Shanti Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथा न विद्युरन्योन्यं प्रणिधेयास्तथा हि ते

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'Sons and grandsons and brothers and sires and

हिन्दी अर्थ

पूर्व कृत्वा विधान च यात्रायां नगरे तथा

English

"One who tells of the royal treasury being carried off by a minister, whether he is paid or unpaid, Yudhishthira,

हिन्दी अर्थ

और यज्ञपरायण होना चाहिए

English

is to be heard in private, and that minister is to be guarded against; for the ministers mostly kill the informer, Bharata.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आपूरयेच्च परिखां स्थाणुनक्रझषाकुलाम्

English

Those who plunder the royal treasury all combine and oppress the protector of the royal treasury; he perishes unprotected.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रपाश्न विपणांश्नैव यथोद्देशं समाविशेत्

English

Here too they recite this ancient history, what the sage Kalakavrikshiya said to the Kosala king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्कार करके उससे उऋण हो जाय

English

When Kshemadarshin had attained lordship over the Kosalas, the sage Kalakavrikshiya came, we have heard.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कस्य किं कुर्वतः सिद्ध्येत् तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह

English

Having caged a crow, he first went about the country of Kshemadarshin, attentive, seeking his aim again and again.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इनमेंसे किसके क्या करनेसे कार्य-सिद्धि होती है? यह मुझे बताइये

English

"I study the science of crows; crows tell me the future, the past and the present."

हिन्दी अर्थ

शृणु मे शंसतो राजन् यथावदिह भारत

English

So going about the kingdom with various men, he asked about the misdeeds of all the king's officers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आपणेषु विहारेषु समाजेषु च भिक्षुषु

English

fathers-in-law and preceptors and maternal uncles and grandsires, many high-souled Kshatriyas, many relatives (by marriage), friends, companions, sister's sons, and kinsmen, O grandsire, and many foremost of men coming from diverse countries, have fallen. All these, O grandsire, have been caused to be slain by myself alone, from desire of kingdom. Having caused so many heroic kings who were always devoted to righteousness and all of whom had quaffed Soma in sacrifices, what end shall I attain, O great ascetic ! Thinking that this earth has been bereft of many lions among kings, all of whom were in the enjoyment of great prosperity, I burn continually to this day. Having witnessed this slaughter of kinsmen and millions of other men, I burn with grief, O grandsire ! Oh, what will be the plight of those foremost of ladies who have been deprived of sons, of husbands, and of brothers. Reproaching the Pandavas and the Vrishnis as cruel murderers, those ladies, with emaciated features and plunged in grief, will throw themselves on the earth! Not beholding their sires and brothers and husbands and sons, those ladies, through affliction, casting off their life-breath, will go to the abode of Yama, O foremost of Brahmanas ! I have no doubt of this. The course of morality is very subtle. It is plain that we shall be stained with the guilt of slaughtering women for this. Having slain our kinsmen and friends and thereby committed an inexpiable sin, we shall have to fall into hell with heads downwards. O best of men, we shall, therefore, waste our limbs with the austerest of penances. Tell me, O grandsire, to what mode of life I should betake myself then.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

देशेषु चत्वरे चैव सभास्वावसथेषु च

English

Vaisampayana continued, "Hearing these words of Yudhishthira, the Island-born Rishi, having reflected keenly for some time, addressed the son of Pandu as follows:

हिन्दी अर्थ

चारे हि विदिते पूर्व हितं भवति पाण्डव

English

" Vyasa said, 'Remembering the duties of a Kshatriya, O king, do not give way to grief. All those Kshatriyas, O bull among Kshatriyas, have fallen in the observance of their proper duties. In the pursuit of great prosperity and of great fame on earth, those foremost of men, all of whom were liable to death, l have perished through the influence of Time. Thou hast not been their slayer, nor this Bhima, nor Arjuna, nor the twins. It is Time that took away their life-breaths according to the great law of change. Time hath neither mother, nor father, nor anybody for whom he is disposed to show any favour. He is the witness of the acts of all creatures. By him have they been taken away. This battle, O bull of Bharata's race, was only an occasion ordained by him. He causes creatures to be slain through the instrumentality of creatures. This is the manner in which it puts forth its irresistible power. Know that Time (in his dealings with creatures) is dependent upon the bond of action and is the witness of all actions good and bad. It is Time that brings about the fruits, fraught with bliss or woe, of our actions.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शत्रुके जासूसका पहले ही पता लगा लिया तो इससे उसका बड़ा हित होता है

English

"This one and that one know that you have stolen the royal treasury," thus the crow says; let that be quickly followed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अमात्यै: सह सम्मन्त्रय कुर्यात् संधिं बलीयसा

English

He also told of other plunderers of the royal treasury, and no word of his was ever heard to be unfulfilled.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लिप्सुर्वा कंचिदेवार्थ त्वरमाणो विचक्षण:

English

All the king's officers, wronged by him, delight of the Kurus, struck the crow at night while the sage slept, passing him by.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संदधीत नृपस्तैश्न राष्ट्र धर्मेण पालयन्

English

Seeing the crow pierced by an arrow in the cage, in the forenoon the Brahmana said to Kshemadarshin:

हिन्दी अर्थ

पूर्वापकारिणो हन्याल्लोकद्विष्टांश्व सर्वश:

English

"King, I ask safety of you, the lord and master of life and wealth; permitted by you I would speak a word to you, with your priest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न शक्‍्यरूपश्रोद्धर्तुमुपेक्ष्यस्तादृशो भवेत्

English

Tormented for a friend, devoted with my whole self, I take your aim, I who say it patiently.

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यासक्तं च प्रमत्तं च दुर्बलं च विचक्षण:

English

Wishing to awaken a friend like a charioteer a good horse, one very impelled by anger, bringing a beneficial reason.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हीनश्न बलवीर्याभ्यां कर्षयंस्तत्परो वसेत्

English

Such a friend should be forgiven by one who understands, ever wishing lordship and prosperity."

हिन्दी अर्थ

अमात्यवल्लभानां च विवादांस्तस्य कारयेत्

English

The king replied to him: "Whatever you may say to me, why should I not forgive, wishing my own good?

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपायैस्त्रिभिरादानमर्थस्याह बृहस्पति:

English

Brahmana, promise, speak if you wish; whatever you tell me, I will do, Brahmana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यदर्थ शवनुयात् प्राप्तुं तेन तुष्पेत पण्डित:

English

Knowing policy and its failings and the fears from your servants, to explain the livelihood with devotion; your coming is not out of place.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स षड्भागमपि प्राज्ञस्तासामेवाभिगुप्तये

English

This fault was told earlier by teachers, king: the lot of servants is a lack of refuge, the livelihood of living with a king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करके रूपमें ग्रहण करे

English

They say that one who consorts with kings is among venomous snakes; kings have many friends and have many friends likewise.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तदाददीत सहसा पौराणां रक्षणाय वै

English

From all of them, they say, there is fear for those who serve kings; and from one of them alone, O king, fear may arise in a moment.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भक्तिक्रैषां न कर्तव्या व्यवहारे प्रदर्शिते

English

Absolute carelessness cannot be avoided by a lord of the earth, but carelessness must never be committed by one who wishes prosperity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यवहारेषु सतत तत्र राज्यं प्रतेष्ठितम्

English

A king stumbles from carelessness, and in his stumbling there is no life; one instructed should approach a king like a blazing fire.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दानशीलश्चव सततं यज्ञशीलक्ष भारत

English

A man should wait on his lord, master of life and wealth, like an enraged venomous snake, with care, thinking "I am nobody."

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यवहारलोपे नृपते: कुत: स्वर्ग: कुतो यश:

English

Fearing ill speech, ill deed, ill position, ill sitting, ill going, signal and bodily gesture,

हिन्दी अर्थ

ही लुप्त हो गया, तो उसे कैसे स्वर्ग प्राप्त हो सकता है और कैसे यश?

English

a king pleased fulfils all aims like a deity; enraged he burns even the root like Vaishvanara. Thus Maya spoke, king, and so it proceeds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तदाभिसंमश्रयेद् दुर्ग बुद्धिमान पृथिवीपति:

English

Then I shall do more and more; a minister like us gives help of wisdom in calamity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सामभेदान् विरोधार्थ विधानमुपकल्पयेत्

English

The crow was aimed at me for death, king; I do not blame you here nor those whose beloved you are; know the beneficial and harmful, and do not be of distant mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रवेशयेच्च तान् सर्वान् शाखानगरकेष्वपि

English

Those who live in your house intent on taking, wishing ill for beings, I was aimed at by such.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विनाशयेद् वा तत् सर्व बलेनाथ स्वकेन वा

English

Those who wish the kingdom immediately upon your destruction succeed only by contriving with insiders, O king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जलं विस्रावयेत् सर्वमविस्राव्यं च दूषयेत्

English

Fearing them, O king, I shall go to another hermitage; for an arrow was fitted by them and fell on the crow, lord.

हिन्दी अर्थ

युद्धमें शत्रुपर आघात करनेके लिये तैयार रहता हो

English

By trickery my crow was sent to Yama's abode; I have seen this with the long eye of austerity, king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वेषां क्षुद्रवृक्षाणां चैत्यवृक्षान् विवर्जयेत्

English

With a crow as hook I have crossed this river for you, with many crocodiles, fish and crocodile-like monsters, full of timis and timingila whales,

हिन्दी अर्थ

चैत्यानां सर्वथा त्याज्यमपि पत्रस्य पातनम्

English

with stationary rocks and thorns, thronged with tigers, lions and elephants, hard to approach and enter, like a Himalayan cave.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मगरमच्छ और बड़े-बड़े मत्स्य भी डलवा दे

English

A fort of darkness is reached by fire, and a water-fort by boats; for descending into a king's fort the wise know no remedy.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषां च द्वारवद् गुप्ति: कार्या सर्वात्मना भवेत्

English

Your kingdom is dense, covered in darkness; one cannot trust here even you, how much less me?

हिन्दी अर्थ

आरोपयेच्छतघ्नी श्व स्वाधीनानि च कारयेत्

English

Therefore this is not a good dwelling where good and bad are held equal; here there is only killing for good and evil deeds alike, without doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संशोधयेत् तथा कूपान् कृतपूर्वान् पयोडर्थिभि:

English

By justice, punishment is for the evil deed; how can there be killing for the good deed? It is not right to stay long here; the wise should go quickly.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न दिवा ज्वालयेदग्निं वर्जयित्वा5डग्निहोत्रिकम्

English

The Sita river, O king, is one in which a raft sinks; I consider this net killing all like that.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गृहाणि च प्रवेश्यान्तर्विधेय: स्थादू हुताशन:

English

You are honey-hot, food mixed with poison; your nature is like that of the wicked, not of the good; you are like a well surrounded by venomous snakes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चाहिए, आगको घरके भीतर ले जाकर ढककर रखना चाहिए

English

As a river with fort-like ghats, high banks, with karira and cane, of sweet water, so are you; you are like a royal swan with dogs, vultures and jackals.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रघोषयेदथैवं च रक्षणार्थ पुरस्य च

English

As a great thicket grows relying on a great tree and then covers it and grows beyond it,

हिन्दी अर्थ

बाह्यान् कुर्यन्नरश्रेष्ठ दोषाय स्युरहि तेडन्यथा

English

by that very means a fierce forest fire with fuel burns; such are your ministers, O king; purify them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथार्थवर्ण प्रणिधिं कुर्यात् सर्वस्य पार्थिव:

English

They were made by you, protected by you, and having slighted you, they wish to kill you, who are dear to you.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसके अनुसार जलक्षेत्र और बाजारोंकी व्यवस्था करनी चाहिए

English

Dwelling here with suspicion and guarding against carelessness, like a snake inside the house, hero, like a wife in her own home, testing the character of the king and those living with him.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अश्वागारान् गजागारान् बलाधिकरणानि च

English

Is the king self-controlled? Are the inner ones conquered? Is the king dear to them? Are the subjects dear to the king?

हिन्दी अर्थ

तैलं वसा मधु घृतमौषधानि च सर्वश:

English

I came here wishing to test, best of kings; you please me, king, like food to a hungry man.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संचयानेवमादीनां कारयीत नराधिप:

English

Your ministers do not please me, like water to the thirstless; the fault against me was made by them with "He does the king's work"; there is no other reason, I have no doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कवचों तथा ऐसी ही अन्य आवश्यक वस्तुओंका संग्रह करावे

English

I have no grudge against them; that went to them as their fault; one fears an enemy badly struck, like a snake with a broken back.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चतुर्विधांश्व वैद्यान् वै संगृहल्लीयाद् विशेषत:

English

Honoured with more retinue and more hospitality, best of Brahmanas, dwell again in my house.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शोभयेयु: पुरवरं मोदयेयुश्व॒ सर्वश:

English

Those who do not wish you, Brahmana, will not live in my house; you alone must know what to do next.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पौरेभ्यो नृपतेर्वापि स्वाधीनान् कारयीत तान्

English

Consider how punishment may be for the evil done and how the good deed is done, revered one, and appoint me to the good.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दानेन च यथार्हेण सान्त्वेन विविधेन च

English

Without showing this fault, make each one weak; then, knowing the reason, strike man by man.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततो5नृणो भवेद् राजा यथा शाम्त्रे निदर्शितम्

English

Many with one fault might crush even thorns; for fear of the leak of counsel, king, I say this to you.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतत् सप्तात्मकं राज्यं परिपाल्यं प्रयत्नत:

English

We Brahmanas are mild in punishment, with a trace of pity; I wish you well and others too as myself.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यो वेत्ति पुरुषव्याप्र स भुड्क्ते पथिवीमिमाम्

English

King, I declare myself: I am related to you, the sage named Kalakavrikshiya.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जानता है, वही इस पृथ्वीका उपभोग कर सकता है

English

A friend of your father, approved, true to my word, when your kingdom was in calamity and your father had died, king,

हिन्दी अर्थ

संधानासनमित्येव यात्रासंधानमेव च

English

I gave up all desires and practised austerity; out of affection I say this to you, that you may not err again.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मेण च महीपालश्षिरं पालयते महीम्

English

Having seen both sorrow and joy, having obtained the kingdom by chance, how can you be careless with a kingdom resting on ministers?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

यादवीपुत्र भद्रं ते तावपि श्रोतुमहसि

English

Then there was great rejoicing in the royal house and in the house of the priest, best of Brahmanas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पालयित्वा तथा पौरान् परत्र सुखमेधते

English

The sage Kalakavrikshiya, having made the earth under one umbrella for the renowned Kosala, sacrificed with the best sacrifices.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुपालितप्रजो यः स्यात् सर्वधर्मविदेव सः

English

Hearing that beneficial word, the Kosala king ruled the earth, and the king did as he was told, Bharata."

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रयुक्ता स्वामिना सम्यगधर्मेभ्यो नियच्छति

English

Think, O mighty-armed one, of the acts of those Kshatriyas that have fallen. Those acts were the causes of their destruction and it is in consequence of them that they have perished. Think also of thy own acts consisting of observances of vows with

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वेषामेव वर्णानां स्वधर्माच्च्यवते मन:

English

"Very prosperous, very brave, learned Brahmanas, well content and of great exertion in works, son of Kunti,

हिन्दी अर्थ

राजाको स्वर्ग तो मिलता है; परंतु वह अक्षय नहीं होता

English

these helpers you should wish for in all calamities, Bharata; a man of good family, honoured always, does not hide his strength.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विसूजेन्न च लुब्धेभ्यो विश्वसेन्नापकारिषु

English

Pleased or displeased, pained or robbed, he turns it back mostly; that one alone protected.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नहीं पड़ता और धर्मके विषयमें अपराधी नहीं होता, यह मुझे बताइये

English

Of good family, born in the country, wise, handsome, learned, bold and devoted, these should be your retinue.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न स धर्म न चाप्यर्थ प्रतिगृह्लाति बालिश:

English

Those of bad family and the greedy, cruel and shameless attend you, dear one, only as long as their hands are half-full.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मको पाता है और न धन ही उसके हाथ लगता है

English

With wealth, honour, gifts and hospitality, and various enjoyments, those you think sharers in wealth will be sharers in happiness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

और बुद्धिमान हों, उन्हींको समस्त कार्योमें नियुक्त करना चाहिए

English

Those of unbroken conduct, learned, of good conduct and observed vows, not petty, truthful, would not abandon you though always seeking.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रजा: क्लिश्रात्ययोगेन कामक्रोधसमन्वित:

English

The ignoble who do not know the agreement, the dull-minded, you should be wary of, and know them to have lapsed from agreement.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मादेव मनुष्याणां सुखं विद्धि समाहितम्

English

restrained soul. And think also how thou hast been forced by the Supreme Ordainer to do such an act (as the slaughter of so many human beings). As a weapon made by a smith or carpenter is under the control of the person that is handling it, and moves as he moves it, similarly this universe, controlled by actions done in Time, moves as those actions move it. Seeing that the births and deaths of creatures take place without any (assignable) cause and in perfect wantonness, grief and joy are perfectly needless. Although this entanglement of thy heart is a mere delusion, still, if it pleaseth thee, O king, perform expiatory rites (for washing thyself free of thy so-called sin). It is heard, O Partha, that the gods and the Asuras fought against each other. The Asuras were the elder, and the gods the younger brothers. Covetous of prosperity, fierce was the battle fought between them. The fight lasted for two and thirty thousand years. Making the earth one vast expanse of blood, the gods slew the Daityas and gained possession of heaven. Having obtained possession of the earth, a (large) number of Brahmanas, conversant with the Vedas, armed themselves, stupefied with pride, with the Danavas for giving them help in the fight. They were known by the name of Salavrika and numbered eight and eighty thousand. All of them, however, were slain by the gods. Those wicked-souled persons who desire the extinction of virtue and who set sinfulness agoing deserve to be slain even as the furious Daityas were slain by the gods. If by slaying a single individual a family may be saved, or, if by slaying a single family the whole kingdom may be saved, such an act of slaughter will not be a transgression. Sin, O king, sometimes assumes the form of virtue, and virtue sometimes assumes the form of sin. They, however, that are learned, know which is which. Therefore, console thyself, O son of Pandu, for thou art well versed in the scriptures. Thou hast, O Bharata, only followed the path formerly trodden by the very gods. Men like yourselves never go to hell, O bull of Pandu's race ! Comfort these thy brothers and all thy friends, O scorcher of foes ! He who deliberately engages himself in sinful acts, and committing sinful acts feels no shame but continues the same as before, is called (in the scripture) a great sinner. There is no expiation for him and his sins know no diminution. Thou art born in noble race. Forced by the faults of others, thou hast most unwillingly done this, and having done this thou repentest of it. The Horse-sacrifice, that grand rite, has been indicated as an expiation for thee. Make preparations for that sacrifice, O monarch, and thou shalt be freed from thy sins. The divine chastiser of Paka, having vanquished his foes with the assistance of the Maruts, gradually performed a hundred sacrifices and became Satakratu. l Freed from sin, possessed of heaven, and having obtained many regions of bliss and great happiness and prosperity, Sakra, surrounded by the Maruts, is shining in beauty, and illuminating all the quarters with his splendour. The lord of Sachi is adored in the heavens by the Apsaras. The Rishis and the other gods all worship him with reverence. Thou hast got the earth through thy prowess. All the kings have been vanquished by thee, O sinless one, through thy prowess.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वेषामेव वर्णानां नाधर्मे रमते मन:

English

Proceeding with thy friends to their kingdom, O king, install their brothers, sons, or

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा किसी भी वर्णकी अधर्ममें रुचि नहीं होती

English

One who honours the able and does not vie with those not to be vied with, and who would not abandon dharma from desire, fear, anger or greed,

हिन्दी अर्थ

वैदिकानि च सर्वाणि भवन्त्यपि गुणान्युत

English

not proud, truthful, able, self-conquered, honouring the worthy, should be your helper in counsel, tested in every condition.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हो जाता है, इसमें संदेह नहीं है

English

Of good family, endowed with truth, patient, skilled, self-possessed, brave, grateful and truthful: these are marks of the best, Partha.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वक्पत्रफलमूलानि वीर्यवन्ति भवन्ति च

English

For such a man so behaving, who knows, enemies become pleased and then become friends.

हिन्दी अर्थ

है। युधिष्ठिर! इन सबको सत्ययुगके धर्म समझो

English

After this a king, restrained, of trained understanding and wishing prosperity, should test the merits and faults of his ministers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृष्टपच्यैव पृथिवी भवन्त्योषधयस्तथा

English

Connected with trustworthy men of good birth born in his own country, not capable of being bribed, not unfaithful, well tested from every side,

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततस्तु द्वापरं नाम स काल: सम्प्रवर्तते

English

warriors, hereditary, and others also should be made, by a man wishing prosperity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रजा: क्लिश्चात्ययोगेन प्रवर्तेत तदा कलि:

English

Those whose training in discipline is natural and good, with energy, steadiness, patience, purity, loyalty, steadfastness and firmness,

हिन्दी अर्थ

वर्णोका मन अपने धर्मसे च्युत हो जाता है

English

tested in merits, ever of mature mind, bearers of the burden, who have passed the five tests, should a king make workers for his aims.

हिन्दी अर्थ

योगक्षेमका नाश हो जाता है और सब ओर वर्णसंकरता फैल जाती है

English

Of sufficient speech, heroes, skilled in understanding, of good family, endowed with truth, who know signs, not harsh,

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋतवो न सुखा: सर्वे भवन्त्यामयिनस्तथा

English

who know arrangements of place and time, wishing the good of their master's work, a king should make ministers in all affairs always.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुखरहित तथा रोग प्रदान करनेवाली हो जाती हैं

English

One of reduced energy and not glad never resolves; he necessarily gives rise to doubts in all works.

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्याधयश्व भवन्त्यत्र प्रियन्ते च गतायुष:

English

Likewise a minister of little learning, even of noble birth, joined to dharma, wealth and desire, is not fit to test counsel.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्वचिद् वर्षति पर्जन्य: क्वचित् सस्य॑ प्ररोहति

English

Likewise one of low birth, though very learned, is bewildered in matters to be inferred, like a blind man without a leader.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बरसाते हैं और कहीं-कहीं ही धान उत्पन्न होता है

English

One of unsteady resolve, though intelligent and learned, and knowing means, is not fit to carry on work for long.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रजा: संरक्षितुं सम्यग् दण्डनीतिसमाहितः

English

From mere conduct alone no examination of particulars arises for an unlearned, ill-minded man in the work.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कलिकी भी सृष्टिका कारण है

English

There is no trust in a minister who is not devoted; therefore counsel should not be revealed to one not devoted.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्रेताया: करणादू राजा स्वर्ग नात्यन्तमश्लुते

English

An insincere one, joined with ministers, would trouble a king, entering like fire a tree through the holes made by the wind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनवाप्तं च लिप्सेत लब्धं च परिपालयेत्

English

Sometimes the master is angry and removes from position, in rage he abuses, and afterward is pleased.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सम्यड्नीता दण्डनीतिर्यथा माता यथा पिता

English

Those things can be borne by one who is devoted; the anger of ministers is like a thunderbolt's crash.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रक्षामें समर्थ होती है

English

One who bears them out of wish to please his master, sharing equal joy and sorrow, such a man should be consulted in affairs.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं वृत्त: प्रजा रक्षन् स्वर्ग जेतासि दुर्जयम्

English

But a crooked one, though devoted and endowed with other qualities and wisdom, is not fit to hear the king's counsel.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुखेनार्थान् सुखोदर्कानिह च प्रेत्य चाप्तुयात्

English

A friend who is connected with enemies and does not honour the townsfolk is not fit to hear the king's counsel.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यान् गुणांस्तु गुणोपेत: कुर्वन् गुणमवाप्रुयात्

English

An unlearned, impure, stiff friend who serves enemies, boasts, is angry and greedy is not fit to hear counsel.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनुशंसश्चरेदर्थ चरेत् काममनुद्धत:

English

A newcomer, though devoted and very learned, honoured or shared with, is not fit to hear counsel.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दाता नापात्रवर्षी स्यात् प्रगल्भ: स्यादनिष्ठर:

English

One who has once been accused even for a small matter, though joined to other merits, is not fit to hear counsel.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाभक्तं चारयेच्चारं कुर्यात् कार्यमपीडया

English

One of trained mind, intelligent, wise, a countryman, pure, clean in all works, is fit to hear counsel.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आदद्यान्न च साधुभ्यो नासत्पुरुषमाश्रयेत्

English

One endowed with knowledge and discernment, who knows his own and others' natures, a friend equal to the king himself, is fit to hear counsel.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हो, उनपर विश्वास न करे

English

Truthful, endowed with good conduct, deep, modest, gentle, one whose father and grandfather were such, is fit to hear counsel.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्त्रिय: सेवेत नात्यर्थ मृष्ट भुज्जीत नाहितम्

English

Content, esteemed, true, brave, hating evil, knowing counsel and time, valiant, is fit to hear counsel.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अहितकर भोजन न करे

English

One who can bring all the world under his sway by conciliation—to him counsel should be applied by one who wishes to use the rod, O king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सान्त्वयेन्न च मोक्षाय अनुगह्नन्न चाक्षिपेत्

English

One in whom townsfolk and country folk have placed trust by dharma, a warrior and wise in policy, is fit to hear counsel.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्रोधं कुर्यान्न चाकस्मान्मृदु: स्यान्नापकारिषु

English

Therefore ministers endowed with all these qualities, well honoured, knowing natures, should be at least three, wishing greatness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अतोडन्यथा नरपतिर्भयमृत्छत्यनुत्तमम्

English

The ministers should mark the weak points in their own natures and the enemy's, for the king's kingdom grows rooted in counsel.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनुभूयेह भद्राणि प्रेत्य स्वर्गे महीयते

English

An enemy should not see his weak point, but he should find the enemy's weak points; he should hide like a tortoise its limbs and guard his own opening.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथोक्तमेतच्च चकार बुद्धिमान्

English

Ministers who are wise are the seizers of counsel of a kingdom; a king is the combiner of counsel, and the rest of the people are its limbs.

हिन्दी अर्थ

किया और उन्होंने जैसा बताया था, वैसा ही किया

English

They call the kingdom rooted in stationed agents and counsel its essence; ministers here follow the master for livelihood.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मेण नापराध्नोति तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह

English

Having cast off pride and anger, conceit and jealousy, content, he should always take counsel with ministers who have passed the five tests.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विस्तरेणैव धर्माणां न जात्वन्तमवाप्नुयात्

English

Having fixed his mind on their varied deliberations, he should understand it, and report his own decision and the other's decision at the time of final counsel.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अर्चयित्वा यजेथास्त्वं गृहे गुणवतो द्विजान्

English

Approaching a Brahmana teacher who knows dharma, wealth and desire, he should ask about the highest aim; when a conclusion is made with him, he should lead that course without attachment.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणान् वाचयेथास्त्वमर्थसिद्धिजयाशिष:

English

Thus counsel should always be taken, say those who know the truth and certainty of counsel; therefore you should always lead counsel able to win over the subjects.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आशीर्वाद ग्रहण करो

English

No dwarf, hunchback, thin man or lame man, no blind, dull, woman or eunuch, and no animal should move about, in front, behind, above or below.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथार्थ प्रतिगृह्लीयात् कामक्रोधौ च वर्जयेत्

English

Ascending an empty window, on an open spot without kusha and kasha grass, avoiding faults of speech and body, he should consult on the matter in good time."

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्लेश पहुँचाता है

English

grandsons on their thrones. Behaving with kindness towards even the children in the womb, make thy subjects glad and happy, and rule the earth. Install on their thrones the daughters of those that have no sons. Women are fond of pleasure and power. Through this means they will castoff their sorrows and become happy. Having comforted the whole empire in this way, O Bharata, adore the gods in a Horse- sacrifice as the virtuous Indra did in days of old. It is not proper for us to grieve for those high-souled Kshatriyas, O bull of thy order (that have fallen in battle). Stupefied by the power of the destroyer, they have perished in the observance of the duties of their own order. Thou hast discharged the duties of a Kshatriya and obtained the earth without a thorn in it. Observe thy own duties, O son of Kunti, for then, O Bharata, thou shalt be able to obtain happiness in the other world.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

हुए राजाको आलस्य छोड़कर प्रजावर्गके योगक्षेमकी व्यवस्था करनी चाहिए

English

"What is the one word, Brahmana, by which a man acting rightly would obtain the standard of all beings and great fame?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

अकामद्वेषसंयुक्तमनुरज्यन्ति मानवा:

English

"Conciliation is the one word, Shakra, by which a man acting rightly would obtain the standard of all beings and great fame.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मार्थावध्रुवौ तस्य यो न शास्त्रपरो भवेत्

English

This one word, Shakra, bringing happiness to all the world, acted on toward all beings, makes one always dear.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अस्थाने चास्य तद् वित्तं सर्वमेव विनश्यति

English

He who never speaks, ever with frowning face, becomes hated by beings, not practising conciliation here.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यदि उसे धन मिल भी जाय तो वह सारा ही बुरे कामोंमें नष्ट हो जाता है

English

One who looks first and speaks first, and speaks first with a smile, makes the world well disposed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करैरशास्त्रदृष्टेर्हि मोहात् सम्पीडयन् प्रजा:

English

Even a gift, unaccompanied by conciliation, does not please beings anywhere, like seasonless food.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं राष्ट्रमयोगेन पीडितं न विवर्धते

English

Even a non-giver, Shakra, speaking sweet speech, brings this whole world under his sway by conciliation.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं राष्ट्रमुपायेन भुज्जानो लभते फलम्

English

Therefore conciliation should be practised by those who wish to use the rod here; it brings fruit, and people are not troubled by him."

हिन्दी अर्थ

शास्त्रानीतेन लिप्सेथा वेतनेन धनागमम्

English

means,— 'through their own faults.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथैतं कल्पयेद् राजा योगक्षेममतन्द्रित:

English

Thus told, Shakra did all with his priest; so you too, son of Kunti, practise this rightly.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जनयत्यतुलां नित्यं कोशवृद्धिं युधिछ्विर

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'After doing what acts does a man become liable to perform expiation? And what are those acts which he must do for being freed from sin? Tell me this, O grandsire.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

होता है, उसका फल वह दस हजार वर्षोतक स्वर्गलोकमें रहकर भोगता है

English

"A king devoted to protecting the subjects by pure dealing, having obtained dharma and fame, wins both worlds, pure.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ईश्वर: सर्वभूतानां धर्मकोशस्य गुप्तये

English

"What kind of dealing and with whom should a king deal? Asked this, greatly wise one, you ought to tell as it is.

हिन्दी अर्थ

या क्षत्रियकी? यह मुझे ठीक-ठीक बताइये

English

These qualities said earlier are for a man; I think they do not exist in a single man.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गुरुहिं सर्ववर्णानां ज्येष्ठ: श्रेष्ठक्ष वै द्विज:

English

It is as you say, greatly wise and intelligent one; a man joined to these many qualities is hard to find.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सब वर्णोंका गुरु, ज्येष्ठ और श्रेष्ठ है

English

But in brief, character is not hard to find with effort; I shall tell what kind of ministers you should make.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एष ते प्रथम: कल्प आपद्यन्यो भवेत् तत:

English

Four learned, bold, sattvic, pure Brahmanas, and three pure, trained Shudras for earlier work,

हिन्दी अर्थ

यत् किज्चिज्जयसे भूमिं ब्राह्मणाय निवेदय

English

and a Sūta endowed with eight qualities, a bard of the Puranas, fifty years of age, bold, without envy,

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वधर्मपरितृप्ताय यो न वित्तपरो भवेत्

English

endowed with intelligence and memory, trained, looking equally on disputants in a case, able, not greedy for wealth, should be employed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नित्य॑ स्वेभ्य: परेभ्यश्न तृप्ता माता यथा पय:

English

"Vyasa said, 'Having omitted to do those acts that have been ordained, and done those that have been interdicted, and having behaved deceitfully, a man becomes liable to perform expiation. The person in the observance of the Brahmacharya vow, who rises from bed after the sun has risen or goes to bed while the sun is setting, one who has a rotten nail or black teeth, one whose younger brother weds first, one who weds before his elder brother is wedded, one who has been guilty of the slaughter of a Brahmana, one who speaks ill of others, one who weds a younger sister before the elder sister has been wedded, one who weds an elder sister after having wedded a younger one, one who falls away from a vow, one who slays any one of the regenerate classes, one who imparts a knowledge of the Vedas to a person unworthy of it, one who does not impart a knowledge thereof to a person that is worthy of it, one who takes many lives, one who sells flesh, one who has abandoned his (sacred) fire, one who sells a knowledge of the Vedas, l one who slays his preceptor or a woman, one born in a sinful family, one who slays an animal wilfully, 2 one who sets fire to a dwelling house, one who lives by deceit, one who acts in opposition to his preceptor, and one who has violated a compact,— these all are guilty of sins requiring expiation. I shall now mention other acts that men should not do, viz., acts that are interdicted by both the world and the Vedas. Listen to me with concentrated attention. The rejection of

हिन्दी अर्थ

सदा अन्न एवं सुवर्ण देती है

English

one's own creed, the practice of other people's creed, assisting at the sacrifice or the religious rites of one that is not worthy of such assistance, eating of food that is forbidden, deserting one that craves protection, neglect in maintaining servants and dependants, selling salt and treacle (and similar other substances), killing of birds and animals, refusal, though competent, to procreate upon a soliciting woman, omission to present the daily gifts (of handfuls of grass to kine and the like), omission to present the dakshina, humiliating a Brahmana,— these all have been pronounced by persons conversant with duty to be acts that no one should do. The son that quarrels with the father, the person that violates the bed of his preceptor, one that neglects to produce offspring in one's wedded wife, are all sinful, O tiger among men! I have now declared to thee, in brief as also in detail, those acts and omissions by which a man becomes liable to perform expiation. Listen now to the circumstances under which men, by even committing these acts, do not become stained with sin. If a Brahmana well acquainted with the Vedas takes up arms and rushes against thee in battle for killing thee, thou mayst proceed against him for taking his life. By such an act the slayer does not become guilty of the slaughter of a Brahmana. l There is a mantra in the Vedas, O son of Kunti, that lays this down, I declare unto thee only those practices that are sanctioned by the authority of the Vedas. One who slays a Brahmana that has fallen away from

हिन्दी अर्थ

अथ साम्नैव लिप्सेथा धनमतब्राह्मणेषु यत्

English

And a secret matter of yours should not be taken up where it would hurt the matter; if the matter fails, that unrighteousness would afflict you and them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्त्यायामप्यवस्थायां किमु स्फीतस्थ भारत

English

Your kingdom would scatter like flocks of birds from a hawk, and would constantly leak like a shattered ship on the sea.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सान्त्वयन् परिरक्षंश्न स्वर्गमाप्स्यसि दुर्जयम्

English

For a king who protects subjects wrongly by unrighteousness, fear arises within, and his heaven is obstructed."

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वन्तं पुण्यं यशो नित्यं प्राप्स्यसे कुरुनन्दन

English

If a king's minister or his own son governs unrighteously, appointed to the seat of dharma, bull among men,

हिन्दी अर्थ

जिससे युक्त रहकर तुम्हें कभी भी चिन्ता या पश्चात्ताप न हो

English

king's followers appointed to affairs who do not act rightly, putting themselves first, the lords of the earth (are to be restrained) together with those below,

हिन्दी अर्थ

भूतानां हि यथा धर्मो रक्षणं परमा दया

English

the lord of the earth is ever the lord of the lordless, of men oppressed by the strong who cry out piteously and much.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यो राजा रक्षणे युक्तो भूतेषु कुरुते दयाम्

English

Then the force of witnesses in a doubtful case is good, where the dispute has been made; the case without witnesses or without a protector is especially to be examined.

हिन्दी अर्थ

राजा वर्षसहस्रेण तस्यथान्तमधिगच्छति

English

He should apply punishment to sinners corresponding to the offence; he should trouble the rich by wealth and the poor by killing and binding.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षणेन तानवाप्रोति प्रजा धर्मेण पालयन्

English

A king should protect the good by conciliation and gifts, and ill-behaved people by discipline and even blows.

हिन्दी अर्थ

असम्भवश्व धर्माणामीदृशानामराजसु

English

One who wishes to slay a king should meet a strange death, and so should a livelihood-cheat, a thief and one who mixes classes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जो राजा नहीं हैं, उन्हें ऐसे धर्मोॉका लाभ मिलना असम्भव है

English

For a lord of the earth rightly applying the rod, lord of men, or an appointed official, there is no unrighteousness; here dharma alone is eternal.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इन्द्र तर्पय सोमेन कामैश्न सुहदो जनान्

English

One who applies the rod at will, unskilled, becomes joined to infamy here and after death gets hell.

हिन्दी अर्थ

और मनोवांछित वस्तु प्रदान करके सुहृदोंको संतुष्ट करो

English

He should not impose punishment on others merely on hearsay; having examined sources and tradition, he should bind or release.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स एव राज्ञ: कर्तव्यो राजन् राजपुरोहित:

English

A king should never kill an envoy in any calamity; the slayer of an envoy goes to hell with his ministers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरूरवस ऐलस्य संवादं मातरिश्वन:

English

If a king devoted to kshatriya dharma slays an envoy who speaks as instructed, his ancestors incur the sin of slaying an embryo.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इतिहासका उदाहरण दिया करते हैं

English

An envoy should have seven qualities: well born, of good conduct, eloquent, skilled, pleasant-spoken, speaking as told, and mindful.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कस्माच्च भवति श्रेष्ठस्तन्मे व्याख्यातुमहसि

English

Endowed with these same qualities should be his doorkeeper and protector; and the chief guard should be endowed with these qualities.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वर्णश्षतुर्थ: पश्चात् तु पद्धयां शूद्रो विनिर्मित:

English

One who knows the truth of the sciences of dharma and wealth should be the officer of peace and war: intelligent, steadfast, wise, and a keeper of secrets.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षत्रियको प्रजाजनोंकी रक्षाके लिये नियुक्त किया

English

A praised minister is well born, endowed with truth and capable; endowed with these same qualities the general should be.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शूद्रो होतान् परिचरेदिति ब्रह्मानुशासनम्

English

He should know the truth of arrays, machines and weapons, be valiant, able to bear rain, cold, heat and wind, and know the weak points of others.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सेवामें संलग्न रहे, यह ब्रह्माजीका आदेश है

English

He should inspire trust in others but trust no one; even in sons, O king, trust is not praised.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मत: सह वित्तेन सम्यग वायो प्रचक्ष्व मे

English

This is the essence of the scripture's meaning, told to you by me, blameless one: distrust is called the supreme secret of kings."

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणो हि कुले जात: कृतप्रज्ञो विनीतवान्

English

his own duties and that advances, weapon in hand, with intent to slaughter, does not truly become the slayer of a Brahmana. In such a case it is the wrath of the slayer that proceeds against the wrath of the slain. A person by drinking alcoholic stimulants in ignorance or upon the advice of a virtuous physician when his life is at peril, should have the regenerating ceremonies performed once more in his case. All that I have told thee, O son of Kunti, about the eating of interdicted food, may be cleansed by such expiatory rites. Connection with the preceptor's wife at the preceptor's command does not stain the pupil. The sage Uddalaka caused his son Swetaketu to be begotten by a disciple. A person by committing theft for the sake of his preceptor in a season of distress is not stained with sin. One, however, that takes to thieving for procuring enjoyments for himself becomes stained. One is not stained by stealing from other than Brahmanas (in a season of distress and for the sake of one's preceptor). Only one that steals under such circumstances without himself appropriating any portion thereof is untouched by sin. A falsehood may be spoken for saving one's own life or that of another, or for the sake of one's preceptor, or for gratifying a woman, or for bringing about a marriage. One's vow of Brahmacharya is not broken by having wet dreams. In such cases the expiation laid down consists in the pouring of libations of clarified butter on the blazing fire. If the elder brother be fallen or has renounced the world, the younger brother does not incur sin by marrying. Solicited by a woman, connection with her is not destructive of virtue. One should not slay or cause to be slain an animal except in a sacrifice. Animals have become sacred (fit for sacrifice) through the kindness manifested towards them by

हिन्दी अर्थ

राजा बिभर्ति रूपाणि राज्ञा सर्वमिदं धृतम्

English

"Where one is to dwell with sons, brothers and kin, Kaunteya, it is right to inquire about protection and livelihood, Bharata.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यदा ब्रद्ना क्षत्रिया: संत्यजन्ति

English

Therefore I will tell you especially about the work of forts; hearing it, it should be done and carried out with effort.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रजास्तत: क्षयसंस्था भवन्ति

English

Relying on a sixfold fort, he should settle cities, where all wealth is chief or abundance would be.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रजापर मोह छा जाता है और वह नष्ट होने लगती है

English

The desert fort, the earth fort, the mountain fort, the human fort, the water fort and the forest fort—these are the six.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अरक्ष्यमाण: सततमश्रु पापं च वर्षति

English

A city furnished with fort, supplied with grain and weapons, with strong ramparts and moat, crowded with elephants, horses and chariots,

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्तत्राभीक्ष्णं दुःसहाश्चाविशन्ति

English

where there are learned men and artisans and well-stored stocks, where the people are righteous and have attained the highest skill,

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः सर्वान् साध्वसाधून् हिनस्ति

English

crowded with great men, elephants and horses, adorned with crossroads and shops, of established dealings, peaceful and free from fear,

हिन्दी अर्थ

साधु और असाधु सब लोगोंका संहार कर डालते हैं

English

of fair radiance and echoing sound, with a well-praised layout, filled with brave and wealthy people, resounding with Vedic recitation.

हिन्दी अर्थ

राजा चरति यद् धर्म ब्राह्मणेन निदर्शितम्

English

the Creator himself in the ordinance laid down by him. By making a gift in ignorance to an undeserving Brahmana one does not incur sin. The omission (through ignorance) to behave with liberality towards a deserving person does not lead to sin. By casting off an adulterous wife one does not incur sin. By such treatment the woman herself may be purged while the husband may avoid sin. One who knows the true use of the Soma juice, does not incur sin by selling it. I By dismissing a servant who is incompetent to render service one is not touched by sin. I have now said unto thee those acts by doing which one does not incur sin. I shall now speak to thee of expiation in detail.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

तावता सत्कृतः प्राज्ञश्चिरं यशसि तिष्ठति

English

There he should increase treasury, army, friends and trade; in the city and the country he should remove all faults.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवमेव प्रजा: सर्वा राजानमभिसंश्रिता:

English

He should carefully increase the arsenals and treasuries and increase all stores, and also machines and maces.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत्पर और सब ओरसे निर्भय हो जाती है

English

Wood, iron, chaff, charcoal, timber, horn, bone and bamboo, marrow, oil, fat, honey and herbs,

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसका एक चौथाई भाग राजा भी प्राप्त कर लेता है

English

hemp, resin, grain, weapons and arrows, hides, sinews, cane, munja and balbaja grass, and bows.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देवा मनुष्या: पितरो गन्धर्वोरगराक्षसा:

English

Reservoirs and wells with abundant water, and milk-giving trees, should always be preserved by the king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इतो दत्तेन जीवन्ति देवता: पितरस्तथा

English

Teachers, priests, household priests, great archers, architects, astrologers and physicians should be honoured with effort,

हिन्दी अर्थ

छायायामप्सु वायौ च सुखमुष्णेडधिगच्छति

English

wise, intelligent, self-controlled, skilled, brave, learned, well born, strong in sattva, and engaged in all works.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शब्दे स्पर्शे रसे रूपे गन्धे च रमते मन:

English

The king should honour the righteous, restrain the unrighteous, and with effort set all classes to their own works.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न हि प्राणसमं दान त्रिषु लोकेषु विद्यते

English

Having thoroughly learned through spies the outer and inner people of town and country, he should then assign work.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उभौ समीक्ष्य धर्मार्थावप्रमेयावनन्तरम्

English

Spies, counsel, treasury, and especially counsel, the king himself should attend to, for everything here is based on these.

हिन्दी अर्थ

राजा चैवंगुणो येषां कुशलं तेषु सर्वश:

English

All that the neutral, the enemy and friends intend should be known in city and country with the eye of spies.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भवेयातां स्थितौ धर्मे श्रद्धेयौ सुतपस्विनौ

English

Then all should be arranged without carelessness, ever honouring the devoted and restraining the hostile.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रह्मक्षत्रस्य सम्मानात् प्रजा सुखमवाप्नुयात्

English

One should always sacrifice with sacrifices and give without oppression; protection of subjects should be done, and no censured deed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्र्माक्षत्रं हि सर्वेषां वर्णानां मूलमुच्यते

English

He should always provide security, welfare and livelihood for the wretched, helpless, aged, widows and women.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सभी वर्णोंके मूल कहे जाते हैं

English

In the hermitages, in due time, a king should always send clothing, vessels and food, honouring and not disregarding.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऐलकश्यपसंवादं तन्निबोध युधिछिर

English

He should entrust himself, all affairs and the kingdom to an ascetic, and always remain humble with effort.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उदाहरण दिया करते हैं। युधिष्ठिर! तुम उसे सुनो

English

A king should honour with bed, seat and food a man renouncing all aims, well born and learned, on seeing such a one.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा वर्ण तत्र विदन्ति सन्त:

English

In him a king should place trust in any calamity, though robbers also place trust in ascetics.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोगोंको अपने अधीन कर लेते हैं

English

In him he should deposit treasures and take counsel, but not attend him constantly or honour him too much.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ही कर पाते हैं। इतना ही नहीं, उन ब्राह्मणोंके पुत्रोंका वेदाध्ययन भी नहीं हो पाता

English

Another such should be made in one's own kingdom, another in other kingdoms, another in forests and in the cities of neighbours.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ये ब्राह्मणान् क्षत्रिया: संत्यजन्ति

English

To them he should give honours, refinements and shares, as in his own country, for those stationed in other kingdoms and forests.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षत्रं वै ब्रह्मणो योनिर्योनि: क्षत्रस्य वै द्विजा:

English

Those ascetics of keen vows, in any condition, would give refuge to a king seeking refuge, as they wish.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सतत: सर्व भवति हि सम्प्रमूढम्

English

This summary of the marks has been told to you briefly, of the kind of city a king should himself dwell in."

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुतो रुद्रो जायते देव एष:

English

" Vyasa said, 'By penances, religious rites, and gifts, O Bharata, a man may wash off his sins if he does not commit them again. By subsisting upon only one meal a day, and that procured by mendicancy, by doing all his acts himself (without relying on the aid of a servant), by making his round of mendicancy with a human skull in one hand and a khattanga in another, by becoming a Brahmacharin and always ready for exertion, by casting off all malice, by sleeping on the bare ground, by publishing his offence to the world, by doing all this for full twelve years, a person can cleanse himself from the sin of having slain a Brahmana. By perishing upon the weapon of a person living by the use of arms, of one's own will and upon the advice of persons learned in the scriptures, or by throwing one's self down, for three times, with head downwards, upon a blazing fire, or by walking a hundred Yojanas all the while reciting the Vedas, or by giving away one's whole property to a Brahmana conversant with the Vedas, or at least so much as would secure to him a competence for life, or a house properly furnished, and by protecting kine and Brahmanas, one may be cleansed of the sin of having slain a Brahmana. By living upon the scantiest meal every day for a space of six years, a person may be cleansed of that sin. 2 By observing a harder vow with regard to food one may be cleansed in three years. 3 By living upon one meal a month, one may be cleansed in course of only a year. By observing, again, an absolute fast, one may be cleansed within a very short time. There is no doubt again that: one is cleansed by a Horse-sacrifice. Men that have been guilty of having slain

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्येछ्लेनाभिजनेनास्य प्राप्त पूर्व यदुत्तरम्

English

"Protection of the kingdom and collection of the kingdom I shall tell you rightly; hear it all, in truth, with a single mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुचुकुन्दकी सेनाओंको कुचलना आरम्भ किया

English

A lord of a village should be appointed, then a lord of ten villages, and likewise of twenty, a hundred and a thousand.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संसारकी रक्षा नहीं कर सकते

English

The village headman should look after the village's affairs and faults; he should report to the lord of ten, who reports to the lord of twenty.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अस्त्रबाहुबलं नित्य क्षत्रियेषु प्रतिष्ठितम्

English

He too, the lord of twenty, should report all conduct in the countryside to the guardian of a hundred villages.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा च मां प्रवर्तन्तं कि गर्हस्यलकाधिप

English

Whatever is enjoyed by the villagers, the headman may enjoy; he should be supported by the lord of ten, and he by the lord of twice that.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाहं राज्यमनिर्दिष्टं कस्मैचिद् विदधाम्युत

English

The overseer of a hundred villages deserves to enjoy a village, honoured, a great, prosperous one crowded with people, Bharata; in it much depends on the king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवमुक्त: प्रत्युवाच मुचुकुन्दो महीपति:

English

The lord of a thousand deserves the best branch town, ready to enjoy the kingdom's grain and gold.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बाहुवीर्यार्जितं राज्यमश्नीयामिति कामये

English

Whatever concerns the village and the headman, some righteous minister, untiring, should himself oversee.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कामद्वेषाद् बध्यते मुहुते च

English

a Brahmana and that have succeeded in taking the final bath at the completion of the Horse-sacrifice, become cleansed of all their sins. This is an injunction of great authority in the Srutis. One again, by slaying down his life in a battle undertaken for the sake of a Brahmana, becomes cleansed of the sin of having slain a Brahmana. By giving away a hundred thousand kine unto persons deserving of gifts, one becomes cleansed of the sin of having slain a Brahmana as also, indeed, of all his sins. One that gives away five and twenty thousand kine of the Kapila species and while all of them have calved, becomes cleansed of all his sins. One who, at the point of death, gives away a thousand kine with calves unto poor but deserving persons, becomes freed from sin. That man, O king, who gives away a hundred steeds of the Kamvoja breed unto Brahmanas of regulated behaviour, becomes freed from sin. That man. O Bharata, who gives unto even one person all that he asks for, and who, having given it, does not speak of his act to any one, becomes freed from sin. If a person who has once taken alcohol drinks (as expiation) hot liquor, he sanctifies himself both here and hereafter. By falling from the summit of a mountain or entering a blazing fire, or by going on an everlasting journey after renouncing the world, one is freed from all sins. By performing the sacrifice laid down by Vrihaspati, a Brahmana who drinks alcoholic liquors may succeed in attaining to the region of Brahman. This has been said by Brahman himself. If a person, after having drunk alcoholic liquor, becomes humble and makes a gift of land, and abstains from it ever afterwards, he becomes sanctified and cleansed. The person that has violated his preceptor's bed,

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः सर्व स्पृश्यते पुण्यपापै:

English

Considering sale, purchase, road, food, expense, and security and welfare, he should levy taxes on merchants.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुष्कृतं वा कस्य हेतोरन कुर्यात्

English

Having repeatedly considered the output, the livelihood given and the craft, he should levy on craftsmen corresponding to their craft.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तब किसलिये कोई पुण्य करे और किसलिये पाप न करे?

English

Taxes high and low were just for earlier kings, Yudhishthira; the lord of the earth should act so that they do not decline.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रापस्तथा साध्वसाधून् पुनन्ति

English

Considering fruit and work, he should arrange all; no one should engage in fruit and work without cause.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यो वै पुण्यं चरते यश्च पापम्

English

As king and doer would both share in the work, the king should always levy taxes after considering.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न तत्र मृत्युर्न जरा नोत दुःखम्

English

He should not cut off the root of himself or others out of greed; a king should block the doors of desire, showing kindly affection.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोकमें जाकर आनन्दका अनुभव करता है

English

They hate a king who is known as a great devourer; how can one hated find good or the beloved gain the dear?

हिन्दी अर्थ

बह्वदी: समा: प्रतपत्रप्रतिष्ठ:

English

The kingdom should be milked like a calf by one of untiring wisdom; a supported calf of grown strength bears pain, Bharata.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अग्र्यो हि ब्राह्मण: प्रोक्त: सर्वस्यैवेह धर्मत:

English

A calf too much milked does not work, Yudhishthira; a kingdom too much milked also does not do great work.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्व श्रेष्ठ विशिष्टं च निवेद्यं तस्य धर्मत:

English

A king who favours the kingdom and, himself supporting it, lives on what has arisen gains very great fruit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

राजाको भी अवश्य ऐसा ही करना चाहिए

English

Kings gather stores here for calamity; the kingdom should be a treasure, and the treasure in the house.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं राज्ञा विशेषण पूज्या वै ब्राह्म॒णा: सदा

English

He should show compassion to all townsfolk and country folk, dependants and those close, as far as able, even all the inner ones.

हिन्दी अर्थ

योगक्षेमो हि राज्ञो हि समायत्त: पुरोहिते

English

Having divided the outer people, the middle should be enjoyed in comfort; thus people, happy or unhappy, are not enraged.

हिन्दी अर्थ

राजाका योगक्षेम पुरोहितके अधीन है

English

Before collecting tax, after speaking repeatedly, assembling in his own country, he should show fear in the kingdom:

हिन्दी अर्थ

दृष्टं च राजा बाहुभ्यां तद् राज्यं सुखमेधते

English

"This calamity has arisen, a great fear from an enemy's army; it might not end, like the bearing of fruit on a bamboo.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुचुकुन्दस्य संवादं राज्ञो वैश्रवणस्य च

English

My enemies, risen with many robbers, wish to oppress this kingdom for their own destruction.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उदाहरण दिया करते हैं

English

In this dreadful calamity, a dreadful fear having come, I shall ask your wealth for protection.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लिये अलकापति कुबेरपर चढ़ाई की

English

And I shall repay you all when the fear is gone; enemies will not repay what they take by force from here.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ते बलान्यवमृद्नन्त मुचुकुन्दस्य नैरऋता:

English

One's own wealth perishes by itself if one begins with wives; even if wealth is gathered for sons and wives.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गर्हयामास विद्धांसं पुरोहितमरिंदम:

English

I delight in your power as in my sons' and urge you; I favour you as able without oppressing the kingdom.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरोहित वसिष्ठजीको इसके लिये उलाहना दिया

English

In calamities you must bear it, like good oxen; I shall not make wealth dearer to you in any calamity."

हिन्दी अर्थ

रक्षांस्युपावधीत् तस्य पन्थानं चाप्यविन्दत

English

With such sweet, smooth words and courteous manner he should release his own reins, taking the yoke, knowing the time.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वध्यमानेषु सैन्येषु वचन चेदमब्रवीत्

English

Considering pasturage, the support of servants, expense, the danger from cattle-villages, and security and welfare, he should levy taxes on cattle-owners.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न चैवं समवर्तन्त यथा त्वमिह वर्तसे

English

Cattle-owners living in forests perish if neglected; therefore toward them he should act especially gently first.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आगम्य पर्युपासन्ते मामीशं सुखदुःखयो:

English

Conciliation, protection, giving, arrangement, repeated shares and pleasant things should be done for cattle-owners, Partha.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इतना घमण्ड क्‍यों कर रहे हो?

English

Their produce is to be used constantly; it strengthens the kingdom, trade and agriculture.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न्यायपूर्वमसंरब्धमसम्भ्रान्तमिदं वच:

English

Therefore the wise should show affection to cattle-owners with effort, merciful and careful, levying mild taxes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पृथग्बलविधानं तन्न लोक॑ परिपालयेत्

English

Security and welfare everywhere are easy for cattle-owners, dear one; there is no wealth like this, Yudhishthira."