Shanti Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

वर्तमानेन वर्तेयं तत् क्षिप्रं संविधीयताम्

English

Vaisampayana said, "Hearing the words of the Island-born Rishi and seeing Dhananjaya angry, Yudhishthira, the son of Kunti, saluted Vyasa and made the following answer.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सायंकालिक सूर्यके समान प्रकाशित होते हैं

English

The revered Vishalaksha, the great ascetic Kavya (Shukra), the thousand-eyed Mahendra, and Manu son of Prachetas,

हिन्दी अर्थ

मानसादपि दु:खाद्धि शारीरं बलवत्तरम्

English

the revered Bharadvaja, and the sage Gaurashiras, authors of the science of kings, devoted to Brahmanas and expounders of Brahma,

हिन्दी अर्थ

आपके पिताके वरदानका ही प्रभाव है, मेरा नहीं

English

all praise protection alone as the dharma, best of upholders of dharma, lotus-eyed; and hear the means of kings in this.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कि पुन: शरसंघातैश्षित्तस्य तव पार्थिव

English

Spies and the stationing of agents, giving at the proper time without envy, taking by proper method and not taking by improper method, Yudhishthira,

हिन्दी अर्थ

तो कहना ही क्या है?

English

gathering the good, valour, skill, truth, welfare of the subjects, splitting the enemy's side by uprightness and crookedness,

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपदेष्टूं भवान् शक्तो देवानामपि भारत

English

not abandoning the good, sustaining those of good family, accumulating what is to be accumulated, serving the wise,

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्व तज्ज्ञानवृद्धस्य तव भीष्म प्रतिष्ठितम्

English

ever cheering the troops, attending to the subjects, untiring in affairs, and increasing the treasury,

हिन्दी अर्थ

वर्तमान सब कुछ प्रतिष्ठित है

English

guarding the city, not trusting, dividing the city's combinations, and attending to old houses and those in distress.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अभ्यषिज्चन्महीपालान क्षत्रियान् वीर्यसम्मतान्

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'This earthly sovereignty and the diverse enjoyments (appertaining thereto) fail to give any joy to my heart. On the other hand, this poignant grief (consequent upon the loss of my kinsmen) is eating away its core. Hearing the lamentations of these women who have lost their heroic husbands and children, I fail to attain peace, O sage!'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

दिश: प्रकाशन् भगवानिवार्क:

English

Vaisampayana continued, "Thus addressed, the virtuous Vyasa that foremost of all persons conversant with Yoga, possessed of great wisdom and intimately acquainted with the Vedas, said unto Yudhisthira (the following words).

हिन्दी अर्थ

दिशाओंमें प्रकाश फैलाते हुए शीघ्रतापूर्वक आगे बढ़ते चले गये

English

"Vyasa said, 'No man can acquire anything by his own acts or by sacrifices and worship. No man can give anything to a fellow man. Man acquires everything through Time. The Supreme Ordainer has made the course of Time the means of acquisition. By mere intelligence or study of the scriptures, men, if Time be unfavourable, cannot acquire any earthly possession. Sometimes an ignorant fool may succeed in winning wealth. Time is the efficacious means for the accomplishment of all acts. During times of adversity, neither science, nor incantations, nor drugs, yield any fruits. In times, however, of prosperity, those very things, properly applied, become efficacious and bear success. By Time the winds blow violently: by Time the clouds become rain-charged; by Time tanks become adorned with lotuses of different kinds; by Time trees in the forest become decked with flowers. By Time nights become dark or lighted. By Time the Moon becomes full. If the Time for it does not come, trees do not bear flowers and fruits. If the Time for it does not come, the currents of rivers do not become fierce. Birds and snakes and deer and elephants and other animals never become excited when the Time for it does not come. If the Time for it does not come, women do not conceive. It is with Time that winter, and summer, and the rainy season come. If the Time for it does not come, no one is born and no one dies. If the Time does not come, the infant does not acquire power of speech. If the Time does not come, one does not acquire youth. It is with Time that the seed sown puts forth its sprouts. If the Time does not come, the Sun does not appear above the horizon, nor, when the Time for it does not come, does he repair to the Asta hills. If the Time for it does not come, the Moon does not wax nor wane, nor the ocean, with its high billows, rise and ebb. In this connection is instanced the old story recited, O Yudhishthira, by king Senajit in grief. The irresistible course of Time affects all mortals. All earthly things, ripened by Time, suffer destruction. Some, O king, slay some men. The slayers, again, are slain by others. This is the language of the world. Really, however, no one stays and no one is slain. Some one thinks men slay (their fellow- men). Another thinks men do not slay. The truth is that the birth and destruction of all creatures have

हिन्दी अर्थ

विस्मयं परमं गत्वा प्रत्युवाच जनार्दनम्

English

Brihaspati declared exertion the root of kings' dharma; hear from me the verses on this:

हिन्दी अर्थ

युधिष्ठिरको बड़ा आश्चर्य हुआ। वे भगवान् श्रीकृष्णसे बोले--

English

By exertion the nectar was won; by exertion the asuras were slain; by exertion Mahendra gained pre-eminence here and in heaven.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जिन्होंने क्रोध करके यह सारी पृथ्वी क्षत्रियोंसे सूनी कर दी

English

A man steady in exertion overcomes those steady in speech; those steady in speech wait on one steady in exertion.

हिन्दी अर्थ

छिपे हुए थे और गाय, समुद्र, लंगूर, रीछ तथा वानरोंद्वारा उनकी रक्षा हुई थी

English

A king lacking exertion, even though wise, is always open to attack by enemies, as a venomless snake is.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यत्र कर्मेदृशं धर्म्य द्विजेन कृतमित्युत

English

An enemy is not to be scorned, even if weak, by the strong; fire, though small, burns, and a little poison kills.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जम्मतुर्यत्र गाड़ेयः शरतल्पगत: प्रभु:

English

An enemy raised even with a single horse, resting on a fort, torments this or that country even of a prosperous king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वरश्मिजालसंवीतं सायंसूर्यसमप्रभम्

English

What is the king's secret word, for victory and for the gathering of the world, what is crooked in his heart and what is for a reason,

हिन्दी अर्थ

देशे परमधर्मिष्ठे नदीमोघवतीमनु

English

and what is his deed of fault, is held with uprightness alone; for deceiving the world he should practise a most righteous conduct.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चत्वार: पाण्डवाश्वैव ते च शारद्वतादय:

English

Kingship is a very great system, hard to bear for the unrefined; it cannot be borne by a gentle man, a supreme station of blows.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एकीकृत्येन्द्रियग्राममुपतस्थुर्महामुनीन्

English

Kingship is always a flesh-meal (all prey), borne here by uprightness; therefore one should always act with a mixture, Yudhishthira.

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यासादीनृषिमुख्यांश्व गाज़ेयमुपतस्थिरे

English

Even if misfortune comes to him while protecting, that too is his great dharma; for kings are so conducted.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गड़ानन्दन भीष्मको मस्तक झुकाया

English

This is a portion of the duties of kings described to you; ask me where you have further doubt, best of speakers."

हिन्दी अर्थ

परिवार्य ततः सर्वे निषेदु: पुरुषर्षभा:

English

Then the revered Vyasa, Devasthana with Ashma, Vasudeva, Kripa, Satyaki and Sanjaya,

हिन्दी अर्थ

उन्हें चारों ओरसे घेरकर बैठ गये

English

delighted, with faces as if swelling, said "Well done, well done," and praised Bhishma, tiger among men, best of upholders of dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

किंचिद् दीनमना भीष्ममिति होवाच केशव:

English

Then the best of the Kurus, dejected, with eyes full of tears, softly touching his feet, said to Bhishma:

हिन्दी अर्थ

कच्चिन्न व्याकुला चैव बुद्धिस्ते वदतां वर

English

"Tomorrow I shall ask about my doubts, grandsire; the sun too is setting, having drunk the earth's savour."

हिन्दी अर्थ

आपकी बुद्धि व्याकुल तो नहीं हुई है?

English

Then Keshava, Kripa, and those Yudhishthira and others, circumambulating the son of the great river, joyfully mounted their chariots.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसे सहना कठिन हो जाता है

English

And bathing in the Drishadvati, of good vows, having performed the water-rite and recited auspicious prayers, scorchers of foes, duly performing the twilight, they entered the city of Gajahvaya.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विदितस्ते महाप्राज्ञ त्वं हि धर्ममयो निधि:

English

been ordained to happen in consequence of their very nature. Upon the loss of one's wealth or the death of one's wife or son or sire, one cries out, saying 'Alas, what grief!' and dwelling upon that sorrow always enhances it. Why do you, like a foolish person, indulge in grief? Why do you grieve for them that are subject to grief? 1 Behold, grief is increased by indulgence as fear is by yielding to. This body even is not mine. Nothing in this earth is mine. Or, the things of this earth belong as much to others as to me. The wise, seeing, this, do not suffer themselves to be deluded. There are thousands of causes for sorrow, and hundreds of causes for joy. These

हिन्दी अर्थ

दशाहईकुलकी वृद्धि करनेवाले प्रभो! आप मुझपर पूर्णरूपसे प्रसन्न हो जाइये

English

Reaching Kurukshetra and approaching the blameless Bhishma, asking the best of chariot-warriors, Gangeya, of the night's comfort,

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्यासका कष्ट भी नहीं रहेगा

English

saluting Vyasa and the other sages and welcomed by them all, they sat around Bhishma, surrounding him.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नहीं देखा जाता था जो अहितकर और अनिष्टकारक हो

English

Then King Yudhishthira, greatly radiant, king of dharma, with joined palms, having honoured and saluted Bhishma, said:

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रमान्विता मृगपतयो गुहा इव

English

"This word 'king, king' that is current, Bharata—how did this arise? Tell me that, grandsire.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं स्वस्तिवाचन कराया

English

With equal hands, head and neck, of equal intellect, senses and self, of equal joy and sorrow, equal back, arms and belly,

हिन्दी अर्थ

रथस्था: संविदं कृत्वा सुखां पृष्टवा च शर्वरीम्

English

of equal semen, bone and marrow, equal flesh and blood, equal inhaling and exhaling, with equal life and body,

हिन्दी अर्थ

बाणशब्यापर सो रहे थे, उस समय वहाँ नारद आदि सिद्ध महर्षि भी पधारे थे

English

equal in birth and death, equal in all qualities of men—how does one rule over the more intelligent and the brave?

हिन्दी अर्थ

नान्यस्तु देवकीपुत्राच्छक्त: प्रष्हें पितामहम्

English

How does one guard the whole earth, thronged with heroes, brave men and nobles, and how does the world desire his favour?

हिन्दी अर्थ

कब होता है? ये सारी बातें आपको ज्ञात हैं; क्योंकि आप धर्मके प्रचुर भण्डार हैं

English

every day affect the ignorant only, but not him that is wise. These, in course of Time, become objects of affection or aversion, and appearing as bliss or woe revolve (as if in a wheel) for affecting living creatures. There is only sorrow in this world but no happiness. It is for this that sorrow only is felt. Indeed, sorrow springs from that affliction called desire, and happiness springs from the affliction called sorrow. Sorrow comes after happiness, and happiness after sorrow. One does not always suffer sorrow or always enjoy happiness. Happiness always ends in sorrow, and sometimes proceeds from sorrow itself. He, therefore, that desires eternal happiness must abandon both. When sorrow must arise upon the expiration of happiness, and happiness upon the expiration of sorrow, one should, for that, cast off, like a (snake-bit) limb of one's body, that from which one experiences sorrow or that heart-burning which is nurtured by sorrow or that which is the root of his anxiety. \_ Be it happiness or sorrow, be it agreeable or disagreeable, whatever comes should be borne with an unaffected heart. O amiable one, if thou abstainest, in even a slight measure, from doing what is agreeable to your wives and children, thou shalt then know who is whose and why so and for what. They that are highly stupid and they that are masters of their souls enjoy happiness here. They however, that occupy an intermediate place suffer misery. This, O Yudhishthira, is what Senajit of great wisdom said, that person who was conversant with what is good or bad in this world, with duties, and with happiness and misery. He who is grieved at other people's griefs can never be happy. There is no end of grief, and grief arises from happiness itself. Happiness and misery, prosperity and adversity, gain and loss, death and life, in their turn, wait upon all creatures. For this reason the wise man of tranquil soul should neither be elated with joy nor be depressed with sorrow. To be engaged in battle has been said to be the Sacrifice for a king; a due observance of the science of chastisement is his Yoga; and the gift of wealth in sacrifices in the form of Dakshina is his Renunciation. All these should be regarded as acts that sanctify him. By governing the kingdom with intelligence and policy, casting off pride, performing sacrifices, and looking at everything and all persons with kindness and impartiality, a high-souled king, after death, sports in the region of the gods. By winning battles, protecting his kingdom, drinking the Soma juice, advancing his subjects, wielding judiciously the rod of Chastisement, and casting off his body at last in fight, a king enjoys happiness in heaven. Having studied all the Vedas and the other scriptures duty, having protected the kingdom properly, and having caused all the four orders to adhere to their respective duties, a king becomes sanctified and finally sports in heaven. He is the best of kings whose conduct, even after his death, is applauded by the inhabitants of city and country and by his counsellors and friends."

हिन्दी अर्थ

चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य यश्नोक्तो धर्मो न सम विरुध्यते

English

I wish to hear all this truly, bull of the Bharatas; tell me as it is, best of speakers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

योगेश्वर! आपको नमस्कार है। आप ही सबके परम आधार हैं

English

This cause cannot be slight, lord of men, that the whole world submits to one, god-like."

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोक प्रस्तुत हैं जहाँसे फिर इस लोकमें नहीं आना पड़ता

English

[Bhishma said:] "Be attentive, best of men; hear everything entirely, how kingship arose in the beginning, in the Krita age.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यदा वाचोगतं सर्व तव वाचि समाहितम्

English

There was neither kingdom nor king, nor rod nor wielder of it; all subjects protected one another by dharma alone.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मकामार्थमोक्षाणां सोर्थ ब्रूयात् तवाग्रत:

English

Protecting one another by dharma, Bharata, men came to supreme distress, and then delusion entered them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आपके सामने धर्म, अर्थ, काम और मोक्षकी बात कह सकता है

English

Fallen under the sway of delusion, those men, bull among men, through bewilderment of understanding lost their dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गात्राणि चावसीदन्ति न च बुद्धि: प्रसीदति

English

When understanding was lost, men under delusion, then all fell under the power of greed, best of the Bharatas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पीड्यमानस्य गोविन्द विषानलसमै: शरै:

English

Then, laying hands on what they had not obtained, another thing arose among them, lord, named desire.

हिन्दी अर्थ

साधु मे त्वं प्रसीदस्व दाशार्हकुलवर्धन

English

Those fallen under desire were touched by passion, and, reddened, did not know what should and should not be done, Yudhishthira.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वत्संनिधौ च सीदेद्धि वाचस्पतिरपि ब्रुवन्

English

They did not give up forbidden intercourse, what should and should not be said, what is edible and not, or what is fault and non-fault.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बृहस्पतिजी भी शिथिल हो सकते हैं; फिर मेरी क्या बिसात है?

English

When this world of men was in confusion, Brahma was lost; and by the loss of Brahma, O king, dharma came to destruction.

हिन्दी अर्थ

केवलं तव वीर्येण तिष्ठामि मधुसूदन

English

When Brahma and dharma were lost, the gods fell into fear; frightened, tiger among men, they went to Brahma for refuge.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रहा है। केवल आपके प्रभावसे ही जी रहा हूँ

English

Reaching the revered grandsire of the world, all the gods, with joined palms, afflicted with sorrow, grief and fear, said:

हिन्दी अर्थ

तद् ब्रवीत्वाशु सर्वेषामागमानां त्वमागम:

English

'Revered one, the eternal Brahma that dwelt in the world of men is lost; by states such as greed and delusion fear has entered us.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रब्रूयान्मद्विध: कश्चिद् गुरौ शिष्य इव स्थिते

English

By the loss of Brahma, lord, dharma too has perished; then we have become equal with mortals, lord of the three worlds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

महावीर्ये महासत्त्वे स्थिरे सर्वार्थदर्शिनि

English

Our rain falls below, and mortals send rain upward; from the cessation of their rites we have come to doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गृहाणात्र वरं भीष्म मत्प्रसादकृतं प्रभो

English

Meditate, grandsire, on what is the best for us here; from your power that power of ours does not perish.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

है, उसके लिये आप मेरी प्रसन्नतासे दिये हुए इस “वर” को ग्रहण करें

English

Then the self-existent revered one said to all those gods: 'I shall think of what is good; let your fear go, best of gods.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रभविष्यन्ति गाड़्ेय क्षुत्पिपासे न चाप्युत

English

Then he composed, born of his own intellect, a work of a hundred thousand chapters, in which dharma, wealth and desire were described.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नच ते क्वचिदासक्त्तिुद्धेः प्रादुर्भविष्यति

English

This group was famed as the triple aim by the Self-existent himself; the fourth, liberation, is a separate aim and a separate group.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विषयमें कुण्ठित नहीं होगी

English

Another triad of liberation is declared: sattva, rajas and tamas; and the station, growth and decline; and the triad born of the rod.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रजस्तमोभ्यां रहित॑ घनैर्मुक्त इवोडुराट्

English

Self, place and time, means, task, helpers and cause: the sixfold group is held to be born of policy.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चिन्तयिष्यसि तत्राग्य्रा बुद्धिस्तव भविष्यति

English

The triple learning, logic and trade, Bharata, and the great science of the rod-policy were set forth as learnings there.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सफलतापूर्वक आगे बढ़ती जायगी

English

Protection of ministers, the stationing of agents, protection of the prince, spies and various expedients, and different kinds of stationed agents;

हिन्दी अर्थ

चक्षुर्दिव्यं समाश्रित्य द्रक्ष्यय्यमितविक्रम

English

conciliation, gifts, division and the rod, Pandava, and indifference as the fifth were set out entirely.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भीष्म द्रक्ष्यसि तत्त्वेन जले मीन इवामले

English

Counsel is fully described, and its purpose of division, the leakage of counsel and the fruit of its success and failure.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋग्यजुःसामसहितैर्वचोभि: कृष्णमार्चयन्

English

Treaty of various names, low, middle and highest, called by fear, honour and wealth, is fully described.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा सामवेदके मन्त्रोंसे भगवान् श्रीकृष्णका पूजन किया

English

The four times of marching, the expansion of the triple aim, victory joined to dharma, victory by wealth,

हिन्दी अर्थ

पपात यत्र वार्ष्णेय: सगाड़्रेय: सपाण्डव:

English

and victory by the asura method are fully described; the marks of the fivefold group are described in three kinds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शान्तायां दिशि शान्ताश्च प्रावदन् मृगपक्षिण:

English

The rod is called open and secret; the open is eightfold, the secret has many details.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दहन् वनमिवैकान्ते प्रतीच्यां प्रत्यदृश्यत

English

Chariots, elephants, horses and foot-soldiers, Pandava, forced labour, boats, spies and guides on the road, as eight;

हिन्दी अर्थ

भीष्ममामन्त्रयाज्चक्रू राजानं च युधिष्ठिरम्

English

these are the open limbs of the army, Kaurava; moving and unmoving, powders and compounds such as poisons are mentioned.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सात्यकि: संजयश्चैव स च शारद्वत: कृप:

English

In touch and in food, secret ways of many kinds are remembered; enemy, friend and neutral are also described.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उन सबको प्रणाम किया

English

All the merits of roads and of land, self-protection, reassurance, and the watching of spies,

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्वः समेष्याम इत्युक्त्वा यथेष्टं त्वरिता ययु:

English

various arrays of men, elephants, chariots and horses, formations of various names, wondrous skill in fighting,

हिन्दी अर्थ

आयाँगे” ऐसा कहकर तुरंत ही अपने-अपने अभीष्ट स्थानको चले गये

English

sallies and falls, good fighting and good retreat, knowledge of the use of weapons, bull of the Bharatas,

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रदक्षिणमुपावृत्य रथानारुरुहु: शुभान्

English

the army's misfortune and its cheering, times of oppression and assault, times of fear, Pandava,

हिन्दी अर्थ

तमृक्षवन्तं गिरिमेत्य नर्मदा

English

and the construction of ditches, the movement of yoga, the oppression of an enemy kingdom by robbers, forest tribes and the weak and fierce,

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुधावर्षी किरणों-द्वारा पुन: उनके स्वाभाविक गुणोंसे सम्पन्न कर रहे थे

English

by fire-setters and poisoners, by false agents, by negotiation with chiefs of guilds, by cutting down creepers,

हिन्दी अर्थ

याममात्रार्थशेषायां यामिन्यां प्रत्यबुद्धयत

English

by defiling elephants, by raising suspicion, by blockade, by cutting off food and roads,

हिन्दी अर्थ

अवलोक्य ततः: पश्चाद् दध्यौ ब्रह्म सनातनम्

English

the decline and growth of the realm of seven parts, the capacity of envoys, the use of yoga and the increase of the kingdom,

हिन्दी अर्थ

अस्तुवन् विश्वकर्माणं वासुदेव॑ प्रजापतिम्

English

the deception of friends situated among the enemy, rightly stated; crushing and counterstrike against the stronger,

हिन्दी अर्थ

शड्खानथ मृदज्ांश्न॒ प्रवाद्यन्ति सहस्रश:

English

very subtle administration, weeding out thorns, peace, exertion and yoga, and gathering of wealth,

हिन्दी अर्थ

सहसौरों मनुष्य शंख एवं मृदड़ बजाने लगे

English

supporting the unsupported and watching the supported, giving at the proper time for aims, and not indulging in vices,

हिन्दी अर्थ

सहास इव विस्तीर्ण: शुश्रुवे तस्य वेश्मन:

English

and the king's qualities and the qualities of the general, and the merits and faults of cause and doer,

हिन्दी अर्थ

महलका अट्टहास सब ओर फैल रहा हो

English

signs of the wicked of many kinds, the behaviour of dependants, suspicion of everyone, and the avoiding of carelessness,

हिन्दी अर्थ

उच्चेरुर्मधुरा वाचो गतिवादित्रनि:स्वना:

English

desire to obtain what is not obtained, increase of what is obtained, and giving duly to worthy recipients what has increased,

हिन्दी अर्थ

जप्त्वा गुह्ंं महाबाहुरग्नीनाश्रित्य तस्थिवान्

English

spending of wealth for dharma, for wealth, for desire, and fourth, when blows of misfortune come, are likewise described here.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गवां सहस््रेणेकैंके वाचयामास माधव:

English

Ten vices, born of anger and of desire, fierce, are mentioned here, best of the Kurus.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आदर्शे विमले कृष्णस्तत: सात्यकिमब्रवीत्

English

Hunting, dice, drink and women, bull of the Bharatas, are called by the teachers the vices born of desire, said here by the Self-existent himself.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वरूपका दर्शन किया और सात्यकिसे कहा--

English

Harshness of speech, fierceness, harshness of punishment, self-restraint, giving up and ruin of wealth are those born of anger.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भीष्मजीके दर्शनार्थ चलनेके लिये तैयार हो गये क्या?”

English

Various machines and their operations are described, crushing, counterstrike, the breaking of banners,

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपगम्य च राजानं युधिष्ठिरमभाषत

English

trampling shrine-trees, blockade, destruction of works, plunder, going and halting are described.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समीपमापगेयस्य प्रयास्यति जनार्दन:

English

Of drums, tabors, conches and kettledrums, best of warriors, and the acquisition of wealth, and the six kinds of crushing.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रीजनार्दन शीघ्र ही गड़ानन्दन भीष्मके समीप जानेवाले हैं

English

Pacification of what is obtained, honouring the good, union with the learned, knowing the morning oblation rite,

हिन्दी अर्थ

यदत्रानन्तरं कृत्यं तद् भवान् कर्तुमहति

English

auspicious touching, remedy of the body, regulation of food, and constant faith,

हिन्दी अर्थ

युज्यतां मे रथवर: फाल्गुनाप्रतिमदझ्युते

English

rising by oneself, truthfulness, sweet speech, and rites at festivals and assemblies, and banner-born (state) rites,

हिन्दी अर्थ

न च पीडयिततव्यो मे भीष्मो धर्मभूतां वर:

English

conduct in all offices, visible and invisible, bull of the Bharatas, and constant supervision,

हिन्दी अर्थ

आगच्छत्स्वथ कृष्णो5पि पाण्डवेषु महात्मसु

English

exemption of Brahmanas from punishment, applying the rod with discretion, protection by dependants from their own castes in their merits,

हिन्दी अर्थ

बलाहकं मेघपुष्पं शैब्यं सुग्रीवमेव च

English

protection of the townsfolk, increase of one's own kingdom, and the thought on the circle of states, the twelve kings, O king,

हिन्दी अर्थ

ते ग्रसन्‍त इवाकाशं वेगवन्तो महाबला:

English

and the seventy-two said by the Self-existent, the dharmas of countries, castes and families, are fully described.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भीष्मजी सुशोभित हो रहे थे

English

Dharma, wealth, desire and liberation are described here, and means and desire for wealth with various large fees.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततोवतीर्य गोविन्दो रथात् स च युधिछिर:

English

Root-work and action and the use of illusion are described here, and the defiling of streams and of still waters is described.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋषीनभ्यर्चयामासु: करानुद्यम्य दक्षिणान्

English

By whatever means the world would not stray from the noble path—all that, tiger among kings, is described in the science of policy.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अभ्याजगाम गाड़ेयं ब्रह्माणमिव वासव:

English

Having made this auspicious work, the revered lord, glad, then said to all the gods led by Shakra:

हिन्दी अर्थ

स ददर्श महाबाहुं भयाच्चागतसाध्वस:

English

'For the benefit of the world and the establishment of the triple aim, this fresh butter of Sarasvati, this wisdom, has been produced.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गाड़ेये पुरुषव्यात्रे पाण्डवै: पर्युपासिते

English

Joined to the rod, it protects the world, delighting in restraint and favour; it will go about the worlds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हतेषु सर्वसैन्येषु तन्मे शंस महामुने

English

The world is led by the rod, and the rod leads; thus it is called the policy of the rod and pervades the three worlds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आजम्मुरऋषय: सिद्धा नारदप्रमुखा नूप

English

This essence of the merits of the sixfold policy will stand ahead among the great-souled; because of the greatness of the rod, the policy has clear marks.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धृतराष्ट्रश्न कृष्णश्न भीमार्जुनयमास्तथा

English

Policy and conduct are vast, by which all this is pervaded; and the tradition of the Puranas and the births of great sages,

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्वशोचन्त गण्ड्रेयमादित्यं पतितं यथा

English

the lines of tirthas and families, of stars, Yudhishthira, the whole fourfold stage of life, and likewise the four hotri priests,

हिन्दी अर्थ

उवाच पाण्डवान् सर्वान् हतशिष्टांश्व पार्थिवान्

English

the four classes and the four Vedas are described here, and the Itihasa, the Upavedas and all logic are described.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पाण्डवों तथा मरनेसे बचे हुए अन्य नरेशोंको सम्बोधित करके कहा--

English

Austerity, knowledge, non-violence, truth and untruth, supreme policy, serving the elders, giving, purity and exertion,

हिन्दी अर्थ

अस्तमेति हि गाड़ेयो भानुमानिव भारत

English

compassion for all beings—everything is described here; whatever is the range of speech on earth is all included.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अब ये भगवान् सूर्यके समान अस्त होनेवाले हैं

English

In that science of the Grandsire, Pandava, without doubt dharma, wealth, desire and liberation are all declared.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृत्स्नान् हि विविधान् धर्मश्षातुर्वर्ण्यस्य वेत्त्ययम्

English

Then the revered Shankara first took up that policy: the many-formed, broad-eyed Shiva Sthanu, lord of Uma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनकी बातें पूछ लें; क्योंकि ये चारों वर्णोके सम्पूर्ण एवं विभिन्न धर्मोको जानते हैं

English

Knowing the decline of ages and of life, the revered Shiva then condensed the work of great meaning made by Brahma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तं शीघ्रमनुयुञ्जी ध्वं संशयान् मनसि स्थितान्

English

It was called the Vaishalaksha, and Indra received it; the great ascetic Subrahmanya condensed it into ten thousand chapters.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रष्टं चाशक्नुवन्तस्ते वीक्षांचक्रु: परस्परम्

English

The revered Purandara too condensed that work, dear one, into five thousand, which is called the Bahudantaka.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वं हि नस्तात सर्वेषां सर्वधर्मविदुत्तम:

English

Brihaspati, the lord, condensed it by his intellect into three thousand chapters; it is called the Barhaspatya.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अभिगम्य दुराधर्ष प्रव्याहारयदच्युत:

English

Kavya (Ushanas) condensed it into a thousand chapters, that teacher of yoga of immeasurable wisdom and great austerity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रीकृष्णने दुर्जय भीष्मजीके निकट जाकर इस प्रकार बातचीत की

English

Thus, in accordance with the world, this work was condensed by the great sages, knowing the diminution of the life of mortals, Pandava.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विस्पष्टलक्षणा बुद्धि: कच्चिच्चोपस्थिता तव

English

Then the gods assembled and said to Vishnu the Prajapati: 'Appoint the one who deserves pre-eminence among mortals.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

न ग्लायते च हृदयं न च ते व्याकुलं मन:

English

Then, reflecting, the revered god Narayana, the lord, created from his mind a son of splendour, free of rajas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आपके हृदयमें ग्लानि तो नहीं है? आपका मन व्याकुल तो नहीं हो रहा है?

English

But that Viraja, greatly fortunate, did not desire lordship on earth; his wisdom was devoted to renunciation, Pandava.

हिन्दी अर्थ

थकावट, विकलता, ग्लानि तथा रोग--ये सब तत्काल दूर हो गये थे

English

His son was Kirtiman, who also went beyond the five; his son was Kardama, who also practised great austerity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत् सर्वमनुपश्यामि पाणौ फलमिवार्पितम्

English

Kardama the Prajapati's son was named Ananga, a protector of subjects, good, skilled in the policy of the rod.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वर्तमान तीनों कालोंकी सभी बातें सुस्पष्टरूपसे देख रहा हूँ

English

Ananga's son, Atibala, learned in policy, obtained the kingdom of the earth, and then came under the sway of the senses.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तान् सर्वान् सम्प्रपश्यामि वरदानात् तवाच्युत

English

The daughter of Death, mind-born, named Sunitha, famed in the three worlds, bore Vena.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्त्रीसहस्रै: परिवृतं पश्यामीवोर्ध्वरेतसम्

English

Him, who did unrighteous things among the subjects, following passion and hatred, the sages, expounders of Brahma, struck down with kusha grass purified by mantras.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्यधर्मान्महावीर्याच्छूराद् धर्मेकतत्परात्

English

The sages then churned his right thigh with mantras, and from it was born a deformed, short-limbed man on earth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धनुर्वेदे च वेदे च नीत्यां चैवानुरक्षणे

English

Like a burnt stump, red-eyed and black-haired, the expounders of Brahma said to him, "Sit down."

हिन्दी अर्थ

महारथं त्वत्सदृशं न कंचिदनुशुश्रुम

English

From him came the Nishadas, cruel dwellers in hills and forests, and the other barbarians dwelling in the Vindhya by the hundred thousand.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शक्तस्त्वेकरथेनैव विजेतुं नात्र संशय:

English

Again those great sages churned his right hand, and a man arose, in form like another Indra.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नित्यं विप्रै: समाख्यातों नवमो5नवमो गुणै:

English

Armoured, with sword bound, with arrows and bow, versed in the Vedas and their limbs and master of archery,

हिन्दी अर्थ

भवतो वा गुणैर्युक्त: पृथिव्यां पुरुष: क्वचित्

English

to that best of men the whole rod-policy attached itself, O king; then Vena's son with joined palms said to those great sages:

हिन्दी अर्थ

द्वारा चराचर लोकोंकी भी सृष्टि कर सकते हैं

English

'A very subtle understanding has arisen in me, seeing dharma and wealth; what is to be done by me with it? Tell me truly.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ये हि धर्मा: समाख्याताश्षातुर्वर्ण्यस्य भारत

English

Whatever work joined to wealth you tell me, I shall do; there is no need for doubt here.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

चातुर्विद्यि च ये प्रोक्ता श्चातुर्होत्रे च भारत

English

Then the gods and the great sages said to him: 'Without fear practise where dharma is fixed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रतिलोमप्रसूतानां वर्णानां चैव य: स्मृत:

English

Casting off the liked and disliked, equal to all beings, casting far off desire, anger, greed and pride,

हिन्दी अर्थ

वेदोक्तो यश्च शिष्टोक्त: सहैव विदितस्तव

English

any man in the world who departs from dharma, you should restrain with your arms, ever looking to dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मशास्त्रं च सकल॑ नित्यं मनसि ते स्थितम्

English

And ascend the pledge by mind, deed and word: "I shall protect earthly Brahma," saying this repeatedly.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषां छेत्ता नास्ति लोके त्वदन्य: पुरुषर्षभ

English

And what is declared here in the policy of dharma and rests on the rod-policy, I shall practise without fear, never by my own will.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विमुह्यमानस्य नरस्य शान्तये

English

And promise, lord: "Brahmanas shall be exempt from punishment by me, and I shall save the world from mixture of classes," scorcher of foes.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

किंचिदुन्नाम्य वदनं प्राउ्जलिवॉाक्यमब्रवीत्

English

Vena's son then said to those gods led by the sages: 'If Brahmanas are my helpers, so be it, best of gods.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वं हि कर्ता हृषीकेश संहर्ता चापराजित:

English

"So be it," said Vena's son, told by those expounders of Brahma, and Shukra, a treasure made of Brahma, became his priest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आपकी कभी पराजय नहीं होती

English

The Valakhilyas were his ministers, the Sarasvata group, and the revered great sage Garga became his astrologer.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपवर्गोडसि भूतानां पञ्चानां परत: स्थित:

English

"Eight with himself"—this is the supreme scripture among men. Two bards, charioteer and Magadha, were born for him earlier."

हिन्दी अर्थ

योगेश्वर नमस्तेस्तु त्वं हि सर्वपरायण:

English

He made the earth level properly; for we have heard that the earth was greatly uneven.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आपके दिव्य भावोंका साक्षात्कार कर रहा हूँ

English

By the god Vishnu, by Shakra, by the gods and sages, he was consecrated by Brahma for the protection of subjects.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सप्त मार्गा निरुद्धास्ते वायोरमिततेजस:

English

The earth herself served him, Pandava, bringing jewels; the ocean, lord of rivers, and the Himalaya, best of mountains, too.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेजस्वी वायुका रूप धारण करके ऊपरके सातों लोकोंको व्याप्त कर रखा है

English

Shakra gave him inexhaustible wealth, Yudhishthira, and great Meru, the golden mountain itself, gave gold.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बिजलीसहित मेघ शोभा पा रहा है

English

And the revered Naravahana (Kubera), lord of Yakshas and Rakshasas, gave wealth fit for dharma, wealth and desire.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यच्छेय: पुण्डरीकाक्ष तद् ध्यायस्व सुरोत्तम

English

Horses, chariots, elephants and crores of men appeared by Vainya's mere thought, Pandava; there was neither old age, famine, poverty nor disease.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततो मया वर्षुर्दिव्यं त्वयि राजन् प्रदर्शितम्

English

No fear from reptiles, thieves, or from one another ever arose there, by that king's protection.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आपको अपने दिव्य स्वरूपका दर्शन कराया है

English

By him this earth was milked for seventeen kinds of grain, and for whatever was desired by Yakshas, Rakshasas and serpents.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जिसके मनमें शान्ति नहीं है, उसे मैं अपने स्वरूपका दर्शन नहीं कराता

English

By that great soul this world was made foremost in dharma, and all subjects were pleased; therefore he is called raja (king).

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्य और दानमें तत्पर रहनेवाले तथा परम पवित्र हैं

English

Because he protected (trayate) Brahmanas from wounds (kshata), he is called kshatriya; and this earth, spread out (prathita) by him, is remembered by the good as Prithvi.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तव ह्ुपस्थिता लोका येभ्यो नावर्तते पुनः

English

The eternal Vishnu himself made the establishment: "No one will transgress you, O king."

हिन्दी अर्थ

समेष्यसे भीष्म विमुच्य देहम्

English

By austerity the revered Vishnu entered the lord of the earth; the god-like (king), before whom the world bows, among gods and kings, O king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शरीरका त्याग करके अपने शुभ कर्मोंके फलस्वरूप उत्तम लोकोंमें जायँगे

English

Protected ever by the rod-policy, O lord of men, no one assailed him, from the constant sight of spies.

हिन्दी अर्थ

काष्ठां प्रपद्यन्तमुदक्पतज्भम्

English

By himself and by his instruments, for the whole earth's lord—what other cause is there for which the world should obey, but fate and merit?

हिन्दी अर्थ

नावर्तते यानुपलभ्य विद्वान्

English

From Vishnu's forehead a golden lotus arose, from which the goddess Shri was born, wife of the wise Dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समागता धर्मविवेचनाय

English

From Shri wealth arose, with dharma, Pandava; thus dharma, wealth and Shri are established in the kingdom.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्यं वचो5स्यापनुदाशु शोकम्

English

From the exhaustion of his merit, coming from heaven to earth, a king is born, dear one, following the control of the rod-policy.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रुत्वा शान्तनवो भीष्म: प्रत्युवाच कृताउ्जलि:

English

On earth a man is joined with Vishnu's greatness; he is joined to intellect and attains greatness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वचन सुनकर शान्तनुनन्दन भीष्मने दोनों हाथ जोड़कर कहा--

English

No one transgresses the establishment of the gods; the world remains under the sway of one, if he is followed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तव वाक्यमुपश्रुत्य हर्षेणास्मि परिप्लुत:

English

An auspicious deed, king of kings, is made for auspiciousness for the one, equal to the rest, in whose word this world stays.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आनन्दके समुद्रमें निमग्न हो गया हूँ

English

One who has seen his face, gentle one, follows his will and sees himself fortunate, wealthy and handsome.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वेदमयी वाणीमें प्रतिष्ठित है

English

Therefore in the world, king of kings, the wise ever say that gods and kings are equal, lord of men.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वत्तस्तन्नि:सृतं देव लोके बुद्धिमतो हि ते

English

All this has been told to you concerning the greatness of kings, entirely, best of the Bharatas; what else should proceed here?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

देशजातिकुलानां च धर्मज्ञोडस्मि जनार्दन

English

Vaisampayana said, "In this connection, the high-souled Yudhishthira said unto Arjuna these words fraught with reason. 'Thou thinkest, O Partha, that there is nothing superior to wealth, and that the poor man can neither have heaven, nor happiness, nor the acquisition of his wishes. This, however, is not true. Many persons are seen that have been crowned with success through sacrifice in the shape of Vedic study. Many sages are seen by devotion to penances to have acquired eternal regions of bliss. They, O Dhananjaya, who always observe the practices of the Rishis by betaking themselves to Brahmacharya and who become acquainted with all duties, are regarded by the gods as Brahmanas. O Dhananjaya, thou shouldst always regard those Rishis that are devoted to the study of the Vedas and those that are devoted to the pursuit of true knowledge as persons that are truly virtuous. O son of Pandu, all our acts depend upon those that are devoted to the acquisition of true knowledge, l We know this to be the opinion of the Vaikhanasas, O puissant one! The Ajas, the Prishnis, the Sikatas, O Bharata, the Arunas, and the Kitavas, have all gone to heaven through the merit of Vedic study. By performing those acts, O Dhananjaya, that are indicated in the Vedas, viz., battle, study of the Vedas, sacrifices, the restraint of passion that is so difficult, one goes to heaven by the southern path of the Sun (Dakshinayana). I have, before this, told thee that those very regions belong to persons that are observant of (Vedic) acts. Thou shalt see, however, that the northern path (Uttarayana) is travelled by those that are devoted to Yoga penances. Those eternal and bright regions to which that path leads belong to men of Yoga. Of these two, the northern path is much applauded by those conversant with the Puranas. Thou shouldst know that one acquires heaven through contentment. From contentment springs great happiness. There is nothing higher than contentment. Unto the Yogin who has controlled wrath and joy, contentment is his high praise and success. In this connection is cited the discourse by Yayati of old. Listening to that discourse one may succeed in withdrawing all his desires like a tortoise drawing in all his limbs. When one cherishes no fear of anything, when one is not feared by anything, when one cherishes no desire, when one bears no hate, then is one said to have attained to the state of Brahma. When one does not bear sinfully towards any creature, in act, thought, or word, one is then said to have attained to Brahma. When one has controlled his pride and folly, and withdrawn himself from all attachments, it is then that that pious man of irradiated soul becomes fit for attaining to that salvation which consists in the annihilation of separate existence. Listen now to me with concentrated attention, O son of Pritha, as I say it unto thee. Some desire virtue; some, good conduct; and some wealth. One may desire wealth ( as a means for the acquisition of virtue). The abandonment,

हिन्दी अर्थ

स फल सर्वपुण्यानां प्रेत्य चानुभविष्यति

English

"What are the dharmas of all classes, what separately for the four classes and the four stages of life, and what are held to be the duties of kings?

हिन्दी अर्थ

हन्त धर्मान् प्रवक्ष्यामि दृढे वाइमनसी मम

English

By what does a kingdom grow, by what does a king grow, and by what do townsfolk and servants grow, bull of the Bharatas?

हिन्दी अर्थ

यस्मिन्नेतानि सर्वाणि स मां पृच्छतु पाण्डव:

English

What kind of treasury, rod, fort, helpers, ministers, priests, household priests and teachers should a king avoid?

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा बन्धु-बान्धवोंको संग्राममें मार डालता है, उसका वह कार्य धर्म ही है

English

In whom should kings trust in any calamity, and whence should the self be firmly guarded? Tell me that, grandsire."

हिन्दी अर्थ

वक्षोंसे युक्त खूनकी नदी बहा देता है, वह धर्मका ज्ञाता है

English

"Homage to great dharma, homage to Krishna the Creator; having bowed to the Brahmanas I shall tell the eternal dharmas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्म्य स्वर्ग्य च लोक्यं च युद्ध हि मनुरब्रवीत्

English

Freedom from anger, truthful speech, sharing, forbearance, begetting offspring on one's own wives, purity and non-malice,

हिन्दी अर्थ

विनीतवदुपागम्य तस्थौ संदर्शनेडग्रत:

English

uprightness, supporting dependants: these nine are for all classes. The dharma of the Brahmana I shall tell you separately.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पास जाकर एक विनीत पुरुषके समान उनकी दृष्टिके सामने खड़े हो गये

English

Self-control, great king, they call the ancient dharma; Vedic study and teaching—in these his work is completed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

राजधर्माश्ष सकलानवगच्छामि केशव

English

however, of such desire would be better for him. l There are many faults attached to wealth and consequently to those religious acts that are performed with wealth. We have seen it with our own eyes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

केशव! इस समय मैं सम्पूर्ण राजधर्मोको भी भलीभाँति जानता हूँ

English

He should beget offspring, give and sacrifice; wealth is to be enjoyed by the good after sharing, so it is held.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तव प्रसादाद्धि शुभा मनो मे बुद्धिराविशत्

English

A Brahmana whose duty is complete by Vedic study alone may do something else or not; he is called a friend (maitra) Brahmana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दक्तुं श्रेयः समर्थो5स्मि त्वत्प्रसादाज्जनार्दन

English

The dharma of the kshatriya too I shall tell you, Bharata: a king should give and not beg, sacrifice but not officiate,

हिन्दी अर्थ

कि ते विवक्षितं चात्र तदाशु वद माधव

English

not teach, but study; protect the subjects, ever active in slaying robbers; he should show valour in battle.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथैव यशसा पूर्णे मयि को विस्मयिष्यति

English

Those kings who have sacrificed with sacrifices and are learned, and those who are conquerors in battle, are the foremost conquerors of the world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उत्तम उपदेश प्राप्त हो तो उसे सुनकर कौन आश्चर्य करेगा?

English

A kshatriya who returns from the battle with an unwounded body—the ancient sages do not praise that deed of his.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततो मे विपुला बुद्धिस्त्वयि भीष्म समर्पिता

English

The slaying of enemies is called the chief dharma of kshatriyas; for him there is no work more incumbent than the destruction of robbers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तावत् तवाक्षया कीर्तिलोकाननुचरिष्यति

English

Giving, study, sacrifice, yoga and security are prescribed; therefore a king wishing dharma especially should fight.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वेदप्रवाद इव ते स्थास्यते वसुधातले

English

Having established all subjects in their own dharmas, the lord of the earth should have all tasks done in accord with dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दत्ता यशो विप्रथयेत् कथं भूयस्तवेति ह

English

A king whose duty is complete through protection may do something else or not; he is called an Aindra kshatriya.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आपके महान् यशका इस भूतलपर विस्तार हो

English

The dharma of the Vaishya here I shall tell you, Bharata: giving, study, sacrifice, and gathering wealth by purity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्माननुयुयुक्षन्तस्ते भ्य: प्रब्रूहि भारत

English

The Vaishya, devoted, should protect all cattle as a father; any other work he might do would be a wrong deed; by protecting them he would attain great happiness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुशलो राजधर्माणां सर्वेषामपराश्च ये

English

For the Prajapati, having created animals, entrusted them to the Vaishya, and entrusted all subjects to the Brahmana and king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समस्त राजधर्मों तथा अन्य धर्मोंके ज्ञानमें भी आप कुशल हैं

English

I shall tell his livelihood and what he lives on: from six cows he may drink the milk of one, and from a hundred take a pair.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्ञातारं सर्वधर्माणां त्वां विदु: सर्वपार्थिवा:

English

In case of loss, a seventh part; and from the horn a part, from the hoof a part; for grain and all seeds, this is the yearly wage.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋषयश्चैव देवाश्न॒ त्वया नित्यमुपासिता:

English

The Vaishya should have no thought, "I will not protect cattle"; if the Vaishya wishes it, they are not to be protected by another in any way.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इसलिये आपको अवश्य ही सम्पूर्ण धर्मोका उपदेश करना चाहिए

English

The dharma of the Shudra too I shall tell you, Bharata: the Prajapati made the Shudra a servant of the classes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्म शुश्रूषमाणे भ्य: पृष्टेन च सता पुन:

English

Therefore service of the classes is prescribed for the Shudra, and by serving them he would attain great happiness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विद्वाञ्जिज्ञासमानैस्त्वं प्रत्रूहि भरतर्षभ

English

A Shudra should serve these three classes without envy, and a Shudra should never make accumulations in any way.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मोका प्रवचन करूँगा

English

For the lowly, obtaining wealth, would bring the greater under his sway; or, permitted by the king, the righteous one may do as he wishes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं प्रीतो भविष्यामि धर्मान् वक्ष्यामि चाखिलान्

English

I shall tell his livelihood and what he lives on: the Shudra is called one to be necessarily supported by the classes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

होगी और मैं सम्पूर्ण धर्मॉंका उपदेश कर सकूँगा

English

Umbrella, turban, usira, sandals and fans, used ones, are to be given to the serving Shudra.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अद्वृष्यन्नषय: सर्वे स मां पृच्छतु पाण्डव:

English

Worn-out and torn garments of the twice-born are to be given to the Shudra; that is his wealth of dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हर्षसे खिल उठे थे, वे ही पाण्डुपुत्र मुझसे प्रश्न करें

English

Any Shudra who comes to serve the twice-born, for him the knowers of dharma prescribe a livelihood; a morsel is to be given to him who has not left, and the aged and weak are to be supported.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यस्य नास्ति सम:कश्रित् स मां पृच्छतु पाण्डव:

English

A Shudra must not abandon his master in any calamity; he is to be supported even in excess when the master's wealth is lost; for a Shudra has no property of his own, his wealth being what the master takes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यस्मिन्नोजश्न तेजश्व स मां पृच्छतु पाण्डव:

English

Sacrifice is said to belong to the three classes only, Bharata; for the Shudra the mantras "Svaha" and "Namah" are prescribed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वे पाण्डुपुत्र युधिष्ठिर मुझसे प्रश्न करें

English

By those a Shudra, keeping vows, may sacrifice with the household sacrifice himself; the fee of a household sacrifice is called a vessel filled.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सम्मानयति सत्कृत्य स मां पृच्छतु पाण्डव:

English

We have heard that a Shudra named Paijavana gave a hundred thousand as fee by the Aindragna rite.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सम्मान करते हैं, वे पाण्डुपुत्र युधिष्ठिर मुझसे प्रश्न करें

English

Therefore faith in sacrifice is prescribed for all classes; for faith is a great deity and the purifier of sacrificers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समस्त सद्गुण सदा मौजूद रहते हैं, वे पाण्डुपुत्र युधिष्ठिर मुझसे प्रश्न करें

English

Brahmanas, each with their own supreme deity, in this world sacrificed with sessions for these and those eternal desires.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुर्यादधर्म धर्मात्मा स मां पृच्छतु पाण्डव:

English

Creations in the three classes are mixed by Brahmanas alone; what the gods among gods say is supreme; therefore sacrifices are performed by the classes together, not for desire.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यो ददाति सतां नित्यं स मां पृच्छतु पाण्डव:

English

A twice-born who knows the Rik, Yajus and Saman is ever to be honoured like a god; one without Rik, Yajus and Saman is an affliction of the Prajapati.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अभिशापभयाद् भीतो भवन्तं नोपसर्पति

English

Sacrifice is by thought, dear one, in all classes, Bharata; the gods do not strive against it nor do other people; therefore faith in sacrifice is prescribed for all classes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अभिशापभयादू् भीतो भवन्तं नोपसर्पति

English

The Brahmanas have their own deity and always sacrificed to the other classes thus; that great dharma, created by Brahma, was seen to please us in the three classes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उठे हैं; इसीलिये आपके निकट नहीं आते हैं

English

Therefore the classes, upright, are joined in the dharmas of their births; this is its fruit: one Saman, one Yajus, one Rik, one Brahmana; no doubt was seen among them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अर्घहिनिषुभिर्भित्त्वा भवन्तं नोपसर्पति

English

On this the ancients recite songs on sacrifice, of the Vaikhanasa sages who wished to sacrifice, king of kings:

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षत्रियाणां तथा कृष्ण समरे देहपातनम्

English

Whether the sun has risen or not, the faithful, with senses subdued, offers in the fire by dharma; faith is indeed the great cause.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रकार समरभूमिमें शत्रुओंके शरीरको मार गिराना क्षत्रियोंका धर्म है

English

What is spilled is the former, what is unspilled the latter; sacrifice has many forms and various fruits of works.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मिथ्याप्रवृत्तान् यः संख्ये निहन्याद् धर्म एव सः

English

The twice-born who knows these, established by certainty of knowledge, endowed with faith, is fit to sacrifice.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भी समराड्रणमें वध कर डालता है, वह अवश्य ही धर्मका ज्ञाता है

English

Whether a thief or a sinner or the greatest of sinners, he who wishes to sacrifice a sacrifice, they call him good.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समरभूमिमें मार गिराता है, वह निश्चय ही धर्मज्ञ है

English

The sages praise him, and that is surely good; in every way sacrifice is to be performed by all classes, so it is settled; for there is nothing equal to sacrifice in the three worlds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

महीं करोति युद्धेषु क्षत्रियो यः स धर्मवित्

English

Therefore they say it should be performed by a man without envy, relying on faith as purifier, giving according to ability."

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रसन्न किया और उनका मस्तक सूँघकर कहा--'“बेटा! बैठ जाओ”

English

It behoveth thee also to see this. He that desires wealth finds it very difficult to abandon that which should by every means be abandoned. Good deeds are very rare in those that amass riches. It is said that wealth can never be acquired without injuring others, and that, when earned, it brings numerous troubles. A person of narrow heart, setting at naught the fear of repentance, commits acts of aggression towards others, tempted by even a little wealth, unconscious all the while of the sin of Brahmanicide that he incurs by his acts. Obtaining wealth which is so difficult of acquisition, one burns with grief if one has to give a portion of it to one's servants,— with grief, that is, which is equal to what one would feet if one is actually robbed by depredators. If, on the other hand, one does not part with one's wealth, obloquy becomes one's share. One, however, that has no wealth, never becomes the subject of censure. Withdrawn from all attachments, such a person can become happy in all respects by supporting life upon what little he may obtain as alms. No one, however, can be happy by the acquisition of wealth. In this connection certain verses relating to sacrifices are recited by persons conversant with ancient scriptures. Wealth was created by the Creator for the sake of sacrifices, and man was created by him for protecting that wealth and performing sacrifices. For this, all wealth should be applied to sacrifices. It is not proper that it should be spent for the gratification of desire of enjoyment. The Creator then confers wealth upon mortals for the sake of sacrifices. Know this, O son of Kunti, thou that art the foremost of all wealthy persons! It is for this that the wise think that wealth, without doubt, is nobody's on earth. One should perform sacrifices with it and give it away with a trustful heart. One should spend (in gift) what one has acquired, and not waste or spend it in gratifying one's desire of enjoyment. What use is there in amassing wealth when such proper objects exist in which to spend it? Those persons of little understanding that give away (wealth) unto men that have swerved from the duties of their order, have to subsist hereafter for a hundred years on ordure and dirt. That men give unto the undeserving and refrain from giving unto the deserving is due to inability to discriminate between the deserving and the undeserving. For this reason the practice of even the virtue of charity is difficult. These are the two faults connected with wealth even when acquired, viz., gift to an undeserving person and abstaining from giving unto him that is deserving.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रत्रूहि भरतश्रेष्ठ त्वं हि धर्मभूतां वर:

English

"The forest-dweller, the life of alms, the householder's great stage, and the celibate student's stage are called the fourth, chosen by Brahmanas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणेभ्यो नमस्कृत्य धर्मान् वक्ष्यामि शाश्वतान्

English

Having obtained twice-born status by the rite of matted hair, having performed rites beginning with the installation of fires and studied the Veda,

हिन्दी अर्थ

निरुच्यमानान् नियतो यच्चान्यदपि वाउ्छसि

English

with wife or without, self-possessed, with senses restrained, having done his task, let him go from the householder's stage to the forest stage.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा और भी जो कुछ सुनना चाहते हो, उसका श्रवण करो

English

There, having studied the forest scriptures, the knower of dharma, a celibate, having begotten offspring, goes to union with the imperishable.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देवताओंका विधिपूर्वक पूजन तथा ब्राह्मणोंका आदर-सत्कार करे)

English

These very rites of sages who are celibate are to be done here by a wise Brahmana first, O king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आनृण्यं याति धर्मस्य लोकेन च समर्च्यते

English

For a Brahmana who has practised celibacy, authority over the life of alms is praised here for one seeking liberation.

हिन्दी अर्थ

है और सारा जगत् उसका सम्मान करता है

English

Where he sleeps when the sun sets, without fire, without home, living on what he gets, a sage, self-controlled, with senses subdued,

हिन्दी अर्थ

न हात्थानमृते हैवं राज्ञामर्थ प्रसादयेत्

English

without hope, equal to all, enjoying nothing, unchanging, the Brahmana, having reached the stage of security, goes to union with the imperishable.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनुमान्य गुरून् सर्वान् पर्यपृच्छद् युधिछिर:

English

framed according to the opinion of persons possessed of such knowledge.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करके युधिष्ठिरने समस्त गुरुजनोंकी अनुमति ले इस प्रकार प्रश्न किया

English

performance of sacrifices than to covet it for performing sacrifices. A poor man will act better by not performing sacrifices at all than by performing them with wealth acquired by the usual means.

हिन्दी अर्थ

महान्तमेतं भारं च मन्ये तद् ब्रूहि पार्थिव

English

Self-controlled, attentive in oblations to gods and ancestors, ever a giver of food to the twice-born, free of envy, a giver of all signs, and with the three fires, he should be a householder.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विशेषरूपसे वर्णन कीजिये

English

On this the great sages, of great power, recite a song of Narayana, of great meaning, joined to excess austerity; hear it as I tell it:

हिन्दी अर्थ

मोक्षधर्मक्ष विस्पष्ट: सकलोत्र समाहित:

English

Truth and uprightness, honouring guests, dharma, wealth and delight in one's wife: these pleasures are to be pursued in the world, here and hereafter—this is my view.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कि सम्पूर्ण मोक्षधर्म भी राजधर्ममें निहित है

English

Supporting sons and wives and completing the Vedas: the great sages call this the best stage of the good.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नरेन्द्रधर्मो लोकस्य तथा प्रग्रहणं स्मृतम्

English

A Brahmana who, devoted to sacrifice, dwells in the householder's life as it should be, having rightly purified the householder's livelihood, gains a pure fruit in heaven.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोकस्य संस्था न भवेत् सर्व च व्याकुलीभवेत्

English

After he leaves the body, his desires, held to be inexhaustible, attend him endlessly, with eyes, heads and mouths on every side.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संसारकी व्यवस्था ही बिगड़ जाय और सब लोग दुखी हो जाये

English

Eating alone, reciting alone, going alone, Yudhishthira, serving a single teacher, with dirt and mud on him,

हिन्दी अर्थ

राजधर्मास्तथालोक्यां निक्षिपन्त्यशुभां गतिम्

English

the celibate student, keeping vows, ever initiated, self-controlled, doing his duty without questioning the Veda, should always dwell.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्योंकि आप धर्मात्माओंमें श्रेष्ठ हैं

English

Constantly serving his teacher and bowing to him, not abstaining from the six duties yet not engaged in them everywhere,

हिन्दी अर्थ

भवन्तं हि परं बुद्धौ वासुदेवो5भिमन्यते

English

he does not act by authority, nor serve his enemy; this, dear one, is held to be the stage of the celibate student."