Shanti Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

राजा महीं पालयितुं स शक्त:

English

not too enquiring, l never loses prosperity. By administering justice, by attending to these three, viz., concealment of his own weaknesses, ascertainment of the weaknesses of foes, and keeping his own counsels, as also by the observance of conduct that is straightforward, the king, O delighter of the Kurus, obtains prosperity. If the king becomes mild, everybody disregards him On the other hand, if he becomes fierce, his subjects then become troubled.

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यवहारस्य चाख्यानाद् व्यवहार इहोच्यते

English

[Yudhishthira said:] "From trust, king, the greatest fear arises for a king; how then, without trusting, can a king conquer his enemies, lord of the earth?

हिन्दी अर्थ

मद: प्रमादो दर्पश्ष॒ दम्भो धैर्य नयानयौ

English

Cut this doubt of mine; my mind is bewildered, grandsire, having heard this discourse on distrust."

हिन्दी अर्थ

रक्षन् प्रजा: स जागर्ति नित्यं स्ववहितोक्षर:

English

[Bhishma said:] "Hear, Kaunteya, what took place in the house of Brahmadatta, the dialogue of King Brahmadatta with Pujani.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चाहिए; क्योंकि वह विश्वास और दण्ड राजापर ही अवलम्बित है

English

At Kampilya, in Brahmadatta's inner apartments, there lived for a long time a she-bird named Pujani.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रसिद्ध एक तेजस्वी राजा राज्य करते थे

English

She understood the cries of all beings, like the jivajivaka bird; omniscient and a knower of all dharma, though born in an animal womb.

हिन्दी अर्थ

है। साथ ही शुक्राचार्यके नीतिशास्त्रका भी आपको पूर्ण ज्ञान है

English

She bore there one radiant son, and at the same time a son was born to the king by his queen.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गम्यागम्यं तदा नासीत् स्वं परस्वं च वै समम्

English

Going to the seashore she brought back two fruits, for the nourishment of her own son and of the prince.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चन्द्रमाको नक्षत्रोंका अधिपति बनाया

English

She gave one fruit to her son and the other to the prince; like the taste of nectar, it increased strength and vigour; and the prince attained great growth from eating the fruit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आचरणमें लाता है, वही राजा अपने राज्यकी रक्षा करनेमें समर्थ होता है

English

Therefore, do thou observe both kinds of behaviour. O foremost of liberal men, the Brahmanas should never be punished by thee, for the Brahmana, O son of Pandu, is the foremost of beings on the Earth. The high-souled Manu, O king of kings, that sung two Slokas. In respect of thy duties, O thou of Kuru's race, thou shouldst always bear them in mind. Fire hath sprung from water, the Kshatriya from the Brahmana, and iron from stone. The three (viz., fire, Kshatriya and iron) can exert their force on every other thing, but coming into contact with their respective progenitors, their force becomes neutralised. When iron strikes stone, or fire battles with water, or Kshatriya cherishes enmity towards Brahmana, these three soon become weak. When this is so, O monarch, (you will see that) the Brahmanas are worthy of worship. They that are foremost among the Brahmanas are gods on earth. Duly worshipped, they uphold the Vedas and the Sacrifices. But they, O tiger among kings, that desire to have such honour however much they may be impediments to the three worlds, should ever be repressed by the might of thy arms. The great Rishi Usanas, O son, sang two Slokas in days of old. Listen to them, O king, with concentrated attention. The righteous Kshatriya, mindful of his duties, should chastise a Brahmana that may be a very master of the Vedas if he rushes to battle with an uplifted weapon. The Kshatriya, conversant with duties, that upholds righteousness when it is trespassed against, does not, by that act, become a sinner, for the wrath of the assailant justifies the wrath of the chastiser. Subject to these restrictions, O tiger among kings, the Brahmanas should be protected. If they become offenders, they should then be exiled beyond thy dominions. Even when deserving of punishment, thou shouldst, O kings, show them compassion. If a Brahmana becomes guilty of Brahmanicide, or of violating the bed of his preceptor or other revered senior, or of causing miscarriage, or of treason against the king, his punishment should be banishment from thy dominions. No corporal chastisement is laid down for them. Those persons that show respect towards the Brahmanas should be favoured by thee (with offices in the state). There is no treasure more valuable to kings than that which consists in the selection and assemblage of servants. Among the six kinds of citadels indicated in the scriptures, indeed among every kind of citadel, that which consists of (the ready service and the love of the) subjects is the most impregnable. Therefore, the king who is possessed of wisdom should always show compassion towards the four orders of his subjects. The king who is of righteous soul and truthful speech succeeds in gratifying his subjects. Thou must not, however, O son always behave with forgiveness towards everybody, for the king that is mild is regarded as the worst of his kind like an elephant that is reft of fierceness. In the scriptures composed by Vrihaspati, a Sloka was in days of old applicable to the present matter. Hear it, O king as I recite it. 'If the king happens to be always forgiving, the lowest of persons prevails over him, even as the driver who sits on the head of the elephant he guides.' The king, therefore, should not always be mild. Nor should he always be fierce. He should be like the vernal Sun, neither cold nor so hot as to produce perspiration. By the direct evidence of the senses, by conjecture, by comparisons, and by the canons,

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वव्यापी महातेजा दण्ड: श्रेयानिति प्रभो

English

Then, king, the bird, bringing a fruit, came back, and saw her son lying dead on the ground, killed by that boy.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतदिच्छाम्यहं ज्ञातुं तत््वेन भरतर्षभ

English

With a face full of tears, wretched, seeing her son slain, Pujani, burning with grief, weeping, spoke.

हिन्दी अर्थ

किमात्मक: कथंभूत: कथंमूर्ति: कथं प्रभो

English

'There is no alliance with a kshatriya, neither affection nor friendship; they associate for a reason, and abandon when their ends are gained.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कश्न पूर्वापरमिदं जागर्ति प्रतिपालयन्

English

No trust should be placed in kshatriyas, who injure everyone; having done harm, they soothe uselessly.

हिन्दी अर्थ

है? तथा उसकी गति क्या बतायी गयी है?

English

I shall now do to him a fitting vengeance, to this ungrateful, cruel, grievous betrayer of trust.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यस्मिन् हि सर्वमायत्तं स दण्ड इह केवल:

English

One grown up together, and eating together, and one who has come for refuge: to slay such is a threefold sin.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

अधीन है, वही अद्वितीय पदार्थ यहाँ “दण्ड” कहलाता है

English

Having said this, Pujani pierced the prince's eyes with her claws, and then, settled, spoke these words.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपि चैतत् पुरा राजन् मनुना प्रोक्तमादित:

English

'Sin done by one's own will draws near at once; for those who have taken vengeance, their good and ill do not perish.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यन्मयोक्तं मनुष्येन्द्र ब्रह्मणो वचन महत्

English

If a sin of action is not found in him, it is brought down upon his sons, if not on his grandsons and sons' sons.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

हैवं हि परमो दण्डो रूपतो5ग्निरिवोत्थित:

English

[Brahmadatta said:] 'Something was done by us, and something was done in return by you; both are made equal; stay, Pujani, do not go.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

अष्टपान्नैकनयन: शंकुकर्णोर्ध्वरीमवान्

English

[Pujani said:] 'For one who has once committed an offence, to linger on there, the wise do not praise; withdrawal there is better.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतद् रूप॑ बिभर्त्युग्रंं दण्डो नित्यं दुराधर:

English

When conciliation is offered by a king with whom enmity has been made, one should not trust it; the fool is soon bound, for enmity is not stilled.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुसलं परशुश्नक्रे पाशो दण्डर््टितोमरा:

English

Enmity made between each other passes to sons and grandsons; when sons and grandsons are destroyed, it passes to the next world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दण्ड एव स सर्वात्मा लोके चरति मूर्तिमान्

English

For all who have made enmity, distrust brings happiness; one should never trust fully one who has betrayed trust.

हिन्दी अर्थ

घातयन्नभिधावंश्व दण्ड एव चरत्युत

English

One should not trust the untrustworthy, and even the trusted one should not be trusted; one may freely make others trust, but should not trust others.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रीगर्भो विजय: शास्ता व्यवहार: सनातन:

English

Mother and father are the best of kinsmen; a wife is old age; a son is mere seed; a brother is an enemy, a friend has moist hands; the self alone knows its own pleasure and pain.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नामान्येतानि दण्डस्य कीर्तितानि युधिछिर

English

Between those who have made enmity with each other there is no peace; and that reason for which I stayed has passed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दौर्भाग्यं भागधेयं च पुण्यापुण्ये गुणागुणौ

English

The heart of a creature once honoured with wealth and respect, who had formerly done harm, becomes distrustful; the former deed frightens him by force.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अप्रमाद: प्रमादश्न हर्षक्रोधौ शमो दम:

English

Where honour came first and dishonour afterward, a brave man should leave that dwelling, being honoured and then dishonoured.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विरोधश्चाविरोधश्व् कार्याकार्ये बलाबले

English

I lived in your house a long time unharmed; now this enmity has arisen; stay happy, I shall go.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपत्रपानपत्रपे द्वीक्ष सम्पद्विपत्पदम्

English

[Brahmadatta said:] 'If one repays him for what he did, he does not offend thereby; he becomes free of debt; stay, Pujani, do not go.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं दण्डस्य कौरव्य लोके5स्मिन् बहुरूपता

English

[Pujani said:] 'Friendship is not joined again between the one who has been wronged and the doer; the heart knows, of the doer and of the one wronged.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

भयादू दण्डस्य नान्योन्यं घ्नन्ति चैव युधिष्ठिर

English

[Brahmadatta said:] 'Friendship is joined again between the wronged and the doer; the stilling of enmity is seen, and one does not incur the sin again.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

राजानं वर्धयन्तीह तस्माद् दण्ड: परायणम्

English

[Pujani said:] 'There is no enmity once begun that is gone; one should not rest easy thinking "I have been soothed"; the foolish are slain through trust, so staying out of sight is better.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्ये व्यवस्थितो धर्मों ब्राह्म॒णेष्ववतिष्ठते

English

Those who cannot be overcome by force, even by sharpened weapons, are held by conciliation, like elephants by she-elephants.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्थिति है और धर्म ब्राह्मणोंमें स्थित है

English

[Brahmadatta said:] 'From living together affection is born, even among those who end each other's lives; and mutual trust, as of a dog with a dog-eater.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बभूव यज्ञो वेदेभ्यो यज्ञ: प्रीणाति देवता:

English

For those who have made enmity with each other, enmity softened by living together does not remain, like water on a lotus leaf.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्न ददाति शक्रश्नाप्यनुगृह्नन्निमा: प्रजा:

English

[Pujani said:] 'Enmity has five sources, and the wise know them: that made by a woman, that born of property, that born of words, that of rivalry, and that born of offence.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मात् प्रजा: प्रतिष्ठन्ते दण्डो जागर्ति तासु च

English

In such a case the giver of the injury is to be slain, especially by a kshatriya, openly or secretly, having reckoned place, strength and the rest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भूतात्मा जीव इत्येवं नामश्रि: प्रोच्यतेडष्टभि:

English

Where enmity has been made, no trust should be placed, even in a friend; enmity stays hidden, like a concealed fire in wood.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दण्डका ही प्रतिपादन किया जाता है

English

Not by wealth, nor harsh words, nor conciliation, nor sacred hearing is the fire of enmity quenched, king, like the Aurva fire in the ocean.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देशिकाश्नाविकाश्वैव तदष्टाड़ं बल॑ं स्मृतम्

English

The fire of enmity that has risen, or a deed born of offence, does not subside without burning, king, short of the destruction of one side.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कोशो मित्राणि धान्यं च सर्वोपकरणानि च

English

For one who was honoured with wealth and respect yet had formerly done harm, there is neither peace nor trust; the deed frightens him by force.

हिन्दी अर्थ

राज्यस्य दण्डमेवाडुं दण्ड: प्रभव एव च

English

I did no wrong to you at all, nor you to me; I lived here before in trust; now I do not trust.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

दण्डो दत्त: समानात्मा दण्डो हीद॑ सनातनम्

English

[Brahmadatta said:] 'By time a deed is done, and so too the various acts; by time alone they proceed; who here offends whom?

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्माद् यः स हितो दृष्टो भर्तप्रत्ययलक्षण:

English

Death and birth proceed equally for both; one is made to act by time, and lives by that cause.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गया है (यह पहला भेद है)

English

Some are killed all at once, others one by one; time burns the pure ones, as fire reaches fuel.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मौलश्न नरशार्दूल शास्त्रोक्तश्न तथा पर:

English

I am no authority, nor are you, in the doing of good to each other; time ever brings pleasure and pain to embodied beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्ञेयो नः स नरेन्द्रस्थो दण्ड: प्रत्यय एव च

English

So stay here with affection, unharmed, as the time allows; what was done I forgive, and you too forgive, Pujani.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यवहार: स्मृतो यश्चव॒ स वेदविषयात्मक:

English

[Pujani said:] 'If time is your authority, then enmity would exist for no one; why then do kinsmen seek requital when a kinsman is slain?

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मप्रत्यय उद्दिष्टो यथाधर्म कृतात्मभि:

English

Why did the gods and asuras strike each other of old, if departure, pleasure and pain, being and non-being come by time?

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रतिपादन किया है

English

Why do physicians wish to make medicine for the sick, if they ripen by time? What use is medicine?

हिन्दी अर्थ

साथ ही ऐश्वर्यकी वृद्धि करनेवाला है, वही तीनों लोकोंको धारण करता है

English

Why do people, struck down by grief, make great lamentation? If time is your authority, why is there dharma in doers?

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यवहारश्न दृष्टो यः: स वेद इति निश्चितम्

English

Your son killed my offspring, and was harmed by me; next, king, I must be bound by you.

हिन्दी अर्थ

है, यह निश्चितरूपसे कहा जा सकता है

English

I have done a sin against your son through grief for my son, and you must strike at me; hear my reasoning.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रह्मा पितामहः पूर्व बभूवाथ प्रजापति:

English

Men want birds for food or for play; there is no third contact; apart from killing and binding, forgiveness is fitting.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोकपितामह प्रजापति ब्रह्माजी, जो सबसे पहले प्रकट हुए थे

English

Some, from fear of killing and binding, have gone to the way of liberation; the knowers of dharma call the sorrow born of death and calamity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समनुष्योरगवतां कर्ता चैव स भूतकृत्

English

Life is dear to everyone, sons are dear to everyone; everyone is alarmed by pain, and everyone wishes happiness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नादण्ड्यो विद्यते राज्ञो यः स्वधर्मे न तिष्ठति

English

Old age is sorrow, Brahmadatta; reversal of fortune is sorrow; living with the unwished is sorrow, and sorrow is born of parting from the wished.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुञज्जपृष्ठ जगामाथ पितृदेवर्षिपूजितम्

English

Sorrow made by the bonds of enmity, born of violence and made by a woman: sorrow ever turns about from pleasure, and from people.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋषियों तथा पितरोंसे पूजित मुंजपृष्ठ नामक तीर्थस्थानमें आये

English

Some foolish ones say there is no sorrow in others' sorrow; he who does not know sorrow prattles in a great assembly.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यत्र मुज्जावटे रामो जटाहरणमादिशत्

English

But how could one who grieves, afflicted with pain, venture to speak? One who knows the taste of all sorrow knows it in others as in himself.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुञ्जपृष्ठ इति प्रोक्त: स देशो रुद्रसेवित:

English

What was done by me to you, king, and by you to me, cannot be undone in hundreds of years, scourge of foes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणानामनुमतो देवर्षिसदृशो5भवत्

English

What each did to the other leaves no room for peace between us; remembering your son again and again, new enmity will arise.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देवर्षियोंके तुल्य हो गये। ब्राह्मणोंमें उनका बड़ा सम्मान होने लगा

English

He who wants to make affection while living near enmity finds no mending, like a broken clay pot.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दृष्टवा प्रकृष्टतपसं विनतोडग्रेडभ्यतिष्ठत

English

Distrust, which brings happiness, has been settled by the knowers of artha-shastra; and Ushanas once spoke two verses to Prahlada.

हिन्दी अर्थ

राज्यका कुशल-समाचार पूछा

English

Those who trust enemies, whether truthful or not, are slain in their trust, like honey by dry grass.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वसुहोम॑ महाप्राज्ञमासीनं कुरुनन्दन

English

For enmities do not subside in families even to the tenth generation, and there are always tellers of them, if a man exists in the family.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथैवौशनसं शास्त्र विज्ञातं ते नरोत्तम

English

Kings embrace their enmities and soothe, and then crush him, like a full pot against a stone.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कि चास्य पूर्व जागर्ति कि वा परममुच्यते

English

One should never trust, king, anyone against whom one has done wrong here; having harmed others, one meets sorrow through trust.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रूहि मे सुमहाप्राज्ञ ददाम्याचार्यवेतनम्

English

[Brahmadatta said:] 'Without trust, the deserving do not gather, nor do they strive at all; from fear of one or the other they are ever as if dead.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

आपको गुरुदक्षिणा प्रदान करूँगा

English

[Pujani said:] 'He whose feet are sore and who runs on them is worn down, though he runs very carefully guarded.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रजाविनयरक्षार्थ धर्मस्थात्मा सनातन:

English

He who with sore eyes looks into the wind will surely have severe pain in his eyes from the wind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋत्विजं नात्मनस्तुल्यं ददर्शेति हि नः श्रुतम्

English

He who through delusion takes a bad road, not knowing his own strength, has his life end there.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पूर्णे वर्षमहस्रे तु स गर्भ: क्षुवतोडपतत्

English

The man who ploughs a field not knowing the rain, lacking human effort, never gets a crop.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋच्विगासीन्महाराज यज्ञे तस्य महात्मन:

English

And he who always takes food that is bitter or astringent, though lacking taste, if it is wholesome, is fit for immortality.

हिन्दी अर्थ

महात्मा ब्रह्माजीके उस यज्ञमें प्रजापति क्षुप ही ऋत्विज हुए

English

A man who, after wholesome food, eats other food from greed, not knowing the result, has his life end there.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दृष्टरूपप्रधानत्वाद् दण्ड: सोन्तर्हितोभवत्

English

Fate and human effort stand supported by each other; for the high-minded action is the instrument; the weak worship fate.

हिन्दी अर्थ

होनेसे ब्रह्माका वह दण्ड अन्तर्धान हो गया

English

Action for one's own good must be done, sharp or mild; but the man who shuns action is always seized by misfortunes and left with nothing.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वत्र उच्छुंखलता फैल गयी

English

Therefore even when the outcome is doubtful, effort must be made; even abandoning everything, men should do what is for their good.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सम्पूज्य वरदं देवं महादेवमथाब्रवीत्

English

Learning, valour, skill, strength and fortitude, these five, the wise call innate friends, by which they live here.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संकरो न भवेदत्र यथा तद् वै विधीयताम्

English

House, goods, field, wife and well-wishers: these are called acquired; a man finds them anywhere.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आत्मानमात्मना दण्डं ससृजे देवसत्तम:

English

The wise man delights everywhere and shines everywhere; he frightens no one, and being frightened, does not fear.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वयं अपने आपको ही दण्डके रूपमें प्रकट किया

English

For the intelligent man, wealth, even if small, ever grows; by skill he does his work, by restraint he stands firm.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्य तस्य निकायस्य चकारैकैकमीश्वरम्

English

Of men of little wit, bound by attachment to the home, a bad wife devours their substance (the verse is obscure in the source text).

हिन्दी अर्थ

यम॑ वैवस्व॒तं चापि पितृणामकरोतू् प्रभुम्

English

"House, fields, friends, my own country," say others; so men sink when their reason is reversed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मृत्युं प्राणेश्वरमथो तेजसां च हुताशनम्

English

One should leave a land that is afflicted, oppressed by disease and famine, and go to live elsewhere, or live where one is always honoured.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राणोंका तथा अग्नि-देवको तेजका आधिपत्य प्रदान किया

English

Therefore I shall go elsewhere; I cannot stay here; this deed of your son, king, cannot be undone.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेजसां भास्कर चक्रे नक्षत्राणां निशाकरम्

English

A bad wife, a bad son, a bad king, a bad friend, a bad connection and a bad country, one should avoid from afar.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुमारं द्वादशभुजं स्कन्‍्दं राजानमादिशत्

English

In a bad friend there is no trust; in a bad wife, where is delight? In a bad kingdom there is no ease; in a bad country one cannot live.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भूतोंका श्रेष्ठ राजा नियुक्त किया

English

With a bad friend, ever unsteady in friendship, there is no union; in a bad connection there is contempt, and reversal of fortune.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मृत्योश्षतुर्वि भागस्य दुःखस्य च सुखस्य च

English

She is a wife who speaks kindly; he is a son in whom there is joy; that is a friend in whom there is trust; that is a country where one can live.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वेषामेव रुद्राणां शूलपाणिरिति श्रुति:

English

He is a king of harsh rule where there is compulsion by force; and there is no connection with one who wishes to be poor.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समस्त रुद्रोंके अधीश्वर हुए। ऐसा सुना जाता है

English

Wife, country, friends, sons, relatives and kinsmen: all this belongs to a king who is virtuous and whose guide is dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रजानामधिपं श्रेष्ठ सर्वधर्मभूतामपि

English

The subjects of a king ignorant of dharma go to ruin for lack of restraint; a king, careful and protecting, is the root of the three aims.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दण्डं धर्मस्य गोप्तारं विष्णवे सत्कृतं ददौ

English

Having taken a sixth part as tribute, he should apply that tribute; a king who does not protect his subjects well is a thief.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मरक्षक भगवान् विष्णुका सत्कार करके उन्हें वह दण्ड समर्पित किया

English

The king who himself gives assurance of safety and does not make it good properly gets sin from all the world; with an unrighteous mind he goes to hell.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रादादिन्द्रमरीचि भ्यां मरीचिर्भुगवे ददौ

English

The king who, having given assurance, always makes it good, protecting his subjects by dharma, is to be known as the maker of all happiness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋषयो लोकपालेभ्यो लोकपाला: क्षुपाय च

English

Father, mother, teacher, protector, fire, Vaishravana and Yama: these seven qualities of a king, Manu the lord of creatures has declared.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न विद्यते राज्यसुखं हानुत्तमम्

English

For a king is the father of the realm, and merciful to his subjects; when he is falsely led, man goes to an animal birth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यतो5भिसंधाय निहन्ति शात्रवान्

English

He honours like a mother, approaches the distressed, burns the unwanted like fire, and restraining, becomes Yama.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देखा गया है, उन वीर शत्रुओंको भी कूटकौशलपूर्वक नष्ट कर सकता है

English

He lets go wealth toward the desired like Kubera the giver of wishes; as a teacher by teaching dharma, and as protector by guarding.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न दोषदर्शी पुरुष: समश्लुते

English

The king who pleases townspeople and country-folk by his virtues does not lose his kingdom, since he keeps to virtue and dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनुष्य विशिष्ट सम्पत्ति, महान् यश और प्रचुर धन नहीं पा सकता

English

Knowing for himself the doings of townspeople and country-folk, that king rejoices happily in this world and the next.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तदेव सुस्निग्धमुदाहरेद् बुध:

English

He whose subjects are ever agitated, oppressed by the burden of taxes, and ruined by misfortunes, goes to defeat.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दूसरोंके सामने उसका उदाहरण दें

English

The king whose subjects flourish like a great lotus in a lake shares in the fruit of all sacrifices and is honoured in the world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वो हि लोको नृप धर्ममूल:

English

War with the strong, king, is in no way praised; for one at war with the strong, where is kingdom, where happiness?'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

ईश्वरश्न महादण्डो दण्डे सर्व प्रतेष्ठितम्

English

[Bhishma said:] "Having spoken thus, the she-bird, taking leave of King Brahmadatta, went to the direction she wished.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यक्षरक्ष:पिशाचानां साध्यानां च विशेषत:

English

This is what was said by Brahmadatta with Pujani, told by me, best of the Bharatas; what else do you wish to hear?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुत्रेभ्य: श्राद्धदेवस्तु सूक्ष्मधर्मार्थकारणात्

English

of the scriptures O monarch, the king should Study friends and foes. O thou of great liberality, thou shouldst avoid all those evil practices that are called Vyasanas. It is not necessary that thou shouldst never indulge in them. What, however, is needed is that thou shouldst not be attached to them. He that is attached to those practices is prevailed over by everyone. The king who cherishes no love for his people inspires the latter with anxiety. The king should always bear himself towards his subjects as a mother towards the child of her womb. Hear, O monarch, the reason why this becomes desirable. As the mother, disregarding those objects that are most cherished by her, seeks the good of her child alone, even so, without doubt, should kings conduct themselves (towards their subjects). The king that is righteous, O foremost one of Kuru's race, should always behave in such a manner as to a old what is dear to him, for the sake of doing that which would benefit his people. Thou shouldst not ever, O son of Pandu, abandon fortitude. The king that is possessed of fortitude and who is known to inflict chastisement on wrong- doers, has no cause of fear. O foremost of speakers, thou shouldst not indulge in jests with thy servants. O tiger among kings, listen to the faults of such conduct. If the master mingles too freely with them, dependents begin to disregard him. They forget their own position and most truly transcend that of the master. Ordered to do a thing, they hesitate, and divulge the master's secrets. They ask for things that should not be asked for, and take the food that is intended for the master. They go to the length of displaying their wrath and seek to outshine the master. They even seek to predominate over the king, and accepting bribes and practising deceit, obstruct the business of the state. They cause the state to rot with abuses by falsifications and forgeries. They make love with the female guards of the palace and dress in the same style as their master. They become so shameless as to indulge in eructations and the like, and expectorate in the very presence of their master, O tiger among kings, and they do not fear to even speak of him with levity before others. If the king becomes mild and disposed to jest, his servants, disregarding him, ride on steeds and elephants and cars as good as the king's, l His counsellors, assembled in court, openly indulge in such speeches as: 'This is beyond thy power. This is a wicked attempt.' If the king becomes angry, they laugh; nor are they gladdened if favours be bestowed upon them, though they may express joy for other reasons. They disclose the secret counsels of their master and bruit his evil acts. Without the least anxiety they set at naught the king's commands. If the king's jewels, or food, or the necessaries of his bath, or unguents, be not forthcoming, the servants, in his very presence, do not show the least anxiety. They do not take what rightfully belongs to them. On the other hand, without being content with what has been assigned to them, they appropriate what belongs to the king. They wish to sport with the king as with a bird tied with a string, And always give the people to understand that the king is very intimate with them and loves them dearly. If the king becomes mild and disposed to jest, O Yudhishthira, these and many other

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेजस्वी दण्ड सबको मर्यादाके भीतर रखता है

English

[Bhishma said:] "Well, I shall tell you the policy for calamities, Bharata: how a king should act in time, even setting aside compassion.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परंतु इन तीनोंका मूल कारण है संकल्प और संकल्प है विषयरूप

English

Here too they cite this ancient tale, the dialogue of Bharadvaja with the king Shatrutapa.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आड्रिष्ठोडथ पप्रच्छ कृत्वा समयपर्ययम्

English

The king Shatrutapa, great chariot-warrior of the Sauviras, approached Kanika and asked about the determination of ends.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जीवेच्च यदपध्वस्तस्तच्छुद्ध मरणं भवेत्

English

'How may one desire what is not yet gained, how is the gained increased, how should the increased be protected, and how the protected be applied?'

हिन्दी अर्थ

वह सब सुनना चाहता हूँ

English

Asked for the settled meaning, the brahmana, who had determined the matter, spoke these words, reasoned and apt in reply.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उससे भी बढ़कर राजलक्ष्मीको यदि तुम पाना चाहते हो तो शीलवान् बनो

English

'One should ever have the rod raised, ever display manliness, be without flaw, yet see the flaws of others, and follow their weak points.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शीलवानोंके लिये संसारमें कुछ भी असाध्य नहीं है

English

People are greatly alarmed by one who ever has the rod raised; therefore one should restrain all beings by the rod alone.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इस पृथ्वीका राज्य प्राप्त किया था

English

So indeed the wise who see the truth praise it; therefore among the four, the rod is called chief.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुष्टानां निग्रहो दण्डो हिरण्यं बाह्मुत: क्रिया

English

When the root of a support is cut, all who live by it are destroyed; how could branches remain when the tree's root is cut?

हिन्दी अर्थ

कदापि उचित नहीं है

English

The wise man should cut the root of the enemy's side first; then he should pursue the allies and the whole party.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अग्नेर्जागर्ति वरुणो वरुणाच्च प्रजापति:

English

Good counsel, good valour, good fighting and good flight, he should practise at the times of calamity, without hesitating.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्माच्च ब्रह्मुण: पुत्रो व्यवसाय: सनातन:

English

He should be humble in word alone, while at heart like a razor; speaking gently at first, he should avoid desire and anger.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ओषध्यस्तेजसस्तस्मादोषधीभ्यश्ष् पर्वता:

English

In a task shared with a rival, having made an alliance, one should not trust; the shrewd man, his work done, should quickly withdraw.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जागर्ति निर्क्रतिर्देवी ज्योतींषि निर्क्रतरपि

English

An enemy in the form of a friend he should soothe with conciliation alone, and always be wary of him, as of a snake that has entered the house.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रह्मा पितामहस्तस्माज्जागर्ति प्रभुरव्यय:

English

One whose understanding is slighted should be soothed with the past; the dull-witted with the future; the wise with the present.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विश्वेदेवा: शिवाच्चापि विश्वेभ्यश्ष॒ तथर्षय:

English

With folded hands, oaths, conciliation, bowing with the head, and even shedding tears, one desiring prosperity should act.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देवेभ्यो ब्राह्मणा लोके जाग्रतीत्युपधारय

English

He should carry the enemy on his shoulder until the time turns; then, when the time comes, he should break him like a pot on a stone.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्व संक्षिपते दण्ड: पितामहसमप्रभ:

English

Even for a moment, king of kings, let one blaze like a brand of tinduka wood; a man should not smoulder long like a husk-fire without flame.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ईश्वर: सर्वलोकस्य महादेव: प्रजापति:

English

One should not deal in wealth with the useless and ungrateful; wealth can be enjoyed, but one whose task is done despises you; therefore make all tasks leave something remaining.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यह सर्वलोकेश्वर महादेवका स्वरूप है। यही समस्त प्रजाओंका पालक है

English

Of the cuckoo, the boar, Meru, the empty house, the beast of prey, and the painted pattern, whatever is best, one should take up.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कपर्दी शड्करो रुद्र: शिव: स्थाणुरुमापति:

English

Rising again and again, ever diligent, one should go to the enemy's houses and ask after his welfare, even if all is not well.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भूमिपालो यथान्यायं वर्तेतानेन धर्मवित्

English

The idle do not gain wealth, nor the weak, nor the proud, nor those afraid of public talk, nor those who always wait.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इसके द्वारा न्यायोचित बर्ताव करे

English

Let the enemy not know his weak point, but let him know the enemy's; let him hide his limbs like a tortoise, and guard his own opening.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नियन्ता सर्वलोकस्य धर्माक्रान्तस्थ भारत

English

Let him ponder matters like a heron, strike like a lion, snatch like a wolf, and spring like a hare.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसके सम्बन्धमें जितनी बातें हैं, उन्हें मैंने तुम्हें बता दीं

English

Drink, dice, women, hunting, and song and music: these one should use with moderation, for attachment to them has fault.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्योन्यं चानुषज्जन्ते वर्तन्ते च पृथक् पृथक्

English

One should make a bow of reeds, lie down like a deer, be blind at the time of blindness, and even resort to deafness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कालप्रभवसंस्थासु सज्जन्ते च त्रयस्तदा

English

The shrewd man, having reached the right place and time, should show valour; for valour past place and time is fruitless.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संकल्पमूलास्ते सर्वे संकल्पो विषयात्मक:

English

Having weighed right and wrong time, his own strength and weakness, and knowing each side's strength, he should engage himself accordingly.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मूलमेतत् त्रिवर्गस्य निवृत्तिमोक्ष उच्यते

English

The king who does not restrain an enemy who has come under the rod embraces death, as a mule her foetus.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कामका मूल है, इससे निवृत्त होना ही “मोक्ष” कहा जाता है

English

Let him be richly flowering yet fruitless, or fruitful yet hard to climb; raw yet seeming ripe, and yet not crumbling for anyone.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बतायी जाती है तथा कामका फल है रति। वे सभी रजोगुणमय हैं

English

Let him make his hope last long, and join it with obstruction; let him state the obstruction by a pretext, and the pretext by a reason.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विमुक्तस्तपसा सर्वान् धर्मादीन् कामनैष्ठिकान्

English

One should make provision as if afraid while the danger has not come; but seeing the danger arrived, strike like one unafraid.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करके ही इन सब धर्म, अर्थ और कामका सेवन करना चाहिए

English

A man does not see good things without taking up a risk; but having taken the risk, if he lives, he sees them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बुद्धयाबुद्धिरिहार्थे न तदज्ञाननिकृष्टया

English

One should foresee what has not come, restrain the danger that has come, and again consider what has come about from growth and decay.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

दोनोंका फल सुलभ नहीं होता

English

To forgo present pleasure when the time is at hand and to hope for pleasure yet to come is not the way of the wise.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सम्प्रमोदमल: कामो भूय: स्वगुणवर्जित:

English

He who makes an alliance with an enemy and sleeps happily, trusting, is like one asleep at the top of a tree, who wakes only when fallen.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कामन्दकस्य संवादमाड्रिष्ठस्थ चो भयो:

English

By whatever deed, mild or harsh, one should lift up one's distressed self here; when able, one should practise dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इतिहास सुनाया करते हैं

English

Those who are rivals of his rivals he should draw to himself; and he should know the spies placed by others against himself.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आंगरिष्ठने प्रश्नके उपयुक्त समय देखकर पूछा--

English

Spies should be well posted, for himself and against the other; he should send heretics, ascetics and the like into the enemy's realm.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पश्चात्ताप होने लगे तो उसके उस पापको दूर करनेके लिये कौन-सा प्रायश्चित्त है?

English

In gardens, pleasure-grounds, drinking-halls, lodgings, taverns, brothels, holy places and assemblies,

हिन्दी अर्थ

त॑ चापि प्रथितं लोके कथं राजा निवर्तयेत्

English

sinful spies who feign dharma are thorns of the world and gather there; knowing them, he should restrain them and even pacify them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोकविख्यात सम्मानित पुरुषको राजा किस प्रकार उस अधर्मसे दूर हटावे?

English

One should not trust the untrustworthy, nor even trust the trusted; fear follows the trusting; one should not trust without testing.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स धर्मार्थिपरित्यागात् प्रज्ञानाशमिहा्च्छति

English

Having made the other trust, by a reason that is real, one should strike at him in time when his foot has slipped a little.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सेवन करता है, उन दोनोंके त्यागसे उसकी बुद्धि नष्ट हो जाती है

English

One should suspect even what is beyond suspicion, and ever suspect the suspected; for fear born of suspicion cuts even the root.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मान्नास्तिकता चैव दुराचारश्न॒ जायते

English

With attentiveness, silence, ochre robes, matted locks and deerskins, having made a hater trust you, you should pounce on him as a wolf does.

हिन्दी अर्थ

घरमें रहनेवाले सर्पकी भाँति उस राजासे उद्विग्न हो उठती है

English

Whether son, brother, father or friend, those who obstruct one's purpose, though they increase one's prosperity, are to be slain.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः संशयमाप्रोति तथा वध्यत्वमेति च

English

Even a teacher who is puffed up, who does not know what should and should not be done, and who has taken the wrong path, is properly ruled by the rod.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हाथसे मारा भी जाता है

English

By rising to greet and saluting, by giving, one may become the slayer of someone's abundance, like a bird with a sharp beak.

हिन्दी अर्थ

होकर भी वह जीता है तो वह जीवन भी स्पष्टरूपमें मरण ही है

English

Without cutting the vital parts of others, without doing a dreadful deed, without killing, like a fisherman, one does not gain supreme fortune.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सेवितव्या त्रयी विद्या सत्कारो ब्राह्मणेषु च

English

By birth there is no such thing as an enemy, and no friend exists; friends and enemies are born from the conjunction of capability.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणांश्वापि सेवेत क्षमायुक्तान् मनस्विन:

English

He should never release an enemy, even one who speaks piteously; he should not cause him pain there, but should slay one who has done harm before.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मान्वितान् सम्प्रविशेद् बहि: कृत्वेह दुष्कृतीन्

English

Effort should always be made, without envy, in gathering and favouring; and restraint too should be practised with effort by one desiring prosperity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तवास्मीति ददेन्नित्यं परेषां कीर्तयन् गुणान्

English

About to strike, one should speak pleasantly; having struck, one should speak more pleasantly still; having cut off his head, one may weep or even grieve.

हिन्दी अर्थ

और सबसे यही कहे--मैं आपका ही हूँ---आप मुझे अपना ही समझें

English

One should invite with conciliation, honour and patience; hope is the cause; this is what one desiring prosperity should do.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करो। गुरुजनोंकी कृपासे तुम परम कल्याणके भागी होओगे

English

One should not make dry enmity, nor cross a river with one's arms; chewing a cow's horn is useless and shortens life: the teeth are worn and no juice is obtained.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्रयोविंशत्यधिकशततमो ध्याय:

English

In the three aims of life there are three kinds of affliction and three consequences; knowing the consequence and the killing, one should avoid affliction.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मस्य शीलमेवादौ ततो मे संशयो महान्

English

A remaining debt, a remaining fire and a remaining enemy grow again and again, even if small, when not checked.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रोतुमिच्छामि तत् सर्व यथैतदुपलभ्यते

English

A debt that grows and enemies that are scorned bring severe misfortune, as do diseases that are neglected.

हिन्दी अर्थ

किंलक्षणं च तत् प्रोक्तं ब्रूहि मे वदतां वर

English

One should not be one who acts improperly; he should always be watchful; even a thorn badly removed causes trouble for long.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पितामह! उसका क्या लक्षण बताया गया है? यह मुझसे कहिये

English

By the killing of men, by fouling the roads, and by the destruction of mines, one should ruin an enemy's realm.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आखेयातं॑ तप्यमानेन श्रियं दृष्टवा तथागताम्

English

With the sight of a vulture, the stillness of a heron, the doings of a dog and the prowess of a lion, unagitated, wary like a crow, he should act as a serpent acts.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुर्योधनस्तदा55सीन: सर्व पित्रे न्यवेदयत्

English

He should guard his ministers against the secret overtures of the heads of guilds, against the appeals of favourites, and against division and combination.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अब्रवीत् कर्णसहितं दुर्योधनमिदं वच:

English

"He is mild," they despise him; "he is sharp," they are alarmed; let him be sharp at the time for sharpness, and mild at the time for mildness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्र॒ुत्वा त्वामनुनेष्यामि यदि सम्यग् भविष्यति

English

With mildness one kills the very mild, with mildness one kills the dreadful; nothing is impossible by mildness; therefore mildness is the sharper.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चाहता हूँ, सुनकर यदि उचित होगा तो तुम्हें समझानेका प्रयत्न करूँगा

English

He who is mild in season and dreadful in season accomplishes his tasks and stands over his enemies.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आजानेया वहन्त्यश्वा: केनासि हरिण: कृश:

English

One at enmity with a wise man should not trust, thinking "I am far away"; the arms of the intelligent are long, with which, when harmed, he harms.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अश्वांस्तित्तिरकल्माषान् वस्त्राणि विविधानि च

English

One should not cross what one cannot reach the far shore of, nor take what the other would take back, nor dig what one cannot dig up the root of, nor slay him whose head one cannot bring down.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विशिष्टां वा नरव्यात्र शीलवान् भव पुत्रक

English

Thus has been said what is bound up with crooked conduct; a man should not act in this way; but how could he not hear what is applied by others? Hence it was told by me, wishing your good.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

न हि किंचिदसाध्यं वै लोके शीलवतां भवेत्

English

Having heard the words, beneficial and duly spoken, from the brahmana, the king of the Sauviras acted accordingly, with an undismayed mind, and enjoyed blazing fortune with his kinsmen."