Shanti Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

उठ सकता। कोई डाकू किसीका नहीं होता है, यही कहना यथार्थ है रखकर किसी उत्तम उपायसे उनका या उनकी दस्युवृत्तिका अन्त कर दीजिये

English

"Bhishma continued, 'In this connection is also cited the old narrative of the verses sung by Janaka the ruler of the Videhas, who had attained to tranquillity of soul. What the monarch said was, 'Unlimited is my wealth. At the same time I have nothing, if the whole of (my kingdom) Mithila be consumed in a conflagration, I shall incur no loss.' In the connection is also cited the speech of Vodhya uttered in respect of this very topic, viz., freedom from attachments. Listen to it O Yudhishthira! Once on a time the royal son of Nahusha (Yayati) questioned the Rishi Vodhya who had, in consequence of the abandonment of desire, attained to tranquillity of soul and who had an intimate acquaintance with the scriptures. The monarch said, 'O thou of great wisdom, give me instructions about tranquillity. What is

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राप्त करानेवाला धर्म है, वह मुझे बतलाइये

English

[Bhishma said:] "Here I shall relate to you an ancient tale told by Arishtanemi to Sagara, who asked.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नारभेतेति चान्यत्र नैछ्िकी श्रूयते श्रुति: एवं स्थितस्य शास्त्रस्य दुर्विज्ञेये बलाबलम्

English

[Sagara said:] 'Brahmana, what is the highest good, having done which one enjoys happiness here? How does one not grieve or be agitated? I wish to know this.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

यज्ञो यष्टव्य इत्येव यो यजत्यफलेप्सया

English

[Bhishma said:] Thus addressed, Tarkshya, versed in all shastras, having understood the supreme wealth, spoke this good word.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नैषां सर्वेषु लोकेषु कश्चिदस्ति व्यतिक्रम: उनकी गतिका कहीं कोई अवरोध नहीं होता

English

'Happiness of liberation is happiness in the world, but the world does not understand it, attached to sons and cattle, filled with wealth and grain.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रह्निष्ठा ब्रह्मभूताश्च ब्रह्मण्येव कृतालया:

English

With attached mind and restless self he cannot be cured; bound by the snare of affection, the fool is not fit for liberation.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषां गतिं परां प्राप्य गार्हस्थ्ये कि प्रयोजनम् गृहस्थानव्यपश्रित्य नाश्रमोन्यः प्रवर्तते

English

I shall tell you the snares born of affection; hear them; they can be cut by one who knows, with an attentive head.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्ञानकी निष्ठा ही प्रदान कर सकता है

English

When you have seen your sons grown in time to youth, married and capable of livelihood, know it and wander free as you please.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं गार्हस्थ्यमाश्रित्य वर्तन्त इतराश्रमा: प्रकार गृहस्थ-आश्रमका आश्रय लेकर ही दूसरे आश्रम टिके हुए हैं

English

Know your wife, who has borne sons, who is aged, cherished and affectionate to the sons, and, considering the next world, leave her in time.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेडपत्रपन्ति तादृग्भ्यस्तथावृत्ता भवन्ति च

English

standing relying upon which thou succeedest in wandering over the world in tranquillity of soul and disengaged from all acts?'

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रवृत्त होते हैं सहैव हि गुरोर्वृत्तमनुवर्तन्ति मानवा:

English

"Vodhya said, 'I conduct myself according to the instructions of others but never instruct others myself. I shall, however, mention the indications of those instructions (according to which my conduct is framed). Thou mayst catch their spirit by reflection. My six preceptors are Pingala, the osprey, the snake, the bee in the forest, the maker of shafts (in the story), and the maiden (in the story)!' l

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वभावसे ही सदा बड़ोंके आचरणोंका अनुकरण करते हैं

English

"Bhishma continued, 'Hope is very powerful (in agitating the heart), O King! Freedom from hope is high felicity. Reducing hope to an absence of expectation, Pingala sleeps in peace. 2 Beholding an osprey with meat in his beaks, others, that have not found any meat, assail and destroy him. A certain osprey, by altogether abstaining from meat obtained felicity. To build a house for one's own self is productive of sorrow and not of happiness. The snake, taking up his residence in another creature's abode, lives in felicity. The ascetics live happily, betaking themselves to mendicancy, without being injured by any creature, like bees in the forest. A certain maker of shafts, while employed at his work, was so deeply attentive to it that he did not notice the king who passed by his side. When many are together, dispute ensues. Even when two reside together, they are sure to converse. I, however, wander alone like the anklet made of sea-shells in the wrist of the maiden in the story.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

विषयेष्विन्द्रियवशं मानवा: प्रहसन्ति तम् सर्वोपायैर्नियम्य: स तथा पापान्निवर्तते

English

The freed, fearless, roam happily in the world; the attached perish; men there perish, without doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पापकर्मसे दूर हट जाता है

English

Ants and worms that store food are unattached, happy in the world; the attached are the ones who perish.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वर्धन्ते तत्र पापानि धर्मो हसति च ध्रुवम् इति चैवानुशिष्टो 5स्मि पूर्वस्तात पितामहै:

English

With one seeking liberation, no concern should be had for his people: "How will these be without me?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतत् प्रथमकल्पेन राजा कृतयुगे जयेत्

English

A creature is born of itself, grows of itself, and comes to pleasure, pain and death of itself.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भवेत् कालविशेषेण कला धर्मस्य षोडशी प्रभाव पड़नेसे सम्पूर्ण धर्मकी सोलहवीं कलामात्र शेष रह जायगी

English

In food and clothing, in the care of mother and father, they get by their own making; nothing was not made before.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भूतानामनुकम्पार्थ मनु: स्वायम्भुवोडब्रवीत्

English

All beings run about on the earth in the world with food ordained by the Creator, guarded by their own deeds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सप्तषष्ट्यधिकद्विशततमो5ध्याय: यः स्यादुभयभाग्धर्मस्तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह

English

For one who is himself a lump of clay and ever dependent, what reason is there to nourish or protect his people with an undeveloped self?

हिन्दी अर्थ

अदूरसम्प्रस्थितयो: किंस्विच्छेय: पितामह कौन श्रेष्ठ है? यह बतानेकी कृपा करें

English

When death kills your own people before your eyes, even though great effort was made, you should understand it by yourself.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उभौ महाफलौ तौ तु सद्धिराचरितावुभौ

English

Even while he lives, you will leave him unfinished in his support and protection, and afterward you will die too.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरुषोंने आचरण किया है शृणुष्वैकमना: पार्थ च्छिन्नधर्मार्थसंशयम्

English

When you are dead you will in no way know whether your people are happy or sad; should it not be understood by yourself?

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्म तथा अर्थविषयक संदेहको मिटा दूँगा। तुम एकाग्रचित्त होकर सुनो

English

Whether you are dead or alive, if people are to enjoy what they have made, knowing this one should do what is good for oneself.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्ञानवान् नियताहारो ददर्श कपिलस्तथा कपिलमुनिने त्वष्टाके लिये नियुक्त हुई उस गायको देखा

English

Knowing this in this world, having settled "who is whose," set your mind on liberation and ponder it again.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सतीमशिशथिलां सत्यां वेदा३ इत्यब्रवीत् सकृत्

English

One in whom hunger, thirst and the rest, anger, greed and delusion have been conquered, the one endowed with goodness, is indeed freed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वमार्ष हि मन्यन्ते व्याहृतं विदितात्मन: का विवक्षास्ति वेदेषु निरारम्भस्य सर्वत:

English

The man who is never heedless through bewilderment in dice, drink, women and hunting is indeed freed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पृथगाश्रमिणां कर्माण्येकार्थानीति न: श्रुतम्

English

He who is tired of "food must be eaten day after day and night after night" is said to have a mind of faults.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हैं--ऐसा हमने सुन रखा है गृहस्थो ब्रह्म॒चारी च उभौ तावपि गच्छत:

English

He who ever sees, joined, the nature of the self in women, as freed again and again, rightly, is indeed freed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एषां ज्याय: कनीयस्त्वं फलेषूक्ते बलाबलम्

English

He who truly knows the origin and destruction of beings and their doings in this world is indeed freed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋते त्वागमशास्त्रेभ्यो ब्रूहि तद् यदि पश्यसि

English

He who sees travel on thousands of vehicles and for crores of reasons, and the standing on a couch in a palace, is freed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसका साक्षात्कार कर रहे हो तो उसे स्पष्ट बताओ फलं प्रकल्प्य पूर्व हि ततो यज्ञ: प्रतायते

English

He who sees the world struck by death, afflicted by disease, and wasted for lack of livelihood is freed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ग्राम्यारण्याश्नीषधय: प्राणस्यान्नमिति श्रुति:

English

He who sees, happy and content, and who, not seeing, is not struck, and who is content with little in this world, is indeed freed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लिये अन्न हैं--ऐसा श्रुतिका कथन है पशवश्चाथ धान्यं च यज्ञस्याड्रमिति श्रुति:

English

He who sees all this as fire and Soma, and is not touched by wondrous states, is indeed freed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यज्ञेषूपाकृतं विश्व प्राहुरुत्तमसंज्ञितम्

English

One to whom couch, bed and ground are alike, and rice and poor food are alike, is indeed freed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राणी हैं, उन्हें भी यज्ञके लिये नियुक्त बताया गया है स्वर्गमेवाभिकांक्षन्ते न च स्वर्गस्ततो मखात्

English

One to whom linen, kusha bark, silk, bark garments, wool and hide are alike is indeed freed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

छोड़कर और किसी साधनसे वह विशाल स्वर्गलोक सुलभ नहीं हो सकता है

English

He who sees the world as born of five elements and acts accordingly in this world is indeed freed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रद्धा और काल--ये बारह यज्ञके अंग हैं अग्निज्ञेयो गृहपति: स सप्तदश उच्यते

English

One to whom pleasure and pain, gain and loss, victory and defeat, wish and aversion, fear and agitation are equal in every way is indeed freed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आज्येन पयसा दध्ना शकृता5मिक्षया त्वचा

English

Seeing the body full of blood, urine, excrement and the accumulation of faults, rich in faults, one is freed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं प्रत्येकश: सर्व यद् यदस्य विधीयते संहृत्यैतानि सर्वाणि यज्ञ निर्वर्तयन्त्युत

English

He who sees wrinkles and grey hair, thinness, discoloration and stoop from age is freed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विधिना विधियुक्तानि धारयन्ति परस्परम् त॑ विद्वांसोडनुपश्यन्ति ब्राह्मणस्यानुदर्शनात्

English

He who sees in time the loss of manhood, the ceasing of sight, deafness and a mind of breaths is freed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनुयज्ञं जगत् सर्व यज्ञश्नानुजगत् सदा

English

He who sees sages and gods gone, and asuras who have come, from this world to the next is freed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जाता है। यज्ञके पीछे सारा जगत् और जगतके पीछे सदा यज्ञ रहता है यस्यैतानि प्रयुज्यन्ते यथाशक्ति कृतान्यपि

English

Knowing that thousands of lords of the earth, endowed with their various powers, have gone leaving the earth, one is freed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इति वेदा वदन्तीह सिद्धाक्ष परमर्षय:

English

He who sees wealth hard to get in the world and afflictions easy to get, and the sorrow of family needs, is freed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यस्मिन्नेतानि सर्वाणि भवन्तीह स वै द्विज: वही इस जगतमें द्विज कहलानेका अधिकारी है

English

Seeing the failings of children and of people, who in the world would not honour liberation?

हिन्दी अर्थ

यजतः: स्वर्गविधिना प्रेत्य स्वर्गफलं महत्

English

The man who is awake from scripture and the world, who sees everything, human life as if without essence, is indeed freed in every way.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राप्ति होती है वेदवादविदश्चैव प्रमाणमु भयं तदा

English

Hearing this word of mine, you should live as one freed, if your mind is set unwaveringly on liberation while a householder.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

अष्टषष्ट्यधिकद्धिशततमो ध्याय:

English

Hearing his words, that lord of the earth, joined with virtues born of liberation, ruled his subjects."

हिन्दी अर्थ

गार्हस्थ्यमस्य धर्मस्य मूलं य्किंचिदेजते

English

behind.' The whole compound means 'imitation of the bee in the forest.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रह्मणैव सम ते देवांस्तर्पयन्त्यमृतेषिण: देवा5पि मार्गे मुहान्ति अपदस्य पहैषिण:

English

[Yudhishthira said:] "How was the divine sage Ushanas Kavya, of great mind, ever kind to the asuras and unkind to the gods?

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनुषछिताश्चान्तवन्त इति त्वमनुपश्यसि

English

Why did he increase the energy of those of immeasurable power? And the Danavas ever bound in enmity with the best of the gods?

हिन्दी अर्थ

विनाश कर देती है

English

And how did Ushanas, of immortal splendour, gain the state of Shukra, and how did he gain prosperity? Tell me all this.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कामद्वेषाभि भूतत्वादहड्कारवशं गता: ब्रह्मस्तेना निरारम्भा दम्भभोहवशानुगा:

English

And that radiant one does not go in the middle of the sky; I wish to know this fully, grandsire."

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषां तम:ःशरीराणां तम एव परायणम्

English

[Bhishma said:] "Hear, king, attentively, all this as it is, as I have heard it before, according to my understanding, sinless one.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परां गतिमभीप्सन्तो यतय: संयमे रता: अन्यायपूर्ण बर्ताव है, वह अशास्त्रीय है, ऐसी श्रुति भी सुनी जाती है

English

This heir of Bhrigu, the sage, true to his firm vows, is kind to the asuras for a compassionate reason.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यदन्यद् वेदवादेभ्यस्तदशास्त्रमिति श्रुति:

English

Indra, and Kubera the king, lord of yakshas and rakshasas, was a powerful lord of the treasury and of the world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऐसा श्रुतिका कथन है इन्द्रियार्थाश्न भवतां समाना: सर्वजन्तुषु

English

Entering his very self, the great sage perfected in yoga, restraining the god, lord of wealth, by yoga, took away the wealth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रजनं चाप्युतान्यत्र न कथंचन विद्यते संतान गार्हस्थ्य-आश्रमके सिवा अन्यत्र किसी तरह सुलभ नहीं है

English

residing in her father's house, wished to feed secretly a number of Brahmanas. While removing the grain from the barn, her anklets, made of shells, began to jingle. Fearing discovery through that noise, she broke all her anklets except one for each hand.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शमस्योपरमो दृष्ट: प्रत्रज्यायामपण्डितै:

English

Then Kubera reported it to Shiva of immeasurable splendour, Rudra, best of gods, gentle, of many forms.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणो नाम भगवान् जन्मप्रभूति पूज्यते अविश्रम्भेषु वर्तन्ते विश्रम्भेष्वप्पसंशयम्

English

[Kubera said:] "Ushanas, of the nature of yoga, restrained me and took my wealth, and having made himself a goal by yoga, went out, the great ascetic."

हिन्दी अर्थ

दाने गवां पशूनां वा पिण्डानामप्सु मज्जने

English

[Bhishma said:] Hearing this, the great yogi Maheshvara was then angry; his eyes red, king, he stood taking his trident.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मृतस्याप्यनुमन्यन्ते मन्त्रान् मन्त्राश्ष कारणम् प्रसन्नता) के लिये मन्त्र-पाठकी अनुमति देते हैं। मन्त्र ही सब धर्मोके कारण हैं

English

"Where is he, where is he?" he said, taking up the supreme weapon; and Ushanas, knowing his intent, shone from afar.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋणदवनन्‍्तो यदा मर्त्या: पितृदेवद्धिजातिषु

English

Knowing that anger of the great yogi, the lord knew his course, his coming and his place.

हिन्दी अर्थ

किसीका भी मोक्ष कैसे हो सकता है? वेदवादापरिज्ञानं सत्याभासमिवानृतम्

English

Thinking of the great-souled Maheshvara with fierce austerity, Ushanas, his self perfected by yoga, appeared at the point of the trident.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संतर्पितस्तर्पयते च कामै:

English

His form known, then, by the archer perfected in austerity, and knowing the trident, the lord of the gods bent it with his hand.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भोगोंसे तृप्त होकर दूसरोंको भी तृप्त करता है महत प्राप्रोति पुरुषो ब्रह्मणि ब्रह्म विन्दति

English

With the trident bent by the hand of immeasurable splendour, the lord of fierce weapons called the trident the Pinaka.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परब्रह्मकी प्राप्ति होती है

English

Seeing Bhargava in the middle of his hand, Uma's lord, the humped one, opened his mouth and slowly threw him in.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषां द्वारं द्वारपालो बुभूषेत्

English

Entering the belly of Maheshvara, the lord, that great soul, the delight of Bhrigu, moved about there.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कर्मयोग एवं अष्टाड़्योग--इन चार उपायोंसे प्राप्त करता है स्तथास्य तत्पाणिपादं सुगुप्तम्

English

[Yudhishthira said:] "Why did Ushanas move about in the belly of that wise god of gods, king? And what did that greatly radiant one do?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्तथास्य वाग्द्वारमथो सुगुप्तम्

English

[Bhishma said:] "Long ago, gone into the water, of great vows, he stood like a post for ten thousand times a million years, king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथास्यथ स्याज्जाठरी द्वारगुप्ति: डाले--इससे उदरद्वारका संरक्षण होता है

English

After performing hard austerity he rose from the great lake; then Brahma approached the god of gods.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कि तस्य तपसा कार्य कि यज्ञेन किमात्मना

English

He asked about the growth of his austerity and his welfare, imperishable; and the bull-bannered one said, "Austerity has been well practised."

हिन्दी अर्थ

परेषामननुध्यायंस्तं देवा ब्राह्म॒णं विदु: गतिज्ञ: सर्वभूतानां त॑ देवा ब्राह्म॒णं विदु:

English

Shankara, of great mind, of inconceivable self, ever devoted to truth and dharma, also saw its growth from that union.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वभूतात्मभूतो यस्तं देवा ब्राह्म॒णं विदु:

English

With that austerity and wealth, the great yogi shone, great king, mighty in the three worlds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अविज्ञाय च तत् सर्वमन्यद् रोचयते फलम् त॑ सदाचारमश्रित्य पुराणं शाश्व॒तं ध्रुवम्

English

Then the Pinaka-bearer, of the nature of yoga, entered meditation-yoga; but Ushanas, alarmed, hid in the belly.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कर्मोमें परायण रहनेवाले ज्ञानियोंका तप उत्तरोत्तर तीव्रताको प्राप्त होता है

English

And the great yogi praised the god while staying there, and wishing to come out was blocked by his radiance.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निरापद्धर्म आचारो हाप्रमादो5परा भव: विगुणानि च पश्यन्ति तथानैकान्तिकानि च

English

Ushanas then said from within the belly, the great sage, "Show me grace," again and again, scourge of foes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तौ पन्थानावुभौ व्यक्तौ भगवंस्तद् वदस्व मे कैसे सफल होता है? यह आप मुझको बताइये

English

Mahadeva said to him, "Go; liberation is by the organ," having stopped all the openings, bull of the thirty gods.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रत्यक्ष तु किमत्रास्ति यद् भवन्‍त उपासते

English

Not seeing a door, closed on every side, the sage ran about, burning here and there with the radiance.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रेयस्काम: प्रत्यवोचमार्जवान्न विवक्षया किमत्र प्रत्यक्षतमं भवन्तो यदुपासते

English

Coming out by the organ, he attained the state of Shukra; for that reason he does not come in the middle of the sky.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आगमो वेददवादास्तु तर्कशास्त्राणि चागम:

English

Seeing him come out, blazing as it were with splendour, Bhava, filled with anger, stood with his trident raised.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निर्णय करनेवाले पूर्वोत्तर मीमांसा आदि) भी आगम हैं सिद्धि: प्रत्यक्षरूपा च दृश्यत्यागमनिश्चयात्

English

The goddess restrained the angry lord Pashupati, her husband; and when Shankara was restrained by the goddess, he became her son.

हिन्दी अर्थ

होता है। एवं शास्त्रके निश्चयसे ही सिद्धिका प्रत्यक्ष दर्शन होता है

English

[The goddess said:] "He is not to be killed by you; he has become my son; for no one who has come out of a god's belly meets destruction."

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतद् ब्रवीतु भगवानुपपन्नो5स्म्यधीहि भो: कर्मका त्यागी ही है

English

[Bhishma said:] Then he was pleased with the goddess and, smiling, said, "Let him go as he wishes," king, again and again.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एकमालम्बमानानां निर्णये कि निरामयम्

English

Then, bowing to the boon-giving god and the goddess Uma, the wise great sage Ushanas reached the goal he wished.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यस्य यत्र ह्ानुष्ठानं तत्र तत्र निरामयम् अक्षय सुखकी प्राप्ति होती है

English

This has been told to you, dear, the deed of the great-souled Bhargava, best of the Bharatas, that you ask me."

हिन्दी अर्थ

एकमालम्बमानानां निर्णये सर्वतोदिशम्

English

" Yudhishthira said, 'O thou that art conversant with the conduct of men, tell me by what conduct a person may succeed in this world, freed from grief. How also should a person act in this world so that he may attain to an excellent end?'

हिन्दी अर्थ

न मात्रामनुरुध्यन्ते न धर्मच्छलमन्ततः तेषां नासीद् विधातवयं प्रायश्षित्तं कदाचन

English

[Yudhishthira said:] "What auspicious deed, best of men, does a man do to gain the highest good here and hereafter? Tell me."

हिन्दी अर्थ

त॑ सदाचारमाश्चर्य पुराणं शाश्व॒तं ध्रुवम्

English

[Bhishma said:] "Here I shall relate to you as before, greatly famous one: King Janaka asked the great-souled Parashara.

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यस्तमेकं चतुर्धा हि ब्राह्मणा आश्रमं विदु: गृहेभ्य एव निष्क्रम्य वनमन्ये समाश्रिता:

English

'What is the good of all beings, in this world and the next, that should be undertaken? Please tell me.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

त एते दिवि दृश्यन्ते ज्योतिर्भूता द्विजातय:

English

Then the sage, joined with austerity, knowing the rules of all dharmas, kindly disposed to the king, spoke.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आनन्त्यमुपसम्प्राप्ता: संतोषादिति वैदिकम् न लिप्यन्ते पापकृत्यै:ः कदाचित् कर्मयोनित:

English

'Dharma alone done is best here and hereafter; therefore there is nothing higher, as the wise say.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं युक्तो ब्राह्मण: स्यादन्यो ब्राह्मणको भवेत्

English

Having taken up dharma, a man is honoured in heaven; the rule of action for embodied beings is of the nature of dharma, best of kings; in it the good in the stages perform their own deeds here.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं पक्‍्वकषायाणामानन्त्येन श्रुतेन च तेषामपेततृष्णानां निर्णिक्तानां शुभात्मनाम्

English

The course of the world is ordained fourfold, dear; where mortals stay, it proceeds from desire.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संसिद्धै: साध्यते नित्यं ब्राह्मणैर्नियतात्मभि:

English

Practising good and bad action by various orders, there are many courses for beings divided into ten halves.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पिण्डमात्र व्यपाश्रित्य चरितुं विजितात्मना अपेतन्यायशास्त्रेण सर्वलोकविगर्हिणा

English

"Bhishma said, 'In this connection is cited the old story of the discourse between Prahlada and the sage Ajagara. Once on a time king Prahlada of great intelligence questioned a wandering Brahmana of great intelligence and a cleansed and tranquil soul.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

दानमध्ययनं यज्ञ: प्रजासंतानमार्जवम्

English

"Prahlada said, 'Freed from desire, with a cleansed soul, possessed of humility and self-restraint, without desire of action, free from malice, agreeable

हिन्दी अर्थ

रूप जो कर्म है, यह सब मनुष्यके लिये अत्यन्त दुष्कर है धिक् कर्तरें च कार्य च श्रमश्नायं निरर्थक:

English

in speech, endued with dignity and intelligence and wisdom, thou livest (in simplicity) like a child. Thou never covetest any kind of gain, and never grievest at any kind of loss. Thou art always contented, O Brahmana, and dost not seem to regard anything in the world. While all other creatures are being borne away in the current of desire and passion, thou art perfectly indifferent to all acts appertaining to Religion, Profit, and Pleasure. Thou seemest to be in a state of quietude (without the possibility of agitation). Disregarding all objects of the senses, thou movest like an emancipated self, only witnessing everything (but never taking part in anything). What, O sage, is thy wisdom, what thy learning, and what thy behaviour (in consequence of which all this becomes possible)? Tell me this without delay, if, O Brahmana, thou thinkest it will do me good!'

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुगमतापूर्वक मोक्षका साधक होगा?

English

"Bhishma continued, 'That intelligent Brahmana who was well-conversant with the duties of the world, thus questioned by Prahlada, answered him in sweet words of grave import. Behold, O Prahlada, the origin of creatures, their growth, decay, and death, are traceable to no (intelligible) cause. It is for this that I do not indulge in either joy or sorrow. I All the propensities (for action) that exist in the universe may be seen to flow from the very natures of the creatures (to which they inhere). All things (in the universe) are depended on their respective natures. Hence, I am not delighted with anything. 2 Behold, O Prahlada, all kinds of union have an aptitude for disunion. All acquisitions are certain to end in destruction. Hence I never set my heart upon the acquisition of any object. All things possessed of attributes are certain to meet with destruction. What remains there for a person then to do who (like me) is conversant with both the origin and the end of things? Of all things, large or small, born in the ocean of waters, the end is noticeable. I see also the death, which is manifest, O chief of Asuras, of all things, mobile and immobile, belonging to the land. O best of Danavas, death comes in season unto even the strongest of winged creatures which range the sky. I see again that the luminous bodies, large and small,

हिन्दी अर्थ

एकोनसप्तत्यधिकद्धिशततमो 5 ध्याय: शरीरमेतत् कुरुते यद् वेदे कुरुते तनुम्

English

The word was made resting on the course of the world and on the Veda, for the peace of the mind, dear; this is not the teaching of the aged.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आनन्त्यमत्र बुद्धयेदं कर्मणां तद् ब्रवीमि ते

English

By eye, mind, speech and action, a fourfold action; as one does action, so he gains.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धनानामेष वै पन्थास्तीर्थेषु प्रतिपादनम् मन: संकल्पसंसिद्धा विशुद्धज्ञाननिश्चया:

English

Action bears fruit unbroken and mixed, king; whether good or bad, it has no destruction.

हिन्दी अर्थ

राजानश्न तथा युक्ता ब्राह्मणाश्व यथाविधि

English

Sometimes a good deed, dear, stays as if unmoving for one sinking in the world until he is freed from sorrow.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपने-अपने कर्मोका त्याग न करके उनमें निष्काम भावसे विधिपूर्वक लगे रहे चरन्ति धर्म कृच्छेडपि दुर्गे चैवापि संहता:

English

Then, having ended sorrow, he enjoys good deeds; and from the exhaustion of good deeds, bad deeds; know that, lord of men.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषां नासीद् विधातवयं प्रायश्षित्तं कथंचन

English

Self-control, forbearance, steadiness, energy, contentment, truthfulness, modesty, non-violence, non-addiction and skill: these bring happiness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करते थे, अतः उनके सामने कभी प्रायश्चित्त करनेका अवसर नहीं आता था

English

A creature should not be unrestrained in bad or good deeds; the discerning should ever strive for collectedness of mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुर्बलात्मन उत्पन्नं प्रायश्षित्तमिति श्रुति: गया है--ऐसा सुननेमें आता है

English

He does not enjoy another's good or bad deed; as is the action one does, so he gains.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्रैविद्यवृद्धा: शुचयो वृत्तवन्तो यशस्विन:

English

Having set pleasure and pain in order, a man goes by another; by another goes every person who is joined, king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बढ़े-चढ़े, पवित्र, सदाचारी और यशस्वी थे तेषां यज्ञाश्न वेदाश्न कर्माणि च यथागमम्

English

What a man would envy in others he should not do himself; the envious joined to it brings ridicule on himself.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपेतकामक्रोधानां दुश्चराचारकर्मणाम्

English

The timid kshatriya, the brahmana who eats anything, the vaishya without effort, the low-class idle man, the learned man of no character, the well-born of failed conduct, the brahmana fallen from truth and the bad woman:

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋजूनां शमनित्यानां स्वेषु कर्मसु वर्तताम् तेषामदीनसत्त्वानां दुश्चराचारकर्मणाम्

English

the attached freed, the one cooking for himself, the fool who speaks, a king, a poor kingdom: all these, king, come to be pitied, and he who is unjoined and without love for the subjects.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपवर्गमतिर्नित्यो यतिधर्म: सनातन: ब्रह्मण: पदमन्विच्छन् संसारान्मुच्यते शुचि:

English

which move in the firmament, fall down when their time comes. Beholding all created things Possessed of knowledge, to be thus liable to be affected by death, and thinking all things to be possessed of the same nature, I sleep in peace without any anxiety of heart. If I get without trouble a copious repast, I do not scruple to enjoy it. On the other hand, I pass many days, together without eating anything. Sometimes people feed me with costly viands in profusion, sometimes with a small quantity, sometimes with even less, and sometimes I get no food whatever. I sometimes eat only a portion of a grain;

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्तस्मै नमो ब्रह्मणे ब्राह्मणाय

English

[Parashara said:] "With a mind resorting to service, for one without livelihood it is praised; what comes from the hands of the twice-born, not from an equal to one another.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रत्यपश्यज्जलथरं कुण्डधारमवस्थितम् अयं मे धास्यति श्रेयो वपुरेतद्धि तादूशम्

English

Having gained a life hard to obtain, lord of the people, he should not draw himself down; a man strives for elevation by holy action.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एष मे दास्यति धन प्रभूतं शीघ्रमेव च

English

One who has fallen even from his class deserves honour; not the one who, having gained respect, practises rajasic action.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुझे शीघ्र ही प्रचुर धन देगा बलिभिविंविधाभिश्न पूजयामास तं द्विज:

English

A man gains elevation of class by holy action; not gaining that hard thing, he would destroy it by sinful action.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्योपकारनियतामिमां वाचमुवाच ह

English

Sin done through ignorance should be removed by austerity alone; sin bears fruit; sin is self-made; therefore he should not do sin, action whose fruit is sorrow.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नियमपूर्वक प्रवृत्ति सूचित करनेवाली यह बात कही-- प्रायश्चित्तका विधान किया है, किंतु कृतघ्नके लिये कोई प्रायश्चित्त नहीं है

English

An action joined with sin, though it be of great fruit, the wise should not do, like clean water in a bad pool.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोभ: पुत्रो निकृत्यास्तु कृतघ्नो नाहति प्रजाम्

English

What fruit of sinful action do I see? For a good man fallen into misfortune the self does not shine so far.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपश्यत् सर्वभूतानि कुशेषु शयितस्तदा स्वप्में उसने समस्त प्राणियोंको देखा

English

Even he who, fool, does not undergo remorse here suffers very great torment as he goes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मात्राभिरुपलब्धाभिरयें वा त्यागं समाश्रिता:

English

dry sesame cakes from which the oil has been pressed out, I sometimes eat rice and other food of the richest kind. Sometimes I sleep on an elevated bedstead of the best kind. Sometimes I sleep on the bare ground. Sometimes my bed is made within a fine palace or mansion. I am sometimes clad in rags, sometimes in sackcloth, sometimes in raiments of fine texture, sometimes in deer-skins, sometimes in robes of the costliest kind. I never reject such enjoyments as are consistent with virtue and as are obtained by me without effort. I do not, at the same time, strive for attaining such objects as are difficult of acquisition. The rigid vow I have adopted is called Ajagara. \_ That vow can secure immortality. It is auspicious and griefless. It is incomparable and pure. It is consistent with the counsels of the wise. It is disapproved by persons of foolish understanding who never follow it. With a pure heart I conduct myself according to it. My mind never swerves from this vow. I have not swerved from the practices of my order. I am abstemious in everything. I know the past and the present. Divested of fear and wrath and cupidity and errors of judgment, I follow this vow with a pure heart. There are no restrictions in respect of food and drink and other objects of enjoyment for one practising this vow. As everything is dependent on destiny, there is no observance of the considerations of time and place for one like us. The vow I follow contributes to true happiness of the heart. It is never observed by those that are wicked. I follow it with a pure heart. Induced by cupidity, men pursue different kinds of wealth. If baffled in the pursuit, they become depressed by sorrow. Reflecting properly upon all this by the aid of my intelligence which has penetrated the truths of things, I follow this vow with a pure heart. I have seen persons in distress seeking, for the acquisition of wealth, the shelter of men, good and bad. Devoted to tranquillity, and with my passions under control, I follow this vow with a pure heart. Beholding, by the aid of truth, that happiness and misery, loss and gain, attachment and renunciation, death and life, are all ordained by destiny, I follow this vow with a pure heart. Divested of fear and attachment and errors of judgment and pride, and endued with wisdom, intelligence, and understanding, and devoted to tranquillity and hearing that large snakes without moving enjoy the fruit that comes to them of itself, I follow their practice with a pure heart. Without restrictions of any kind in respect of bed and food, endued by my nature with self- restraint, abstemiousness, pure vow, truth, and purity of conduct, and without any desire to store (for future use) the rewards of action, I follow, with a delighted and pure heart, this vow. All causes of sorrow have fled from me in consequence of my having driven off the object of desire. Having received an accession of light, I follow this vow with a pure heart, for controlling my soul which is thirsty and unrestrained but which is capable (under proper culture) of depending upon itself (without the necessity of external objects to keep it engaged). Without paying any heed to the concerns towards

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतदाचक्ष्व मे ब्रह्मन् यथातत्त्वेन पृष्छत: नतु त्यागसुखं प्राप्ता एतत् त्वमपि पश्यसि

English

One who, having himself done sin, then practises the good alone, would be able to do atonement and enjoys both separately.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आश्रमाणां च सर्वेषां निष्ठायामैक्यमुच्यते

English

Violence done unknowingly is removed by non-violence: so the speakers of Brahman say by the direction of the shastra.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तद् यथावद् यथान्यायं भगवान प्रब्रवीतु मे कषाये कर्मभि: पक्‍वे रसज्ञाने च तिष्ठति

English

And what is done by desire is removed by non-violence too: so say the brahmanas learned in dharmashastra, masters of the Veda.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्ञानमें स्थित हो जाता है

English

But I see the action that has been done, endowed with virtue, plain and not joined with sin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अद्रोहो5नभिमान श्र दह्वीस्तितिक्षा शमस्तथा तद् विद्वाननुबुद्धयेत मनसा कर्मनिश्चयम्

English

As subtle actions bear fruit here as they are, done with the mind joined to intellect.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गतिं गच्छन्ति संतुष्टास्तामाहु: परमां गतिम्

English

An action practised constantly yields little fruit but is strong; one done without forethought, knower of dharma, is done by fierce action.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं वेदविदित्याहुरतो5न्यो वातरेचक: वेदे हि निष्ठा सर्वस्य यद् यदस्ति च नास्ति च

English

The actions done by gods and by sages the righteous-souled should not follow, nor, hearing them, blame.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतदन्त च मध्यं च सच्चासच्च विजानतः

English

Reflecting in mind, king, knowing his own power, he who does good action sees good things.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरुषकी दृष्टिमें सदसत् स्वरूप ब्रह्म ही इस जगत्का आदि, मध्य और अन्त है ब्रह्माव्यक्त प्रभवश्चवाव्ययं च

English

As water placed in a new vessel is not lost, so in another than new it is lost; one gains the state well cultivated for happiness."

हिन्दी अर्थ

कस्य लाभो विशिष्टोत्र तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह यज्ञार्थ सततोर्डदर्थार्थी तपो5तप्यपत दारुणम्

English

As water poured from another source is added to that same water in a pond, so the aged one gains increase, as water in water.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भक्‍्त्या न चैवाध्यगच्छद् धन॑ सम्पूज्य देवता:

English

So whatever deeds here are joined with intellect, lord of the earth, are not lowered, even if among the most meritorious.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देवताओंकी पूजा करके भी वह धन न पा सका यन्ये द्रुतं प्रसीदेत मानुषैरजडीकृतम्

English

The king should conquer the armed and the haughty, and rightly protect the subjects; he should kindle fire with many sacrifices, and at the end or the middle he should resort to the forest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

और मनुष्योंने आराधना करके जिसे जड न बना दिया हो

English

A self-controlled man, devoted to dharma, learned, should see beings as himself; he should honour the greater according to his power, by truth and character, lord of men, in happiness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुद्धात्मा ब्राह्मणो रात्रौ निदर्शनमपश्यत

English

which my heart, mind, words would like to lead me, and marking that the happiness which is connected with these is both difficult of acquisition and fleeting in respect of duration, I follow this vow with a pure heart. Learned men possessed of great intelligence, desirous of proclaiming their own feats, have while establishing their own theories and censuring those of others, said this and that on this topic which is incapable of being settled by disputation. Foolish men fail to understand this vow in a proper light. I, however, see it to be destructive of Ignorance. Regarding it also as fraught with immortality and as a remedy against diverse kinds of evil, I wander among men, having subdued all faults and having freed myself from thirst (after worldly goods)!'

हिन्दी अर्थ

गच्छामि वनमेवाहं वरं धर्मेण जीवितुम् वन॑ प्रविश्य सुमहत् तप आरब्धवांस्तदा

English

One who has been cast off with respect, without affection, should be avoided, even a brother of the same womb, how much more another common person.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भूयश्वाचिन्तयत् सिद्धो यत्परं सोडभिमन्यते

English

Giving and receiving between the distinguished and the more distinguished are equal; the gift of one who gives to a twice-born is the more meritorious.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणने पुनः यों विचार किया-- मेरी यह बात कभी मिथ्या नहीं हो सकती”

English

Wealth gained justly by the classes and increased justly should be guarded with effort for the sake of dharma: so it is settled.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्य साक्षात् कुण्डधारो दर्शयामास भारत

English

One who seeks dharma should not gain wealth by cruel deed; he should do all tasks as able and should not think of prosperity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणस्य तपोयोगात् सौहृदेनाभिचोदित: ब्राह्मण: कुण्डधारस्य विस्मितश्वाभवन्नूप

English

Water, cold or warmed by fire, given to a guest according to ability, and food to the hungry, bring fruit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पश्य राज्ञां गतिं विप्र लोकांश्वैव तु चक्षुषा

English

Rantideva, the great soul, gained the success desired in the worlds; he honoured sages with fruit, leaves and roots.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दूरादपश्यद् विप्र: स दिव्ययुक्तेन चक्षुषा स्वर्गद्वारं हि संरुद्धं मानुषेषु विशेषत:

English

With those same fruit and leaves he satisfied the Mathara; from it Shaibya, lord of the earth, gained the highest place.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विशेषतः मनुष्योंके लिये स्वर्गका दरवाजा प्राय: बंद ही रहता है

English

Mortal beings are born in debt to gods, guests, servants, ancestors and the self; therefore one should go to freedom from debt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भक्तिका परिचय मिल गया शुभे: कर्मभिरारब्धा: प्रच्छिन्दन्त्यशुभेषु च

English

"Bhishma continued, 'That high-souled person who, having freed himself from attachments and divested himself of fear, cupidity; foolishness, and wrath, follows this Ajagara vow, or indulges in this sport, as it may be called, certainly succeeds in passing his days in great delight.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

निपत्य पतितो भूमौ देवानां भरतर्षभ

English

would take this speech as a theistic one. I refuse to reject the plain and obvious meaning of the word, All phases of speculative opinion are discussed in the Santi. It is very Possible that a religious indifferentism is preached here.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उवाच पतितं भूमौ कुण्डधार किमिष्यते देवानामेव वचनात् कुण्डधारं महाद्युतिम्

English

either gladden or grieve me. If a son be born to me I am not delighted. If he dies, I am not grieved. His birth and death depend upon his own nature as a mortal. I have no Power to alter that nature or affect it

हिन्दी अर्थ

धनार्थी यदि विप्रो5यं धनमस्मै प्रदीयताम्

English

such snakes, without moving, lie in the same place in expectation of prey, eating when anything comes near famishing when there is nothing.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हो जाओ। यदि यह ब्राह्मण धन चाहता तो इसे धन दे दिया जाय देवानां शासनात् तावदसंख्येयं ददाम्यहम्

English

Ushanas, by propitiating the god of gods, reached the state of Shukra; having praised the goddess he rejoices in the sky, covered with energy.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाहं धनानि याचामि ब्राह्मणाय धनप्रद

English

Asita and Devala, Narada and Parvata, Kakshivan, Jamadagnya, Rama, Tandya and Anshuman,

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मप्रधानो भवतु ममैषोनुग्रहो मतः फलान्येवायमश्नातु कायक्लेशविवर्जित:

English

Vasishtha, Jamadagni, Vishvamitra and Atri, Bharadvaja, Harishmashru, Kundadhara and Shrutashrava:

हिन्दी अर्थ

अभ्यासमकरोद् धर्मे ततस्तुष्टास्तु देवता:

English

these great sages, collected, praising Vishnu with Rik verses, gained success by austerity through the grace of the wise one.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सब देवता संतुष्ट हो गये ईप्सितं मनसो लब्ध्वा वरमन्यै: सुदुर्लभम्

English

The unworthy, praising him alone, became worthy; but one should not seek increase here by doing a despised deed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं सफल-मनोरथ हो वह मेघ बड़ा प्रसन्न हुआ

English

Wealth that is by dharma is real; shame on that which is by adharma; one should not give up eternal dharma in the world from desire for wealth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करता था। महाराज! धर्मके विषयमें उसकी बुद्धि अटल हो गयी थी

English

The righteous-souled one who has set up the fires is the best doer of merit; for all the Vedas, king of kings, stand in the three fires.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पर्ण त्यक्त्वा जलाहार: पुनरासीद् द्विजस्तदा न चास्य क्षीयते प्राणस्तदद्भुतमिवाभवत्

English

And that brahmana who has set up the fires, whose rites do not lapse, is good; for not having set up the fires is the good; fire-offering is not inaction.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कालेन महता तस्य दिव्या दृष्टिरजायत

English

Fire, the self, the mother, the father who begot, and the teacher: tiger among men, these are to be served properly.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तुष्ट:ः कस्यचिदेवेह मिथ्यावाड़ू न भवेन्मम धन दे दूँ तो मेरा दिया हुआ वचन मिथ्या नहीं होगा

English

The man who, giving up pride, serves the aged, learned, though a eunuch he sees out of affection, not lacking skill, joined with dharma, not self-controlled: he is honoured in this world by the good, noble.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निद्रां तन्द्रीं तथा55लस्यमावृत्य पुरुषान् स्थितान् तथैव देववचनादू विषध्नं कुर्वन्ति सर्वश:

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'Which of these, O grandsire, viz., kinsmen, or acts, or wealth, or wisdom should be the refuge of a person? Questioned by me, answer me this!'

हिन्दी अर्थ

तिक्तं च विरसं शाकं तपसा स्वादुतां गतम्

English

If a shudra has no livelihood from his father and grandfather's firm one, he should not seek livelihood elsewhere but should engage in service.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यज्ञपत्नी समानीता सत्येनानुविधीयते मायूरजीर्णपर्णानां वस्त्र तस्याश्व॒ वर्णितम्

English

Association with the good, who see dharma, is beautiful, always and in every state, not with the bad: so I hold.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुक्रस्य पुनराजाति: पर्णादो नाम धर्मवित्

English

As a thing shines by nearness to the mountain of dawn, so even one of low class shines by nearness to the good.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निमन्त्रयन्ती प्रत्युक्ता न हन्‍्यां सहवासिनम् सावित्रीकी आज्ञा माननेसे इनकार कर दी

English

By whatever colour a white garment is dyed, it takes that form; know this to be so for me.

हिन्दी अर्थ

फिर रसातलमें चली गयीं

English

Therefore be attached to virtues and never to faults; the life of mortals here is unsteady and moving.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्येन स परिष्वज्य संदिष्टो गम्पतामिति --तुम यहाँसे चले जाओ'

English

The wise, whether in happiness or in sorrow, who gathers only good things sees good things here.

हिन्दी अर्थ

साधु हिंसय मां सत्य हतो यास्यामि सद्गतिम्

English

An action apart from dharma, even if of great fruit, the wise should not do; it is not said to be beneficial.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विमानानि विचित्राणि गन्धर्वाणां महात्मनाम् मृगमालोक्य हिंसायां स्वर्गवासं समर्थयत्

English

The king who, having taken thousands of cows, gives them without protecting is only a thief who shares the fruit of a word.

हिन्दी अर्थ

और तपस्यामें सब प्रकारसे विघ्न डाला करते हैं

English

"Bhishma said, 'Wisdom is the refuge of creatures. Wisdom is regarded as the highest of acquisitions. Wisdom is the highest felicity in the world. Wisdom is heaven in the estimation of the good and virtuous. It was through wisdom that Vali, Prahlada, Namuchi, and Manki, when they lost their (earthly) prosperity, succeeded in acquiring felicity. What is there that is superior to wisdom? In this connection is cited the old story of the discourse between Indra and Kasyapa. Listen to it, O Yudhishthira! Once on a time a prosperous Vaisya, in the enjoyment of prosperity, and proud of his affluence, threw down, by negligently driving his car, a Rishi's son of rigid vows named Kasyapa, devoted to penances. Prostrated on the ground, the young man, in exceeding pain, gave way to his wrath; and under the influence of despair resolved, saying, 'I shall cast off my life. A poor man has no need of life in this world.' While the Brahmana was lying in that state, silent and agitated, deprived of energy and at the point of death, Indra appeared on the scene in the form of a jackal and addressing him, said, 'All (inferior) creatures covet birth in the human race. Among men again, the status of a Brahmana is much desired. Thou, O Kasyapa, art a human being! Amongst human beings, thou art again a Brahmana. Among Brahmanas, thou art again one that is conversant with the Vedas. Having obtained that which is attainable with very great difficulty, it behoveth thee not to give up life from folly ! All kinds Of (worldly) acquisitions are fraught with pride. The declaration of the Srutis in that respect is perfectly true. Thou lookest the picture of

हिन्दी अर्थ

एष शक्तो5सि तपसा दातुं राज्यं धनानि च उवाच चैन धर्मात्मा महान् मेनुग्रह: कृत:

English

In forming such a resolve (which is so derogatory of thy own self) about casting off thy life, thou actest from cupidity! O, they are crowned with success that have hands! I eagerly wish for the status of those creatures that have hands! We covet hands as eagerly as you covet riches. There is no acquisition that is more valuable than the acquisition of hands. Behold, O Brahmana, I cannot extract this thorn that has entered my body, or crush these insects and worms that are biting and afflicting me greatly! They that have bestowed upon them two hands with ten fingers, succeed in throwing away or crushing the worms (by scratching) that bite their limbs. They succeed in constructing shelters for themselves from rain, cold, and heat. They succeed also in enjoying excellent clothes for themselves, good food, comfortable beds, and excellent habitations. Lying on this Earth, they that have hands enjoy kine and other animals and cause them to carry burthens or drag their vehicles, and by the aid of diverse means bring those animals under sway (for their own purposes). Those living creatures that are without tongues, that are helpless, of little strength, and destitute of hands, bear all the several kinds of misery (indicated above). By good luck, O ascetic, thou art not like them. By good luck, thou art not a jackal, nor a worm, nor a mouse, nor a frog, nor an animal of any other miserable order. With this measure of

हिन्दी अर्थ

मया स्नेहमविज्ञाय तत्र मे क्षन्तुमहसि

English

By shudras not crooked, not deceitful, not angry, who prepare oblations and offerings, the cleansing should be done, and so dharma is not lost.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सम्परिष्वज्य बाहुभ्यां तत्रैवान्तरधीयत कुण्डधारप्रसादेन तपसा सिद्धिमागत:

English

When dharma is not lost, the subjects are happy; and by their happiness, king, the gods in heaven rejoice.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्माच्छक्त्या तथा योगाद् या चैव परमा गति:

English

Therefore the king who protects is honoured with dharma; so too the brahmana who studies, the vaishya intent on earning,

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मात्माओंका ही पूजन करते हैं, धनियों और भोगियोंका नहीं धने सुखकला काचिद् धर्मे तु परमं सुखम्

English

and the shudra who serves constantly with controlled senses. Otherwise, lord of men, one falls from his own dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धनमें तो सुखका कोई लेशमात्र ही रहता है। परमसुख तो धर्ममें ही है

English

Even small coins, assigned from distress of breath, are of great fruit if justly earned and given; how much more others by thousands.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मार्थ न सुखार्थार्थ कथं यज्ञ: समाहित: स्वर्ग-सुख अथवा धनकी प्राप्ति न हो, उसका सम्पादन कैसे होता है?

English

He who gives to the twice-born with honour always enjoys the vigorous fruit, such as it is, king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उज्छवृत्ते: पुरावत्तं यज्ञार्थे ब्राह्मणस्य च

English

What is given after going to the person, with satisfaction, they call blessed and praised; what is given on request, the wise call middling.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राचीन इतिहास मैं यहाँ तुम्हें बता रहा हूँ उज्छवृत्ति्षि: कश्निद् यज्ञ यह्ं समादधे

English

What is given with contempt and also without faith, truth-speaking sages call the lowest gift.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वस्तुएँ सुस्वादु हो गयी थीं अपि मूलफलैरिष्टो यज्ञ: स्वर्ग्य: परंतप

English

Sinking in transgression of many kinds, a man should always make effort so as to be freed from doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करानेवाले यज्ञका अनुष्ठान किया

English

The brahmana shines by self-control, the kshatriya by victory, the vaishya by wealth, and the shudra ever shines by skill.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सकता है' यह मन-ही-मन निश्चय किया

English

gain (that thou hast won), thou shouldst, O Kasyapa, be contented! How happy, again, shouldst thou feel at the thought that amongst living creatures thou art a superior Brahmana! These worms are biting me! For want of hands I am unable to drive them off. Behold this my miserable plight! I do not cast off life because to do so is a very sinful act, and lest, indeed, I fall into a more miserable order of existence ! This order of existence, viz., that of a jackal, to which I now belong is rather tolerable. Miserable as it is, there are many orders of existence below it that are more miserable still. By birth certain classes of creatures become happier than others who become subject to great woe. But I never see that there is any order of being which can be said to be in the possession of perfect happiness. Human beings, obtaining affluence, next wish for sovereignty. Having achieved sovereignty their next wish is for the status of gods. Having won that status they then wish for the chiefdom of the celestials. If thou becomest affluent, thou wilt never succeed in becoming a king (for thou art a Brahmana by birth), nor in becoming a god (because, in reality, thy status of Brahmanahood is equal if not superior to that of a god). If by any means (led away by the alluring prospect of heavenly bliss) thou becomest a god (instead of attaining to a superior position), thou wilt then covet for the chiefdom of the gods. In no condition wilt thou be contented. Contentment does not result from acquisition of desirable objects. Thirst is never slaked although there is profusion of water, l The thirst for acquisition only blazes up with each fresh acquisition like a fire with new faggots thrown into it. In thee there is grief. But joy also dwells in thee. Both happiness and misery dwell in thee. Why then shouldst thou

हिन्दी अर्थ

य एतानू प्रज्ञया दोषान् पूर्वमेवानुपश्यति सोथ धर्मादवाप्तेषु धनेषु कुरुते मन:

English

Of the three classes the shudra is always called the server; one who follows kshatriya dharma and vaishya dharma does not fall; but when a twice-born does shudra work, then he falls.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्त्वसंसेवनादू धीरो निद्रां च च्छेत्तुमहति

English

Trade, herding and living by crafts are enjoined even for a shudra when livelihood is not found.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आयत्या च जयेदाशामर्थ संगविवर्जनात्

English

Stage-acting and living by such arts, living by liquor and meat, and selling iron and leather:

हिन्दी अर्थ

करके आशापर और आसत्तिके त्यागसे अर्थपर विजय प्राप्त करे कारुण्येनात्मनो मान तृष्णां च परितोषत:

English

a blamed work in the world should not be done by one who has not done it before; for one who has done it and gives it up, there is great dharma, so scripture says.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मौनेन बहुभाष्यं च शौर्येण च भयं त्यजेत्

English

A man who commits sin in the world with a mind soaked in intoxication has accomplishment that is not called acceptable.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्ञानमात्मावबोधेन यच्छेदात्मानमात्मना सब ओरसे उपरत होकर शान्तभावसे परमात्माका साक्षात्कार करना चाहिए

English

It is heard in the Purana that the subjects were ruled by the rod of "Shame!"; self-controlled, chief in dharma, following the dharma of justice.

हिन्दी अर्थ

योगदोषान् समुच्छिद्य पठच यान् कवयो विदु:

English

Dharma alone is always praised here for men, king; men on earth, grown in dharma, serve only virtues.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परित्यज्य निषेवेत यतवाग् योगसाधनान् शौचमाहारत: शुद्धिरिन्द्रियाणां च संयम:

English

That dharma the asuras could not bear, dear, lord of men; as they grew, in order, the subjects entered them there.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्य निष्कृतिमाधत्त न त्वसौ यज्ञसंविधि: द्विसप्तत्यधिकद्धिशततमो5ध्याय:

English

yield to grief? One should shut up, like birds in a cage, the very springs, viz., the understanding and the senses of, all one's desires and acts. There can be no cutting of a second head, nor of a third hand. That which does not exist can produce no fear. One that is not acquainted with the enjoyment a certain object affords, never feels a desire for that object. Desires arise from the actual experience of the pleasures that touch or sight, or hearing gives. Thou hast no idea of the taste of the wine called Varuni or of the meat of the birds called Ladwaka. There is no drink and no food more delicious than these. Thou hast no idea also, O Kasyapa, of every other superior kind of drink and food that exists among men, for thou hast never tasted it. Without doubt, therefore, not to taste, not to see, should be the vow of a man if he is to win happiness. Creatures that have hands, without doubt, become strong and earn wealth. Men are reduced by men to a state of servitude, and are repeatedly afflicted (at the hands of their own species) with death, imprisonment, and other tortures. Although such is their condition, yet even they (without yielding to grief) laugh and sport and indulge in merriment. Others again, though endued with might of arms, and possessed of knowledge and great energy of mind, follow censurable, sinful, and miserable professions. They seek to change such professions for other pursuits (that are more dignified) but then they are bound by their own acts (of a previous life) and by the force of Destiny. The vilest man of the Pukkasa or the Chandala orders never wishes to cast off his life. He is quite contented with the order of his birth. Behold the illusion in this respect! Beholding those amongst thy species that are destitute of arms, or struck with palsy, or afflicted with other diseases, thou canst regard thyself as very happy and possessed of valuable accompaniments amongst the members of thy own order. If this thy regenerated body remains safe and sound, and free from disease, and all thy limbs remain perfect, thou art sure of never incurring any reproach amongst men. It would not behove thee, O Brahmana, to cast off thy life even if any blame, founded on fact and capable of bringing about thy dismissal from caste, attached to

हिन्दी अर्थ

केन निर्वेदमादत्ते मोक्ष वा केन गच्छति

English

Then, overcome by anger, their conduct that had modesty and shame lost even modesty, king, and delusion was born.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शृणु मोक्ष सनिर्वेदं पापं धर्म च मूलत: प्रति राग या द्वेष हो जाता है

English

Then, covered with delusion, they did not see as before, and lived as they pleased, crushing each other.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इष्टानां रूपगन्धानामभ्यासं च चिकीर्षति

English

Reaching them, that rod of "Shame!" was no longer the cause; then they turned to the gods and despised the brahmanas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततो लोभ: प्रभवति मोहश्न॒ तदनन्तरम् मनपर मोह अधिकार जमा लेता है

English

At this very time the gods went for refuge to the best god Shiva, the hero of many forms, lord of hosts.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न धर्मे जायते बुद्धिर्व्याजादू धर्म करोति च

English

By him, in the sky, with one arrow, strengthened by the gods' energy, the three cities were felled to the ground.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लगती है। वह किसी-न-किसी बहानेसे दिखाऊ धर्मका आचरण करता है व्याजेन सिद्धयमानेषु धनेषु कुरुनन्दन

English

Their lord was dreadful, of dreadful valour, a terror to the gods; he was slain by the trident-bearer.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अधर्मस्त्रिविधस्तस्य वर्धते रागमोहज:

English

When he was slain, men regained their own state, and the Vedas and shastras went on as before.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्याधर्मप्रवृत्तस्य दोषान् पश्यन्ति साधव: स नेह सुखमाप्रोति कुत एव परत्र वै

English

Then they anointed Vasava in heaven with the kingdom of the gods, and the seven sages appointed him to hold the rod over men.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथा कुशलधर्मा स कुशल प्रतिपद्यते

English

Above the seven sages was the king named Viprithu; kings and kshatriyas were in the circles, each separately.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राप्त होनेवाले धनमें मन लगाता है

English

In the great families, those born and those earlier, the asuric feeling does not leave their hearts.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मात्मा भवति होवं मित्रं च लभते शुभम् शब्दे स्पर्शे रसे रूपे तथा गन्धे च भारत

English

Therefore, by that same feeling with its attachment, mighty kings practised only asuric deeds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सतु धर्मफलं लब्ध्वा न हृष्यति युधिष्ठिर

English

They established themselves in those very ones and set them up, and the most childish men follow them even today.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रज्ञाचक्षुर्यदा कामे रसे गन्धे न रज्यते विमुच्यते तदा कामान्न च धर्म विमुज्चति

English

Therefore I say to you, king: having reflected from the shastras, one should do a work that brings perfection, and give up work of a violent nature.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततो मोक्षाय यतते नानुपायादुपायत:

English

The wise should not accumulate wealth through confusion; giving up justice for the sake of dharma and wealth is not called good.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पापं धर्मस्तथा मोक्षो निर्वेदश्नैव भारत धर्मे स्थितानां कौन्तेय सिद्धिर्भवति शाश्वती

English

So you, such a one, self-controlled, a kshatriya dear to kinsmen, protect subjects, servants and sons by your own dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तमुपायं यथान्यायं श्रोतुमिच्छामि भारत

English

Meeting of the wished and unwished, enmity and friendship: so many thousands of births turn about.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपायसे नहीं। भरतनन्दन! वह यथायोग्य उपाय क्या है? इसे मैं सुनना चाहता हूँ येनोपायेन सर्वार्थ नित्यं मृगयसे5डनघ

English

Therefore be attached to virtues and never to faults; the ill-minded without virtues is called an enemy of himself.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं धर्माभ्युपायेषु नान्यधर्मेषु कारणम्

English

Dharma and adharma operate among men, great king, not so among other beings, here without humans.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जानेपर मोक्षसआाधनरूप शम-दमादि अन्य धर्मोंके लिये वे आवश्यक नहीं रहते एक: पन्था हि मोक्षस्य तन्मे विस्तरत: शृणु

English

The man of dharmic character, learned, whether active or inactive, should ever go about in the world as the self of beings, harming no beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निद्रां च प्रतिभां चैव ज्ञानाभ्यासेन तत्त्ववित् लोभ मोहं च संतोषाद् विषयांस्तत्त्वदर्शनात्

English

When his mind is rid of the written mark, and there is no falsehood in it, then he gains the good."