heard; by the knees he would reach the greatly fortunate gods and Sadhyas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विमोक्षप्रभविष्णुत्वमुपपन्नमसंशयम् निदर्शनार्थ सूक्ष्माणि वक्ष्यामि च पुनस्तव

English

Departing by the anus he would reach the place of Mitra; by the hips the earth; by the thighs Prajapati.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुनः तुमसे वर्णन करूँगा

English

By the sides the Maruts, the gods; by the nostrils the moon; by the arms Indra, they say; by the chest Rudra.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निदर्शनानि सूक्ष्माणि शृणु मे भरतर्षभ युक्त: सम्यक् तथा योगी मोक्षं प्राप्नोत्यसंशयम्

English

By the neck he reaches that best of sages, the unsurpassed man; by the mouth the Vishvedevas; by the ear the directions.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरुषो युक्त आरोहेत् सोपानं युक्तमानस:

English

By the nose the carrier of scents; by the eyes the sun; by the brows the two Ashvins; by the forehead the ancestors.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करोत्यमलमात्मानं भास्करोपमदर्शनम् दुर्गमें स्थानमाप्नोति हित्वा देहमिमं नूप

English

By the head he reaches Brahma, the lord, the eldest of the gods. These places of departure have been told, lord of Mithila.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देशमिष्टं नयत्याशु धन्विनं पुरुषर्षभ

English

I shall tell the portents of death ordained by the wise, which may arise in the embodied when separation from the year is near.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राप्नोत्याशु परं स्थान लक्ष॑ मुक्त इवाशुग: पापं हन्ति पुनीतानां पदमाप्रोति सोडजरम्

English

He who does not see Arundhati, seen before, nor the Pole star, they say, nor the full moon, nor a lamp, who sees a broken glimmer to the south: even they have a year's life.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राप्रुवन्ति तथा योगास्तत् प्दं वीतकल्मषा:

English

happiness is the highest object of acquisition. The Earth is the progenitrix of all creatures. Females partake of her nature. The male animal is like Prajapati himself. The vital seed, it should be known, is the creative energy. In this way did Brahman ordain in days of old that the creation should go on. Each, affected by his own acts, obtains happiness or misery.'" l

हिन्दी अर्थ

योगी अपने पापोंका नाश करके परमात्मपदको प्राप्त करते हैं प्राप्तुयुर्विमलं मार्ग विमुक्ता: सर्वबन्धनै:

English

degree or measure of merit that is achieved here.

हिन्दी अर्थ

छित्त्वा योगा: परं मार्ग गच्छन्ति विमलं शिवम्

English

to be devoured by the Daitya, Rahu.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विनश्यन्ति न संदेहस्तद्वद् योगबलादृते प्रकार योगबलसे रहित मनुष्यकी भी दशा होती है

English

As a wheel with a broken nave, he sees the moon with a hole, and likewise the thousand-rayed sun: he is fit for death in seven nights.

हिन्दी अर्थ

योगबलसे सर्वथा रहित मनुष्योंकी भी होती है

English

The man who smells a dog's smell when he gets a fragrance, and who stays in a temple, is fit for death in a night.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत्र सक्ता विपद्यन्ते मुच्यन्ते च बलान्विता: अबला वै विनश्यन्ति मुच्यन्ते च बलान्विता:

English

Bowing of the ears and nose, loss of lustre of teeth and eyes, loss of consciousness and coldness are signs of immediate death.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आक्रान्त इन्धनै: स्थूलैस्तद्वद् योगोडबल: प्रभो

English

If the left eye of a man flows suddenly, lord of men, and smoke rises from his head, it is a sign of immediate death.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समीरणगत।: क्षिप्रं दहेत् कृत्स्नां महीमपि अन्तकाल इवादित्य: कृत्स्नं संशोषयेज्जगत्

English

Knowing these portents, the self-possessed man should join himself to the Supreme Self by night and by day.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वैसे ही समस्त रागादि दोषोंका नाश कर देता है

English

Awaiting that time, for whatever time it is, if death is not welcome to him, he should wish to take up this practice:

हिन्दी अर्थ

बलहीनस्तथा योगो विषयैह्ियतेडवश: तद्धद् योगबलं लब्ध्वा व्यूहते विषयान् बहून्ू

English

he should hold all scents and tastes, collected; so he conquers death, with the inner self devoted to that.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रजापतीनृषीन् देवान् महाभूतानि चेश्वरा: पञ्चमहाभूतोंमें प्रवेश कर जाते हैं। उनमें ऐसा करनेकी सामर्थ्य आ जाती है

English

Knowing the holding of Sankhya too, best of men, he should conquer death by yoga with the inner self devoted to that.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ईशते नृपते सर्वे योगस्यामिततेजस:

English

He would go, having reached the entire imperishable, the unborn, auspicious, undecaying, eternal, unmoving seat, hard for the unself-controlled to reach."

हिन्दी अर्थ

दर्शने श्रवणे चापि घ्राणे चामितविक्रम

English

"Bharadwaja said, 'What has been said to be the consequence of gift? What of Righteousness? What of conduct? What of Penances well-performed? What of the study and recitation of the Vedas? And what of pouring libations upon the fire?'

हिन्दी अर्थ

विषयानौरगान ज्ञात्वा गान्धर्वविषयांस्तथा

English

[Yajnavalkya said:] "By the sage's rule practised here with disrespect, the Yajus verses were obtained from the sun by me, lord of Mithila.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रज: सत्त्वे तथा सक्तं सत्त्वं सक्ते तथा55त्मनि देवं मोक्षे च संसक्त मोक्ष सक्ते तु न क्वचित्

English

By great austerity I served the god, the hottest, and the lord was pleased and said to me, sinless one:

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षयं संवत्सराणां च मासानां च क्षयं तथा

English

'Choose a boon, brahmana sage; I shall give you what you wish and what is hard to get; with pleased soul, for my grace is hard to get.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

राजसानशुभान् गन्धांस्तामसांश्व॒ तथाविधान् व्याधिमृत्युमहाग्राहं महाभयमहोरगम्

English

Then bowing my head, I said to the best of the warm: 'I wish to know quickly the Yajus verses not yet used.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वदृते पुरुष नान्यं प्रष्टमहामि कौरव

English

Then the blessed one said to me: 'I shall give them to you, twice-born; Sarasvati as speech will enter your body.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वाण्येव गुणैव्याप्य क्षेत्रज्ञेषु युधिष्ठिर शिष्या इव महात्मानमिन्द्रियाणि च त॑ प्रभो

English

Then the blessed one said to me, 'Open your mouth,' and when I opened it Sarasvati entered.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपलब्धं महाबाहो तत्त्वेन कुरुनन्दन

English

Then, burning, I entered the water, sinless one, from ignorance and the impatience of the great-souled sun.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समझो। ऐसे एक हजार महायुगोंका ब्रह्माजीका एक दिन बताया जाता है सृजत्यनन्तकर्माणं महान्तं भूतमग्रजम्

English

Then the blessed Ravi said to me, burning: 'Bear the burning a moment; then you will be cool.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आत्मना सूक्ष्ममात्मानं युद्धक्ते सम्यग्विशाम्पते योगी बलमवाप्रोति तद् भवान् वक्तुमहसि

English

'Bhrigu said, 'By pouring libations on the sacred fire, sin is burnt. By study of the Vedas one obtains blessed tranquillity. By gift, one obtains pleasure and articles of enjoyment. By Penances, one acquires blessed heaven. Gift is said to be of two kinds: gifts for the other world, and those for this. Whatever is given to the good attends the giver in the other world. Whatever is given to those that are not good produces consequences enjoyable here. The consequences of gifts are commensurate with the gifts

हिन्दी अर्थ

और सुखके बन्धनोंसे छुटकारा पा जाता है परं योगस्य यत् कृत्यं निश्चितं तद् द्विजातिषु

English

You will accomplish the entire Shatapatha, best of the twice-born, and at its end you will have the thought of no rebirth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेजश्न कृत्स्नं सुमहच्च धैर्यम्

English

And you will gain the state desired by Sankhya and yoga.' Having said this much, the blessed one went to his setting.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नदीश्व॒ सर्वा: सवनान् घनांश्व विशेत योगी न चिराद् विमुक्त:

English

Then, hearing what was said after the god Vibhavasu had gone, I came home glad and thought of Sarasvati.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नारायणात्मा कुरुते महात्मा

English

Then the goddess Sarasvati for me, most auspicious, adorned with vowels and consonants, making Om first, appeared.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऊपर उठकर नारायणस्वरूप हो जाता है और संकल्पमात्रसे सृष्टि करने लगता है योगमार्गो यथान्यायं शिष्यायेह हितैषिणा

English

Then I duly offered arghya to Sarasvati and to the best of the warm, seated, devoted to them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्रिषु लोकेषु यज्ज्ञानं सर्व तद् विदितं हि ते

English

Then with great joy I made the whole Shatapatha, with its collection and with its remainder, as the Sarasvati's...

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्योंकि तीनों लोकोंमें जो ज्ञान है, वह सब आपको विदित है विहितं यतिभि: सर्वे: कपिलादिभिरी श्वरै:

English

Having taught a hundred best disciples, to displease the great-souled maternal uncle with his disciples,

हिन्दी अर्थ

गुणाश्न यस्मिन् बहवो दोषहानिश्च केवला

English

then, with my disciples, as the sun with his rays, the sacrifice of your great-souled father was pervaded, great king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

किंतु दोषोंका सर्वथा अभाव है मानुषान् दुर्जयान् कृत्स्नान् पैशाचान् विषयांस्तथा

English

Before Devala's eyes I took away half, and it was for my own Veda's fee, in the dispute with my uncle.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुपर्णविषयान् ज्ञात्वा मरुतां विषयांस्तथा प्रजापतीनां विषयान् ब्रह्मणो विषयांस्तथा

English

By Sumantu, Paila, Jaimini, and your father and the sages, I was then approved.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुखस्य च परं तत्त्वं विज्ञाय वदतां वर

English

Fifteen Yajus verses were obtained by me from the sun, sinless one, and so the Purana too was grasped from Lomaharshana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तिर्यक्षु पततां दुःखं पततां नरके च यत् वेदवादे5पि ये दोषा गुणा ये चापि वैदिका:

English

Placing this seed first and the goddess Sarasvati, and by the sun's power, I proceeded, lord of men,

हिन्दी अर्थ

सांख्यज्ञाने च ये दोषास्तथैव च गुणा नृप

English

to make the unprecedented Veda, the Shatapatha, and it was made by me, my purpose accomplished as desired.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तमश्नाष्टगुणं ज्ञात्वा बुद्धि सप्तगुणां तथा बुद्धि चतुर्गुणां ज्ञात्वा तमश्न त्रिगुणं तथा

English

It was permitted wholly to the disciples with its collection, and all the pure disciples went away very glad.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मार्ग विज्ञाय तत्त्वेन प्रलये प्रेक्षणे तथा

English

These fifteen branches, the knowledge shown by the sun, having established as I wished, I reflected on what was to be known.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राप्तुवन्ति शुभं मोक्ष सूक्ष्मा इव नभ: परम् शब्दे सक्तं तथा श्रीत्र॑ जिह्ना रसगुणेषु च

English

'What is the Brahman-truth here, and what the unsurpassed knowable?' I was thinking there when a gandharva came and asked me.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शब्दमें आसक्त है और रसना रसगुणमें

English

Then, king, Vishvavasu, skilled in the knowledge of the Vedanta, having asked twenty-four questions of the Veda, lord of the earth, asked the twenty-fifth question, on logic.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मोहं तमसि संयुक्त लोभमर्थेषु संश्रितम् अप्सु देवीं समासक्तामपस्तेजसि संश्रिता:

English

All, the universe, horse and non-horse, Mitra and Varuna, knowledge, the knowable, the ignorant and the knowing, who is the warming and the not warming, the sun-eater and the sun, knowledge and ignorance,

हिन्दी अर्थ

नभो महति संयुक्त महद् बुद्धौी च संश्रितम्

English

the knowable and unknowable, king, the unmoving and the moving, the unprecedented, the imperishable, the perishable: this is the supreme question.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वभावं चेतनां चैव ज्ञात्वा देहसमाश्रिते

English

Then I said to him, king, to the best of gandharvas, who had asked in order the best, meaningful question:

हिन्दी अर्थ

द्वितीयं कर्म विज्ञाय नूपते विषयैषिणाम् दुर्लभत्वं च मोक्षस्य विज्ञाय श्रुतिपूर्वकम्

English

'Bear with me a moment while I think on this.' 'Surely,' he said, and the gandharva stayed silent.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अधश्वैवानिलं ज्ञात्वा प्रवहं चानिलं पुन:

English

Then I thought again of the goddess Sarasvati in my mind, and that question was drawn out for me like butter from curds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वैतरण्यां च यद् दुःखं पतितानां यमक्षये प्राणियोंको जो दुःख होता है, उसको भी जाने

English

There I churned in mind the Upanishad and the remainder, lord of the earth, dear, and saw the supreme logic.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुक्रशोणितसंघाते मज्जास्नायुपरिग्रहे

English

This is the fourth, tiger among kings, the knowledge of the other world; I have told you; it rests upon the twenty-fifth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सात््विकानां च जन्‍्तूनां कुत्सितं भरतर्षभ उपप्लवांस्तथा घोरान् शशिनस्तेजसस्तथा

English

Then I said to King Vishvavasu: 'Hear what you have asked of us here.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बाल्ये मोहं च विज्ञाय क्षयं देहस्पय चाशुभम्

English

This "all, all" which you ask, lord of gandharvas: know the all as the supreme unmanifest, terrible to past and future.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गतासूनां च कौन्तेय देहान् दृष्टवा तथाशुभान् ब्रह्मघ्नानां गति ज्ञात्वा पतितानां सुदारुणाम्

English

The threefold from making qualities; the childless, the partless; the horse and likewise the pair: so it is seen.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गुरुदारप्रसक्तानां गतिं विज्ञाय चाशुभाम्

English

They call the unmanifest nature, and the Person without qualities; likewise Mitra is the Person and Varuna nature.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सदेवकेषु लोकेषु ये न वर्तन्ति मानवा: तिर्यग्योनिगतानां च विज्ञाय गतय: पृथक्

English

They call knowledge nature, and the knowable the partless; the ignorant and the knower, the Person; therefore he is called partless.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षयं वृद्धि च चन्द्रस्य दृष्टवा प्रत्यक्षतस्तथा क्षयं धनानां दृष्टवा च पुनर्वद्धि तथैव च

English

Who is the warmer and who the non-warmer? The warmer is said to be nature, the non-warmer the partless, the Person.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षयं च दृष्टवा शैलानां क्षयं च सरितां तथा

English

The unknowable and unmanifest, the Person is called the piercer; the moving and unmoving you said: hear that too.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जरामृत्युं तथा जन्म दृष्टवा दुःखानि चैव ह व्याकुलताको भी ठीक-ठीक जाननेका प्रयत्न करे

English

They call nature moving, the cause in emission and creation; the Person is held the unmoving doer of non-emission and creation.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वदेहादुत्थितान् गन्धांस्तथा विज्ञाय चाशुभान्

English

Both are unborn, both unproductive and both imperishable; those settled in the course of the self call both unborn and constant.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करते हुए भवबन्धनसे मुक्त होनेका प्रयत्न करे) एतन्मे संशयं कृत्स्नं वक्तुमहसि तत्त्वतः

English

By imperishability in generation they call it unborn, imperishable; they call the Person imperishable, for he has no decay.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समाधान करनेकी कृपा करें

English

The wise call nature imperishable by being the doer, though by the decay of qualities; this is the fourth, the logic knowledge of the other world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मार्गज्ञा: कापिला: सांख्या: शूणु तानरिसूदन एते दोषा: शरीरेषु दृश्यन्ते सर्वदेहिनाम्

English

Having made wealth endowed with knowledge by action in constant action, all the Vedas are remembered as seeing one end only, Vishvavasu.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्त्वसंसेवनाज्निद्रामप्रमादाद् भयं तथा

English

They are born and die in that, and from that they have fallen, those who do not know the meaning of the Veda, the knowable, best of gandharvas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

छिन्दन्ति पञ्चमं श्वासमल्पाहारतया नृूप हेतून हेतुशतैश्रित्रैछित्रान् विज्ञाय तत्त्वतः

English

Even if one studies the five Vedas with limbs and subsidiaries but does not know the Veda's knowable, he is only a bearer of the Veda's load.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चित्रभित्तिप्रतीकाशं नलसारमनर्थकम्

English

He who, wishing ghee, would churn an ass's milk, best of gandharvas, would see dung in it, not butter or ghee.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हिंसाशीघ्रमहावेगं नानारससमाकरम्

English

So he who knows the Veda's learning does not find the knowable and the unknowable; he is held only a dull-minded bearer of the load of knowledge.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शोकतृष्णामहावर्त तीक्षणव्याधिमहागजम् दानमुक्ताकरं घोरं शोणितह्ददविद्रुमम्

English

These two are always to be seen with the inner self devoted to that, so that birth and death do not occur for him again and again.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रोदनाश्रुमलक्षारं संगत्यागपरायणम्

English

Reflecting on incessant birth and death, giving up this triple Veda, resting here on imperishable dharma,

हिन्दी अर्थ

अहिंसासत्यमर्यादं प्राणत्यागमहोर्मिणम् मोक्षदुर्लाभविषयं वडवामुखसागरम्

English

when he sees the utterly, day by day, Kashyapa, then he becomes alone and sees the twenty-sixth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तीर्त्वातिदुस्तरं जन्म विशन्ति विमलं नभ:

English

One is the ever unmanifest, another the twenty-fifth; one should see the two of him as one, say the good.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पद्मतन्तुवदाविश्य प्रवहन् विषयान् नूप करता है, जैसे कमलकी नाल सरोवरके जलको खींच लेती है

English

For this the yogis and the Sankhyas, seeking the highest and afraid of birth and death, do not recognise the twenty-fifth, the imperishable.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

वीतरागान् यतीन् सिद्धान् वीर्ययुक्तांस्तपोधनान्

English

[Vishvavasu said:] "The twenty-fifth that you have told me, best of brahmanas: whether it is so or not so, you ought to tell.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स तान् वहति कौन्तेय नभस: परमां गतिम् रजो वहति राजेन्द्र सत्त्वस्य परमां गतिम्

English

I have heard from Jaigishavya, Asita, Devala, Parashara the brahmana sage, and the wise Varshaganya,

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रभुर्वहति शुद्धात्मा परमात्मानमात्मना

English

from the mendicant Panchashikha, Kapila, Shuka, Gautama, Arshtishena and the great-souled Garga,

हिन्दी अर्थ

अमृतत्वाय कल्पन्ते न निवर्तन्ति वा विभो आजन्ममरणं वा ते स्मरन्त्युत न वानघ

English

from Narada, Asuri, the wise Pulastya, then Sanatkumara and the great-souled Shukra,

हिन्दी अर्थ

यदि तत्रैव विज्ञाने वर्तन्ते यतय: परे मग्नस्य हि परे ज्ञाने कि नु दुःखतरं भवेत्

English

from Kashyapa and my father, I heard before; then from Rudra and the wise Vishvarupa,

हिन्दी अर्थ

बुधानामपि सम्मोह: प्रश्नेडस्मिन् भरतर्षभ

English

from the gods, the ancestors and the Daityas, here and there, I received all this; they ever speak of the knowable.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बुद्धिश्च॒ परमा यत्र कापिलानां महात्मनाम् कारणान्यात्मनस्तानि सूक्ष्म: पश्यति तैस्तु सः

English

Therefore I wish to hear it from your understanding, brahmana; you are the foremost of shastras, bold and exceedingly wise.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्ञानका अभाव देखा जाता है)

English

Nothing is unknown to you; you are held a treasury of scripture, and are spoken of so in the world of the gods and the world of ancestors, brahmana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विनश्यन्ति न संदेह: फेना इव महार्णवे सूक्ष्मश्षरति सर्वत्र नभसीव समीरण:

English

And great sages gone to the world of Brahma tell it; and the sun, lord of the warm, ever shines on you.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बुध्यमानो यथापूर्वमखिलेनेह भारत

English

Sankhya knowledge, Brahmana, has been gained by you wholly, and yoga knowledge likewise, Yajnavalkya, especially.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विषयोंका वह जाग्रत्के समान ही अनुभव करता है अनीशत्वात् प्रलीयन्ते सर्पा हतविषा इव

English

You are free of doubt, awake, knowing the moving and unmoving; I wish to hear that knowledge, like butter from dull curds."

हिन्दी अर्थ

आक्रम्य गतय: सूक्ष्माश्चरत्यात्मा न संशय:

English

[Yajnavalkya said:] "I regard you, best of gandharvas, as bearing the whole; and, king, you ask me; learn it as heard.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आक्रान्त करके जीवात्मा सूक्ष्म विषयोंमें विचरण करता है, इसमें संदेह नहीं है गुणांश्न तमस: सर्वान् गुणान् बुद्धेश्न भारत

English

The twenty-fifth awakens nature which does not awaken; but nature, gandharva, does not awaken the twenty-fifth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गुणान् वायोश्व धर्मात्मंस्तेजस श्व गुणान् पुन:

English

Because of this non-awakening they call it the primary; the Sankhyas and yogis who know truth say so by the illustration of scripture.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परं नारायणात्मान निर्दद प्रकृते: परम्

English

Seeing, and not seeing, another sees, sinless one; the twenty-sixth sees the twenty-fifth and twenty-fourth; but the seer does not see, and sees him who sees him.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आगच्छन्ति यथाकाल गुरो: संदेशकारिण: आदेश पालन करनेवाले शिष्योंके समान यथासमय यहाँ गमनागमन करते हैं

English

The twenty-fifth would think, 'there is none other beyond me'; the twenty-fourth is not to be grasped by men who see knowledge.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवमुक्तेन कौन्तेय युक्तज्ञानेन मोक्षिणा

English

As a fish follows the water and proceeds by proceeding, as the fish knows, so he knows; with affection, from dwelling together, and ever with conceit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अक्षरं ध्रुवमेवोक्तं पूर्ण ब्रह्म सनातनम् कूटस्थं चैव नित्यं च यद् वदन्ति मनीषिण:

English

He sinks in time when he does not awaken to oneness; he emerges from time when covered with mine-ness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अभिश्ञानानि तस्याहुर्मतं हि भरतर्षभ

English

But when the twice-born thinks, 'I am another, this is another,' then he becomes alone and sees the twenty-sixth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उनमें भी जंगम ही श्रेष्ठ है सांख्ये यथावद् विहितानि राजन्

English

One is lower, king, and another is the twenty-fifth; abiding in it they see, the good say, as one alone.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पतन्ति विप्रेषु यतेषु भूख:

English

For this reason the yogis and Sankhyas afraid of birth and death do not welcome the twenty-fifth, the imperishable, Kashyapa; they see the twenty-sixth, pure, devoted to that.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ये ज्ञानमेतन्नपतेडनुरक्ता: संहारकाले च तदत्ति भूय:

English

When he has become alone and sees the twenty-sixth, then he is all-knowing, learned, and does not find rebirth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृत्वाप्सु शेते जगदन्तरात्मा

English

Thus the unawakened and the awakening, sinless one, and the awake were told in truth by me, by the illustration of scripture.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कि च तत्क्षरमित्युक्त यस्मादावर्तते पुन: पुनः इस संसारमें लौटना पड़ता है?

English

Whoever sees the seen and unseen, the safety and the truth, Kashyapa, the alone and non-alone, the primal, and what is beyond the twenty-fifth..."

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋषिभिश्न महाभागैर्यतिभिश्न महात्मभि: ज्ञाननिधि कहते हैं

English

[Vishvavasu said:] "True and auspicious is this you have said, rightly, safe, prior even to the gods; may good luck be yours ever, with undecaying intellect, ever joined with wisdom; honour to you."

हिन्दी अर्थ

पदार्पण करते ही आप परमधामको पधारेंगे

English

[Yajnavalkya said:] Having said so, he went to heaven, shining with a glorious sight, and satisfied, with great joy, having done a circumambulation of me, the great soul,

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुरुवंशप्रदीपस्त्व॑ ज्ञानदीपेन दीप्यसे प्रकाशित करनेवाले प्रदीप हैं और ज्ञानदीपसे उद्भासित हो रहे हैं

English

to Brahma and the sky-farers and those who dwell on earth and below, lord of men; there he showed that vision, to those who have resorted to the safe path.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न तृप्यामीह राजेन्द्र शृण्वन्नमृतमीदृूशम्

English

All the Sankhyas, devoted to the dharma of Sankhya, and likewise the yogis, devoted to the dharma of yoga, and other men who seek liberation: for them this vision of knowledge is seen.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अक्षरका विषय बताइये।) वसिष्ठस्थ च संवादं करालजनकस्य च

English

From knowledge, liberation arises for men; not from ignorance: so they say, lord of men. Therefore knowledge is to be sought in truth, by which one frees oneself from birth and death.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संवाद हुआ था, वही प्राचीन इतिहास मैं तुम्हें बतलाऊँगा

English

Having gained knowledge from a brahmana, kshatriya, vaishya, or even a shudra or low one, one should have faith constantly; birth and death do not enter the faithful.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पप्रच्छ जनको राजा ज्ञानं नैःश्रेयसं परम् मैत्रावरुणिमासीनमभिवाद्य कृताञज्जलि:

English

All classes are brahmanas and born of Brahman; all constantly speak Brahman; I say Brahman is the truth and shastra, by intellect; all this universe is Brahman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यस्मान्न पुनरावृत्तिमाप्रुवन्ति मनीषिण:

English

From Brahma's mouth the brahmanas were born; from the arms the kshatriyas; from the navel the vaishyas, and from the feet the shudras; all classes are not to be known otherwise.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परब्रह्मके स्वरूपका मैं वर्णन सुनना चाहता हूँ यच्चाक्षरमिति प्रोक्तं शिवं क्षेम्यममनामयम्

English

From ignorance they take up the womb of action, king, those and those, as they go to non-being; so classes devoid of knowledge fall, from dreadful ignorance, into the net of natural wombs.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यन्न क्षरति पूर्वेण यावत्कालेन वाप्यथ

English

Therefore knowledge is to be sought everywhere; this has been told to you for all places; Brahma stood, and the other who stood; to him the best of twice-born say liberation is constant.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अणिमा लघिमा प्राप्तिरीशानं ज्योतिरव्ययम्

English

What you asked has been taught by me as it is; be free of grief, king; go to the far shore of this matter; may good luck be yours here ever, as rightly told."

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वतःश्रुतिमल्लोके सर्वमावृत्य तिष्ठतति महानिति च योगेषु विरिज्चिरिति चाप्यज:

English

[Bhishma said:] Thus instructed by the wise Yajnavalkya, the king, lord of Mithila, was then pleased.

हिन्दी अर्थ

योगशास्त्रमें ये ही महान् कहे गये हैं। इन्हींको विरिज्चि तथा अज भी कहते हैं

English

When the best of sages had gone and the circumambulation had been made, King Devarata, knowing liberation, sat there.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विचित्ररूपो विश्वात्मा एकाक्षर इति स्मृत: अहड्कारं महातेजा: प्रजापतिमहंकृतम्

English

He touched ten million cows and gold, and gave a handful of jewels to the brahmanas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

महान्तं चाप्यहड़कारमविद्यासर्गमेव च

English

And having established the kingdom of Videha for his son, the lord of Mithila lived practising the dharma of the ascetic.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शास्त्रके अर्थका विचार करनेवाले विद्दानोंने उन्हें विद्या और अविद्या बतलाया है अहड्कारेषु सर्वेषु चतुर्थ विद्धि वैकृतम्

English

Studying Sankhya knowledge and the yoga shastra wholly, king of kings, and reproaching dharma and adharma as natural,

हिन्दी अर्थ

है, उसे वैकृत-सर्ग समझो

English

holding it endless and the alone, constant; dharma and adharma, merit and sin, truth and untruth likewise,

हिन्दी अर्थ

शब्द: स्पर्शक्षु रूपं च रसो गन्धस्तथैव च पज्चमं विद्धि राजेन्द्र भौतिकं सर्गमर्थवत्

English

birth and death, king of kings, he thought of as natural, always: 'this is the act of the unmanifest Brahman, lord of men.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

वाक् च हस्तौ च पादौ च पायुर्मेढ्रंतथैव च

English

Yogis and Sankhyas see, by the marks made in their own scriptures, that Brahman, beyond the beyond, freed from the wished and unwished, stood; the learned call it constant, and pure; therefore be pure.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वेदितव्यं नरश्रेष्ठ सदेवनरदानवे सचारणपिशाचे वै सदेवर्षिनिशाचरे

English

What is given, what one receives, what one gives and approves, and one who gives and receives, best of men, it is the unmanifest that gives this and receives it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

योगशक्ति प्राप्त कर लेता है, यह आप मुझे बतानेकी कृपा करें

English

"Bharadwaja said, 'What course of duties should be performed by whom? What also are the characteristics of duty? How many kinds of duty are there? It behoveth thee to tell me these.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्नेहानां वर्जने युक्तो योगी बलमवाप्लुयात् तेलका परित्याग कर देता है, उसी योगीको योगबलकी प्राप्ति होती है

English

"Bhrigu said, 'Those wise men who are engaged in practising the duties laid down for them succeed in obtaining heaven as their reward. By doing otherwise people become guilty of folly.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

एकाहारो विशुद्धात्मा योगी बलमवाप्नुयात्

English

"Bharadwaja said, 'It behoveth thee to tell me about the four modes of life that were formerly laid down by Brahman, and the practices ordained for each of them.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुद्धचित होकर योगबलकी प्राप्ति कर सकता है अप: पीत्वा पयोमिश्रा योगी बलमवाप्नुयात्

English

"Bhrigu said, 'In days of yore, the divine Brahman, for benefiting the world, and for the protection of righteousness, indicated four modes of life. 3 Amongst them, residence in the abode of the preceptor is mentioned as the first (in order of time). He who is in this mode of life should have his soul cleansed by purity of conduct, by Vedic rites, and by restraints and vows and humility. He should worship the morning and evening twilights, the Sun, his own sacred fire, and the deities. He should cast off procrastination and idleness. He should cleanse his soul by saluting his preceptor, by studying the Vedas, and by listening to his preceptor's instructions. He should perform

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपोष्य सम्यक् शुद्धात्मा योगी बलमवाप्रुयात्

English

his ablutions thrice (viz., in the morning, noon, and evening). He should lead a life of celibacy; attend to his sacred fire; dutifully serve his preceptor; daily go out on a round of mendicancy (for supporting himself); and give ungrudgingly unto his preceptor the whole of what is obtained in alms. Willingly accomplishing everything that the commands of his preceptor may indicate, he should be ready to receive such Vedic instruction as his preceptor may give him as a favour, l On this subject there is a verse: That Brahmana who obtains his Veda by attending with reverence upon his preceptor, succeeds in

हिन्दी अर्थ

भयं शोकं तथा श्वासं पौरुषान् विषयांस्तथा यः कश्रनिद् व्रजति हास्मिन् क्षेमेण भरतर्षभ

English

This was obtained by me from Janaka in the past, and by him from Yajnavalkya, king; the knowledge is excellent, not like sacrifices; one crosses the hard by knowledge, not by sacrifices.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मार्गको कुशलपूर्वक तै कर सकता है

English

Birth and death are hard, king; the knowers of knowledge do not speak of prosperity; by sacrifices, austerities, rules and vows, reaching heaven, they fall to earth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्वभ्रवत् तोयहीनं च दुर्गमें बहुकण्टकम् धारणासु तु योगस्य दुःस्थेयमकृतात्मभि:

English

Therefore attend on the supreme, great, pure, auspicious, spotless, holy liberation, the knowledge-sacrifice of the knower of the field, lord of the earth; attending on this truth you will become a sage.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मरणं जन्म दु:खं च सुखं च स विमुज्चति

English

Then Yajnavalkya, long ago, made the Upanishad of King Janaka: the eternal imperishable, measured, auspicious, immortal, griefless one that is reached."

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुनि श्वपाके चैणेये सचाण्डाले सपुल्कसे

English

attaining to heaven and obtains the fruition of all his desires. The domestic mode of life is called the second (in point of time). We shall explain to you all the pious acts and indications of that mode. Those who having completed their residence in the preceptor's abode return home, who are of pious conduct, who desire the fruits of a virtuous course of behaviour with spouses in their company, have this mode of life ordained for them. In it Virtue, Wealth, and Pleasure, may all be obtained. It is (thus) suited to the cultivation of the triple aggregate. Acquiring wealth by irreproachable acts, or with wealth of high efficacy which is obtained from recitation of the Vedas, or living upon such means as are utilised by the regenerate Rishis, 2 or with the produce of mountains and mines, or with the wealth represented by the offerings made in sacrifices and on the termination of vows and other observances, and those made unto deities, the householder should lead this mode of life. That mode of life is regarded as the root of all the others. They who are residents in the abodes of preceptors, they who lead lives of mendicancy, and others who live in the observance of vows and restraints to which they are pledged, derive from this mode the means they live upon, the offerings they make unto the Pitris and the deities, and, in short, their entire support. The third mode of life is called the Forest-life. For those that lead it, there is no storing of wealth and articles. 3 Generally, these pious and good men, subsisting upon good food, and engaged in studying the Vedas, roam ever the earth for journeying to tirthas and visiting diverse realms. Standing up, advancing forward, sweet speeches uttered in sincerity, gifts according to the measure of the giver's competence, offer of seats and beds of the best kind, and presents of excellent food, are some of the means for showing them regard.

हिन्दी अर्थ

केवलश्वेतनो नित्य: सर्वमूर्तिरमूर्तिमान्

English

[Yudhishthira said:] "By great austerity, or by action, or by learning, or by use of what elixirs does one go beyond old age and death?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमात्मा ही समस्त शरीरोंके हृदयदेशमें निवास करते हैं गोचरे वर्तते नित्यं निर्गुणं गुणसंज्ञितम्

English

[Bhishma said:] "Here too they cite this ancient tale, the dialogue of the mendicant Panchashikha and Janaka.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विकुर्वाण: प्रकृतिमानभिमन्यत्यबुद्धिमान्

English

Janaka, king of Videha, asked the great sage Panchashikha, the best knower of the Veda, with his doubts of dharma and wealth cut:

हिन्दी अर्थ

नियते प्रतिबुद्धित्वादबुद्धजनसेवनात् उन सात््विक, राजस, तामस योनियोंमें जन्म ग्रहण करता है

English

'By what conduct, blessed one, may one cross old age and death: by austerity, or intellect, or action, or learning?'

हिन्दी अर्थ

यो5हं सो5हमिति हुक्त्वा गुणानेवानुवर्तते

English

Thus addressed, the knower of the unseen replied to the Videha: 'There is no turning back from these two; there is no non-turning back in any way.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हूँ", इस प्रकार कहता हुआ वह सात्त्विक आदि गुणोंका ही अनुसरण करता है रजसा राजसांश्वैव सात््विकान् सत्त्वसंश्रयात्

English

Days do not turn back, nor months, nor nights; he goes on the road for long, firm, yet unfirm.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वाण्येतानि रूपाणि यानीह प्राकृतानि वै

English

The cutting off of all beings is ever carried as by a current; carried and sinking in the raftless ocean of Time with its great crocodile of old age and death, no one gets away.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सात्त्विका देवलोकाय गच्छन्ति सुखभागिन: पुण्यपापेन मानुष्यं पुण्येनेकेन देवता:

English

None will be his, nor is he anyone's; this is only a meeting on the road with wives and other kinsmen; no one has ever had a dwelling together for ever.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यच्च मूर्तिमयं किंचित् सर्वत्रैतन्निदर्शनम् स्थान देहवतामासीदित्येवमनुशुश्रुम

English

On this subject there is a verse: If a guest turns away from a house with expectations unfulfilled, he is supposed to take away the merits of the householder and leave the latter all his misdeeds. Then again in the domestic mode of life the deities are gratified by sacrifices and other religious rites; the Pitris by the performance of obsequial rites; the Rishis by cultivation of (Vedic) knowledge, by listening to the instructions of preceptors, and by committing to memory the scriptures; and lastly the Creator by begetting children, l On this subject there are two verses: One in the observance of this mode of life should speak upon all creatures words breathing affection and agreeable to the ears. To give pain, to inflict mortifications, and harsh words, are all censurable. Insult, arrogance, and deceit, also should be avoided. Abstention from injury, truth, and absence of wrath, produce the merit of penances in all the (four) modes of life. In the domestic mode of life these are allowed, viz., the use and enjoyment of floral garlands, ornaments, robes, perfumed oils and unguents; enjoyment of pleasures derived from dancing and music, both vocal and instrumental, and all sights and scenes that are agreeable to the sight; the enjoyment of various kinds of viands and drinks belonging to the principal orders of edibles, viz., those that are swallowed, those that are lapped, those that are quaffed, and those that are sucked; and the enjoyment of pleasures derivable from sports and every kind of amusement and the gratification of desires. That man who in the observance of this mode of life seeks the acquisition of the triple aggregate (viz., Religion, Wealth, and Pleasure), with that of the great end of the three attributes of Goodness and Passion and Darkness, 2 enjoys great happiness here and at last attains to the end that is reserved for persons that are virtuous and good. 3 Even that householder who observes the duties of his mode of life by following the practice of picking up fallen grains of corn from the cracks of fields and who abandons sensual pleasure and attachment to action, does not find it difficult to obtain

हिन्दी अर्थ

अहन्यहनि भूतात्मा तत: क्षर इति स्मृत:

English

Old age and death are devourers of beings like two wolves, of the strong and the weak, the small and the great.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जगन्मोहात्मकं प्राहुरव्यक्ताद् व्यक्तसंज्ञकम् कथितं ते महाराज यन्मां त्वं परिपृच्छसि

English

Among beings so, constant, yet unfirm, how should one rejoice at the born, how burn at the dead?

हिन्दी अर्थ

तुम्हारे समक्ष क्षर-अक्षरके विषयका वर्णन किया है

English

"Whence have I come, who am I, where shall I go, whose am I, in what do I stand, where shall I be, why do you grieve?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत्त्वसंश्रयणादेतत् तत्त्वमाहुर्मनीषिण: चतुर्विशतिमोव्यक्तो हामूर्त: पडचविंशक:

English

There is no seer of heaven, nor of hell; not transgressing the traditions, one should give and sacrifice."