Anushasana Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

शृणु मे हैहयश्रेष्ठ कर्मात्रे: सुमहात्मन: मुझसे महात्मा अत्रिके महान् कर्मका वर्णन सुनो

English

station equal to that of the very deities. Verily, Ganga, possessed of fame and vast extent and identical with the entire universe and reverenced by the deities with Indra at their head, the Munis and human beings, is competent to bestow the fruition of all their wishes upon them that are blind, them that are idiots, and them that are destitute of all things. l They that sought the refuge of Ganga, that protectress of all the universe, that flows in three streams, that is filled with water at once highly sacred and sweet as honey and productive of every kind of good, have succeeded in attaining to the beatitude of Heaven. 2 That mortal who dwells by the side of Ganga and beholds her every day, becomes cleansed by her sight and touch. Unto him the deities give every kind of happiness here and a high end hereafter. Ganga is regarded as competent to rescue every creature from sin and lead him to the felicity of Heaven. She is held to be identical with Prisni, the mother of Vishnu. She is identical with the Word or Speech. She is very remote, being incapable of easy attainment. She is the embodiment of auspiciousness and prosperity. She is capable of bestowing the six well-known attributes beginning with lordship or puissance. She is always inclined to extend her grace. She is the displayer of all things in the universe, and she is the high refuge of all creatures. Those who have sought her protection in this life have surely attained heaven. The fame of Ganga has spread all over the welkin, and Heaven, and Earth, and all the points, cardinal and subsidiary, of the compass. Mortal creatures, by using the waters of that foremost of streams, always become crowned with high success. That person who himself beholding Ganga, points her out to others, finds that Ganga rescues him from rebirth and confers Emancipation on him. Ganga held Guha, the generalissimo of the celestial forces, in her womb. She bears the most precious of all metals, viz., gold, also in that womb of hers. They who bathe in her waters every day in the morning, succeed in obtaining the aggregate of three, viz., Righteousness, Wealth and Pleasure. Those waters are, again, equal in point of sanctity to the butter that is poured with Mantras on the sacrificial fire. Capable of cleansing one from every sin, she has descended from the celestial region, and her current is held in high esteem by every one. Ganga is the daughter of Himavat, the spouse of Hara, and the ornament of both Heaven and Earth. She is the bestower of everything auspicious, and is competent to confer the six well-known attributes beginning with lordship or puissance. Verily O king, Ganga is the one object of great sanctity in the three worlds and confers merit upon all. Truly, O monarch, Ganga is Righteousness in liquefied form. She is energy also running in a liquid form over the Earth. She is endued with

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रोवाच सहितो देवै: सोमपावश्चिनौ कुरु

English

[Vasudeva] Listen attentively, O king, best of the Bharatas, as I tell the virtues of brahmins truly, best of the Kurus.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मादेतान् नरो नित्यं दूरत: परिवर्जयेत् अतः इन्हें सदाके लिये दूरसे ही त्याग देना चाहिए

English

Pradyumna, angered by brahmins, asked: "What fruit is there in worship of brahmins, Madhusudana, for one who is a lord, here and hereafter?

हिन्दी अर्थ

दीप्तमन्निं जुह्बते च गुरूणां वचने स्थिता:

English

Always honouring the twice-born, what fruit is there, giver of honour? Tell me all this, father; I have a great doubt here."

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रह्माण्यो ब्राह्मणेभ्यश्ष प्रणणमामि च नित्यश: धर्मकी प्राप्ति हुई है

English

So addressed by Pradyumna then, I replied to him, great king; hear it attentively.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सप्तपञ्चाशदधिकशततमोध्याय:

English

Know, son of Rukmini, the fruit of worshipping brahmins: they are indeed the kings of soma, the lords of happiness and sorrow.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कं तु कर्मोदयं दृष्टवा तानर्चसि जनाधिप तानर्चसि महाबाहो सर्वमेतद् वदस्व मे

English

In this world, son of Rukmini, and in the next, child, happiness has brahmins foremost; I have no doubt here.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दृष्टि रखकर आप उनकी आराधना करते थे? यह सब मुझे बताइये

English

Valour, life, fame, glory and strength have brahmins foremost; the worlds and the world-lords are all preceded by brahmins.

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्युष्टिं ब्राह्मणपूजायां दृष्टव्युष्टिमहाव्रत: विषयकी सारी बातें बतायेंगे

English

So how should I not honour them, child, as if I were a lord? Mighty-armed, let there be no anger in you toward the twice-born.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अविध्यत शरैस्तत्र स्वर्भानु: सोमभास्करौ

English

the splendour or puissance that belongs to the butter that is poured with Mantras on the sacrificial fire. She is always adorned with large waves as also with Brahmanas who may at all times be seen performing their ablutions in her waters. Falling from Heaven, she was held by Siva on his head. The very mother of the heavens, she has sprung from the highest mountain for running over the plains and conferring the most precious benefits on all creatures of the Earth. She is the highest cause of all things; she is perfectly stainless. She is as subtile as Brahma. She affords the best bed for the dying. She leads creatures very quickly to heaven. She bears away a large volume of water. She bestows great fame on all. She is the protectress of the universe, l She is identical with every form. She is very much coveted by persons crowned with success. Verily, Ganga is the path to Heaven of those that have bathed in her current. 2 The Brahmanas hold Ganga as equalling the Earth in forgiveness, and in the protection and upholding of those that live by her; further, as equalling Fire and Surya in energy and splendour; and, lastly, as always equalling Guha himself in the matter of showing favours unto the regenerate class.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ओर घोर अन्धकार छा गया था) देवा नृपतिशार्दूल सहैव बलिभिस्तदा

English

They could create other worlds and world-lords too; how should I not behave toward them, knowing rightly their great radiance?

हिन्दी अर्थ

साथ ही बलवान दानवोंके हाथसे मारे जाने लगे

English

A brahmin, tawny, dwelt in my house, my son, clad in rags, bearing a bilva staff, with long beard and nails, taller than any man in measure on earth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपश्यन्त तपस्यन्तमत्रिं विप्रं तपोधनम् असुरैरिषुभिर्विद्धौ चन्द्रादित्याविमावुभौ

English

He wandered through the worlds, divine and human, singing these verses at crossroads and in assemblies:

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाधिगच्छाम शान्तिं च भयात् त्रायस्व नः प्रभो

English

"Who will lodge Durvasa, a brahmin honoured in his house? Hearing my declaration, who will give shelter? Whoever lodges me, let him not anger me."

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपश्यत् सौम्यभावाच्च सोमवत् प्रियदर्शन: प्रकाशमकरोददत्रिस्तपसा स्वेन संयुगे

English

No one received him, and so I lodged him.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जगदू वितिमिरं चापि प्रदीप्तमकरोत् तदा

English

Sometimes he ate the food of many thousands at once; sometimes he ate very little, and did not return to the house.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अत्रिणा दह्ामानांस्तान् दृष्टवा देवा महासुरान् उद्धासितश्न सविता देवास्त्राता हतासुरा:

English

He would laugh suddenly and weep suddenly, and none on earth was then his equal in age.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रवीम्यहं ब्रूहि वा त्वमत्रित: क्षत्रियं वरम्

English

Going to his lodging, he burned beds, bedding and adorned maidens, and then left of himself.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शृणु राजन् महत्कर्म च्यवनस्य महात्मन: अब महात्मा च्यवनके माहात्म्यका वर्णन सुनो

English

Then the sage of sharp vows said to me again: "Krishna, I wish to eat payasa," and he was in a hurry.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देवैर्न सम्मितावेतौ तस्मान्मैवं वदस्व न: इस तरहकी बात न कीजिये

English

Knowing his mind, I had earlier instructed the household, "Let all kinds of food and drink, and high and low edibles, be prepared and honoured."

हिन्दी अर्थ

यदन्यद् वक्ष्यसे विप्र तत् करिष्यामि ते वच:

English

Then I presented the boiling payasa; having eaten it he quickly said, "Quickly smear your limbs with the payasa."

हिन्दी अर्थ

उभावेतावपि सुरौ सूर्यपुत्रौ सुरेश्वर आपलोगोंकी भलाई है; अन्यथा इसका परिणाम अच्छा नहीं होगा

English

Without hesitation I did so, and I smeared my limbs and head with his leavings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पिबन्त्वन्ये यथाकामं नाहं पातुमिहोत्सहे

English

He saw your fair-faced mother nearby, and smiling he smeared her too with payasa.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मया प्रमथित: सद्यः सोमं पास्यसि वै मखे पर्वत लेकर वे च्यवन मुनिकी ओर दौड़े

English

The sage quickly yoked to a chariot her whose limbs were smeared with payasa, and mounting the chariot he went out of my house.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तमापततन्तं दृष्टवैव च्यवनस्तपसान्वित:

English

Blazing like fire, the wise brahmin, in place of a draught animal, with a goad pricked the girl Rukmini before my eyes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्य दन्‍तसहस््रं तु बभूव शतयोजनम् हनुस्तस्याभवद् भूमावास्यं चास्यास्पृशद् दिवम्

English

And I had not even a little sorrow or jealousy then. Then he went out on the great royal road.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनब्रुवन् सहिता: शक्रं प्रणमास्मै द्विजातये

English

Seeing that great marvel, the Dasharhas, angered, spoke among themselves, speaking with one another:

हिन्दी अर्थ

हमलोग निश्रिन्त होकर अश्विनीकुमारोंके साथ सोमपान करेंगे” ततः स प्रणत: शक्रश्नकार च्यवनस्य तत्

English

"Only brahmins should be born, never any other class. For who else, mounting this chariot, could live here?

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः प्रत्याहरत् कर्म मर्द च व्यभजन्मुनि:

English

The poison of a snake is sharp, but sharper still is the poison; for one burned by a brahmin-snake there is no physician."

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रवीम्यहं ब्रूहि वा त्वं क्षत्रियं ब्राह्मणाद् वरम्

English

As that invincible one went, Rukmini stumbled on the road; the glorious one could not bear it, and quickly urged her on.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रेष्ठ हैं अथवा तुम, बताओ कौन-सा क्षत्रिय ब्राह्मणसे श्रेष्ठ है? षट्पञज्चाशदधिकशततमो ध्याय:

English

Then, enraged, the brahmin leapt from the chariot and ran on foot off the road, facing south.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शृणु मे ब्राह्माणेष्वेव मुख्यं कर्म जनाधिप

English

I ran after that best of brahmins as he ran off the road, smeared as I was with payasa: "Be gracious, blessed one."

हिन्दी अर्थ

फिर कहा--नरेश्वर! ब्राह्मणोंके और भी जो श्रेष्ठ कर्म हैं, उनका वर्णन सुनो तहैव च्यवनेनेह हृता तेषां वसुन्धरा

English

Then, looking back, the radiant brahmin said to me: "You have conquered anger, Krishna, by your very nature, mighty-armed one.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शोकार्ताश्चि महात्मानं ब्रह्माणं शरणं ययु:

English

I have seen no offence in you here, firm in vows. I am pleased with you, Govinda; choose boons as you wish. See, child, what fruit there is for me when pleased.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आतुर हो महात्मा ब्रह्माजीकी शरणमें गये च्यवनेन हता भूमि: कपैश्नैव दिव॑ं प्रभो

English

As long as men have affection for food, so will they have affection for you.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इत्युक्तास्ते द्विजान् प्राहुर्जयतेह कपानिति

English

As long as holy fame of yours lasts in the worlds, so long you will have pre-eminence in the three worlds, and you will be very dear to all the world, Janardana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः कर्म समारब्धं ब्राह्मणै: कपनाशनम् सच तान् ब्राह्मणानाह धनी कपवचो यथा

English

Whatever of yours has been broken, burned or destroyed, you will see it all the same, or better, Janardana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उन ब्राह्मणोंसे कपोंका संदेश इस प्रकार कहा--

English

As long as this smearing is on your limbs, Madhusudana, you have no fear of death, as long as you wish, Achyuta.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वे वेदविद: प्राज्ञा: सर्वे च क्रतुयाजिन: श्रीक्षेव रमते तेषु धारयन्ति श्रियं च ते

English

But why was it not smeared on the soles of your feet today, my son? I do not like that." So he said to me then, pleased. So addressed, I saw my body endowed with splendour.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हैं। प्रजजलित अग्निमें आहुति देते और गुरुजनोंकी आज्ञामें स्थित रहते हैं स्वर्गतिं चैव गच्छन्ति तथैव शुभकर्मिण:

English

And, pleased, he said to Rukmini: "You will gain the best of fame among all women, and supreme glory in the world, fair one.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पूर्वल्निषु न दीव्यन्ति दिवा चैव न शेरते

English

Neither old age nor disease nor loss of colour will touch you, lovely one; of holy fragrance, you will worship Krishna.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विजेष्यथ निवर्तथ्व॑ निवृत्तानां सुखं हि व: आपलोगोंको सुख मिलेगा”

English

Among Keshava's sixteen thousand wives you will be the foremost, together with the world-honoured one, Keshava's."

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यसृजन् ज्वलितानग्नीन् कपानां प्राणनाशनान्

English

Having said this to your mother, the greatly radiant Durvasa, blazing like fire, then departed and spoke again to me.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कपोंपर प्रज्वलित एवं प्राणनाशक अग्निका प्रहार करने लगे बादलोंके समान प्रकाशित होने लगे

English

"May this very mind of yours be toward brahmins, Keshava." Having said so, child, he vanished right there.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेनाभ्यजानन् हि तदा ब्राह्मुणै्निहतान् कपान्

English

When he had vanished, I privately laid down a vow: "Whatever a brahmin says, I shall do it all."

हिन्दी अर्थ

समय उन्हें यह मालूम नहीं था कि ब्राह्मणोंने कपोंका विनाश कर डाला है यथा हता महाभागैस्तेजसा ब्राह्मणै:ः कपा:

English

Having kept this vow with your mother, child, I entered the house, with a joyful mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

महाभाग ब्राह्मणोंने अपने तेजसे कपोंका नाश किया है

English

As soon as I entered the house, I saw everything new, whatever had been broken or burned by that brahmin, my son.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रशशंसुर्दधिजांश्चापि ब्राह्मुणांश्व॒ यशस्विन: अवाप्ुवंश्वामरत्वं त्रिषु लोकेषु पूजितम्

English

Then I was filled with wonder, seeing everything new and sound, and in my mind I honoured that twice-born, son of Rukmini.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सम्मानित होकर अमरत्व प्राप्त कर लिया

English

So I then told Rukmini's son, as he asked, O bull of the Bharatas, the whole greatness of the chief of the twice-born.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वया प्रोक्तानि कार्त्स्न्येन श्रुतानि प्रयतेन च

English

So you too, son of Kunti, lord, always honour brahmins, the greatly fortunate, with words and gifts, always.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वर्णन किया और मैंने ध्यान देकर उन सबको श्रवण किया है भगुभ्यस्ते भयं घोरं तत् तु कालाद भविष्यति

English

Thus I gained fortune born of the favour of brahmins, and what Bhishma here says to me is true, bull of the Bharatas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न चाति तूर्ण सविताद्य याति

English

Those men who, in this life, even mentally seek with their whole souls that sacred stream which is praised by the Rishis, which has issued out of the feet of Vishnu, which is very ancient, and which is exceedingly sacred, succeed in repairing to the regions of Brahman. Fully convinced that children and other possessions, as also regions possessed by every kind of felicity, are transitory or liable to destruction, men of subdued souls, who are desirous of attaining to that everlasting station which is identical with Brahma, always pay their adorations to Ganga with that reverence and love which are due from a son to mother. The men of cleansed soul who is desirous of achieving success should seek the protection of Ganga who is like a cow that yields Amrita instead of ordinary milk, who is prosperity's self, who is possessed of omniscience, who exists for the entire universe of creatures, who is the source of all kinds of food, who is the mother of all mountains, who is the refuge of all righteous persons, who is immeasurable in puissance and energy, and who charms the heart of Brahma himself. Having, with austere penances, gratified all the deities with the Supreme Lord (Vishnu), Bhagiratha brought Ganga down on the Earth. Repairing unto her, men always succeed in freeing themselves from every kind of fear both here and hereafter. Observing with the aid of intelligence, I have mentioned to thee only a small part of the merits of Ganga. My power, however, is inadequate to speak of all the merits of the sacred river, or, indeed, to measure her puissance and sanctity. One may, by putting forth one's best powers, count the stones that occur in the mountains of Meru or measure the waters that occur in the ocean, but one cannot count all the

हिन्दी अर्थ

विक्षोभ्य हैत्यानुरगान् दानवांश्ष॒ यत्रोत्पन्नमृषिमाहुर्वसिष्ठम्

English

[Yudhishthira] I wish to know in truth the greatness of that great soul and his names, O best of the wise.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वे कृष्णादृषयश्चैव सप्त

English

[Vasudeva] Come, I shall tell you, having saluted the matted-haired god, what good I gained, great king, and what fame I won.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रद्युम्न: परिपप्रच्छ ब्राह्मणैः परिकोपित: उस समय मैं द्वारकामें ही था। प्रद्युम्नने मुझसे आकर पूछा--

English

Hear from me, lord of the people, the Shatarudriya that I recite after rising in the morning, self-controlled and with folded hands.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणप्रमुखं सौम्यं न मे5त्रास्ति विचारणा

English

Prajapati created that at the end of austerity; but Shankara created, child, creatures moving and unmoving.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संतुष्ट करना चाहिए मा ते मन्युर्महाबाहो भवत्वत्र द्विजान् प्रति

English

There is no being higher than Mahadeva, lord of the people; in these three worlds he is the origin of beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करनेमें समर्थ) हँ--ऐसा मानकर तुम्हें ब्राह्मणोंके प्रति क्रोध नहीं करना चाहिए

English

No one can stand before the great soul, for no being equal to him exists in the three worlds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

और यदि क्रोधमें भर जायेँ तो इस जगत्को भस्म कर सकते हैं कथं तेषु न वर्तेरन् सम्यग् ज्ञानातू सुतेजस:

English

Even by his smell in battle, when he is angry, enemies lose their senses, are mostly slain, tremble and fall.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चीरवासा बिल्वदण्डी दीर्घश्मश्रु: कृशो महान्

English

Hearing his terrible roar, like the thunder of a rain cloud, the heart of the gods themselves would burst in battle.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नहीं है। आज सूर्यदेव अधिक तेजीसे नहीं चलते हैं शेषं कृष्णादुपशिक्षस्व पार्थ

English

merits which belong to the waters of Ganga. Hence, having listened to these particular merits of Ganga which I have uttered with great devotion, one should, in thought, word and deed, reverence them with faith and devotion. In consequence of thy having listened to those merits which I have recited, thou art sure to fill all the three regions with fame and attain to a measure of success that is very large and that is difficult of being attained to by any other person. Verily, thou shalt, soon after that, sport in joy many a region of great felicity created by Ganga herself for those that reverence her. Ganga always extends her grace unto those that are devoted to her with humbleness of heart. She unites those that are so devoted to her with every kind of happiness. I pray that the highly-blessed Ganga may always inspire thy heart and mine with such attributes as are fraught with righteousness'.

हिन्दी अर्थ

है। अब जो कुछ बाकी रह गया हो, उसकी भगवान् श्रीकृष्णसे शिक्षा लो

English

"Bhishma continued, 'The learned ascetic endued with high intelligence and great illumination, and crowned with success, having in this manner discoursed unto that poor Brahmana in the observance of the Sila vow, on the subjects of the infinite merits of Ganga, then ascended the firmament. The Brahmana in the observance of Sila vow, awakened by the words of that ascetic crowned with success, duly worshipped Ganga and attained to high success. Do thou also, O son of Kunti, seek Ganga with great devotion, for thou shalt then, as the reward thereof, attain to high and excellent success.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सोयं धर्म वक्ष्यति संशयेषु धर्मका उपदेश करेंगे

English

"Vaisampayana continued 'Hearing this discourse from Bhishma that was fraught with the praise of Ganga, Yudhishthira with his brothers became filled with great delight. That person who recites or hears recited this sacred discourse fraught with the praise of Ganga, becomes cleansed of every sin.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

स पर्वतान् व्यसृजद् वै दिशश्चल॒

English

By the sound of his bowstring all the worlds were thrown into confusion, Partha, helpless; and gods and asuras were dismayed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स निर्ममे विश्वमिदं पुराणम् यत् तत् तिष्ठत्यर्णवं तर्जयानम्

English

The waters were churned, the earth trembled, the mountains fled, and heaven split on all sides.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पृथ्वीपर आयेंगे (अर्थात् उस समय अधर्म ही बलवान् होगा)

English

The worlds, covered with blind darkness, did not shine; the light of the luminaries was lost, along with the sun, O Bharata.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स विश्वस्यास्य जगतश्नलाभिगोप्ता जगतके रक्षा करनेवाले हैं

English

Then, greatly afraid, the sages, wishing well to all beings and themselves, performed pacification and blessings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परांक्ष लोकानपरांश्ष पाति

English

Then, angry, of terrible valour, he rushed at the gods; enraged, he knocked out Bhaga's eyes with a blow.

हिन्दी अर्थ

राहुं सोम॑ विद्धि च शक्रमेनम् स्‍्तं कर्मभिविंदितं वै स्तुवन्ति

English

With a great form he ran at Pushan and knocked out his teeth as he ate the sacrificial cake.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मै हविरध्वर्यव: कल्पयन्ति

English

Then the gods, trembling, bowed to Shankara; and Rudra again fixed a blazing, sharp arrow.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वसिष्ठकी उत्पत्ति हुई बतायी जाती है

English

Seeing Rudra's prowess, the gods with the sages, afraid, then appeased Sharva, those best of the gods.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्योत्तरं दक्षिणं चायने द्वे उत्तरायण और दक्षिणायन इन्हींके दो मार्ग हैं

English

The gods, folding their hands, recited the Shatarudriya; praised by the gods, Maheshvara was pleased.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सप्ताश्वयुक्त वहते वै त्रिधाम

English

The gods assigned Rudra a distinguished share in the sacrifice; fearful, they took refuge, O king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृष्णं सदा पार्थ कर्तारमेहि समस्त कार्योंका कर्ता समझो

English

By that very rage the sacrifice was mended, and whatever was destroyed there was restored in the same way.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वत्रग: सर्वमग्नौ जुहोति

English

The asuras had three strong cities in the sky, one of iron, one of silver, and another of gold.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्त्रिवच्छिरा क्षतुरश्वस्त्रिनाभि: हृषीकेशो5मितदीप्ताग्नितेजा:

English

Maghavan could not break them even with all weapons; then all the immortals, afflicted, went to Rudra for refuge.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हृषीकेशने ही वन और पर्वतोंको उत्पन्न किया है

English

Then the assembled great-souled gods said: "Rudra, creatures will be fierce in all their works. Kill the daityas with their cities and save the worlds, giver of honour."

हिन्दी अर्थ

विप्रैरैको ऋक्‍्सहस: पुराणै: विष्वक्सेन: सर्वमेतत् प्रतीहि

English

So addressed, he agreed, making Vishnu the best arrow, Agni the point, Yama Vaivasvata the feathering, the Vedas the bow, and Savitri the supreme bowstring.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रीकृष्णका ही स्वरूप समझो

English

Having made the gods the sound of the chariot and set all in place, with a three-jointed, three-headed arrow he pierced those cities.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विष्वक्सेनात् सर्वमेतत् प्रसूतम् इन सबकी उत्पत्ति श्रीकृष्णसे ही हुई है

English

By an arrow bright as the sun, with the splendour of the fire of dissolution, those asuras with their cities were burned there by Rudra, O Bharata.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रह्मा भूत्वा सृजते विश्वसंघान् चराचरं केशवं त्वं प्रतीहि

English

Seeing that child with five crests in his lap, Uma, wishing to know, then asked, "Who is this?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

विश्वास करो कि सारा चराचर जगत् श्रीकृष्णका ही स्वरूप है

English

Jealous, Shakra was about to strike with the thunderbolt; he stopped that arm, like an iron bar, along with the bolt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुराकरोत् सर्वमेवाथ विश्वम् माज्ञापयत्यात्मयोनिर्महात्मा

English

The gods did not know him, the lord of the world; the Prajapatis were all bewildered about that Ishvara.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आकाशस्वरूप बनकर इस पृथ्वीपर प्रचुर जलकी वर्षा करते हैं

English

Then the blessed Brahma, meditating, knew "He is the best," and saluted that immeasurably mighty husband of Uma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वान् सदा भूतपति: सिसृक्षु: सर्व होतत् केशवं त्वं प्रतीहि

English

Then the gods appeased Uma and Rudra, and the slayer of Bala's arm became as before.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अच्छी तरह समझ लेना चाहिए

English

He also, becoming a brahmin named Durvasa, of great might, lived long in my house at Dvaravati.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विष्वक्सेनात् सर्वमेतत् प्रतीहि श्रीकृष्णसे ही प्रकट होते हैं, यह निश्चितरूपसे जान लो

English

He caused many offences in my house, and I, out of generosity, bore what was unbearable.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बुभूषतां प्रभवश्वाव्ययश्व

English

He is Devendra, the Wind, the Ashvins, lightning, the Moon, Ishana, the Sun and Varuna.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अष्टपञज्चाशदधिकशततमोध्याय: वेत्ता त्वमस्य चार्थस्य वेद त्वां हि पितामह:

English

He is Time, the Ender, Death, darkness, night and days, fortnights, months, seasons, twilights and the year.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथार्थरूपसे वर्णन करता हूँ, आप ध्यान देकर सुनिये

English

He is Establisher and Ordainer, Vishvakarman, all-knowing, the stars, the directions and intermediate directions, and the planets: universal form, immeasurable self, the blessed one of limitless radiance.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ईश्वरत्वं कुतस्तेषामिहैव च परत्र च

English

He is one, two, many, a hundred, a thousand, a hundred thousand.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्पष्टरूपसे बताइये, क्योंकि इस विषयमें मुझे महान् संदेह है” प्रत्यत्रुवं महाराज यत् तच्छुणु समाहित:

English

Such is the great god, and more so; his virtues cannot be told even in hundreds of years.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बढ़ी हुई थीं। वह देखनेमें दुबला-पतला और ऊँचे कदका था स स्वैरं चरते लोकान् ये दिव्या ये च मानुषा:

English

productions of the Earth and the butter produced by the cow. The deities, therefore, are said to be chiefly supported by the Earth and the Cow. The Asuras, by afflicting the Earth and killing kine, used to weaken

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत्राजल्पन् मिथ: केचित् समाभाष्य परस्परम्

English

They call him Fire, Mahadeva, Sthanu, Maheshvara, One-eyed, Three-eyed, Universal form and Shiva.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तव मातरमित्युक्त्वा ततो मां पुनरब्रवीत् एषैव ते बुद्धिरस्तु ब्राह्मणान्प्रति केशव

English

Brahmins who know the Veda know that god has two bodies: one terrible and the other auspicious; and those two again take many forms.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतद् व्रतमहं कृत्वा मात्रा ते सह पुत्रक

English

His fierce and terrible body is fire, lightning and the sun; his auspicious and gentle one is dharma, water and the moon.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रविष्टमात्रश्न गृहे सर्व पश्यामि तन्नवम् ततोऊहं विस्मयं प्राप्त: सर्व दृष्टवा नवं दृढम्

English

Half of his self is called Fire, O best of the Bharatas; he practises celibacy, and his body is the auspicious one.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बड़ा आश्चर्य हुआ और मैंने मन-ही-मन द्विजोंकी सदा ही पूजा की

English

By his most terrible form he withdraws the world; because of lordship and greatness he is known as Maheshvara.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यच्च मामाह भीष्मो5यं तत्सत्यं भरतर्षभ अवाप्तमिह विज्ञान तन्मे व्याख्यातुमरहसि

English

Because he burns, is sharp and fierce and mighty, eating flesh, blood and marrow, he is called Rudra.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विज्ञान प्राप्त हुआ, उसे विस्तारपूर्वक मुझे बताइये

English

Because he is greatest of the gods, his domain is great, and he protects the great universe, he is held to be Mahadeva.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथार्थरूपसे जानना चाहता हूँ। वह सब विस्तारपूर्वक बताइये यदवाप्तं मया राजन् श्रेयो यच्चार्जितं यश:

English

Because he always prospers all aims by all acts, wishing welfare for men, he is held to be Shiva.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मानव लोकोंमें इच्छानुसार विचरण करता था

English

Mandakini; and in the nether regions it is known by the name of Bhogabati.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुर्वाससं वासयेत् को ब्राह्मुणं सत्कृतं गृहे परिभाषां च मे श्रुत्वा को नु दद्यात् प्रतिश्रयम्

English

were reduced to ashes by the curse of Kapila. Afterwards Bhagiratha, a prince of the same race, brought down Ganga from heaven for their redemption.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न चास्य वयसा तुल्य: पृथिव्यामभवत् तदा

English

literally, large or vast, is explained by the commentator as implying foremost or superior.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समय इस पृथ्वीपर उनका समवयस्क कोई नहीं था कृष्ण पायसमिच्छामि भोक्तुमित्येव सत्वर:

English

Both the vernacular translators have misunderstood it completely.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततोऊहं ज्वलमानं वै पायसं प्रत्यवेदयम्

English

Because he protects animals in every way and delights in them, and is their lord, he is held to be Pashupati.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सारे अंगोंमें पोत लो" तेनोच्छिष्टेन गात्राणि शिरश्वैवा भ्यम॒क्षयम्

English

Because his linga stands by constant celibacy, and the worlds honour it, he is held to be Maheshvara.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सिरपर तथा अन्य सारे अंगोंमें पोत ली

English

One who worships the form or the linga of the great soul, worshipping the linga, always enjoys great prosperity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तामपि स्मयमानां स पायसेनाभ्यलेपयम् तमारुहा रथं चैव निर्ययौ स गृहान्मम

English

Sages, gods, gandharvas and apsarases worship only that linga which stands upright.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जोत दिया और उसी रथपर बैठकर वे मेरे घरसे निकले

English

When he is worshipped, Maheshvara rejoices; pleased, he gives happiness to devotees, fond of his devotees.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रतोदेनातुदद् बालां रुक्मिणीं मम पश्यत: तथा स राजमार्गेण महता निर्ययौ बहि:

English

This god lives always in cremation grounds, and people sacrifice to him there, delighting in the heroes' place.

हिन्दी अर्थ

को होन॑ रथमास्थाय जीवेदन्य: पुमानिह तन्नामर्षयत श्रीमांस्ततस्तूर्णमचोदयत्

English

Standing unequally in bodies, he is death for creatures here, and he is wind in bodies, the prana and apana of embodied beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तुरंत उसे चाबुकसे हाँकना शुरू किया

English

His terrible and blazing forms are many; those that are worshipped in the world, brahmins, the wise know.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पदातिरुत्पथेनैव प्राद्रवद् दक्षिणामुख: जित: क्रोधस्त्वया कृष्ण प्रकृत्यैव महाभुज

English

His many names in the Vedas are explained truly by greatness, lordship and deeds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यावदेव मनुष्याणामन्ने भावो भविष्यति

English

In the Veda brahmins know his best Shatarudriya, and after Vyasa the praising of the great soul.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यावच्च पुण्या लोकेषु त्वयि कीर्तिर्भविष्यति सुप्रिय: सर्वलोकस्य भविष्यसि जनार्दन

English

He is called giver to all worlds and the great universe; brahmins and other sages call him the eldest being.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्व तथैव द्रष्टासि विशिष्ट वा जनार्दन

English

He is the first of the gods; Fire was born from his mouth; he releases even the vital breaths stopped by many planets.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अतो मृत्युभयं नास्ति यावदिच्छसि चाच्युत नैतन्मे प्रियमित्येवं स मां प्रीतो5ब्रवीत् तदा

English

The holy-souled refuge frees those who take refuge: life, health, lordship, wealth and abundant desires.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रुक्मिणीं चाब्रवीत् प्रीत: सर्वस्त्रीणां वरं यश:

English

He gives them to men, and he takes them away again; lordship over Shakra and the other gods is said to be his.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न त्वां जरा वा रोगो वा वैवर्ण्य चापि भाविनि षोडशानां सहस््राणां वधूनां केशवस्य ह

English

He is always greater regarding the good and bad of the three worlds; and from lordship over desires he is again called Ishvara.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अधिकारिणी होओगी”

English

He is Maheshvara of the worlds and lord of the great; by his many varied forms this world is pervaded; his mouth in the sea is the underwater fire.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राजजलि: शतरुद्रीयं तन्मे निगदत: शृणु

English

" Yudhishthira said, 'Thou O grandsire, art endued with wisdom and knowledge of the scriptures, with conduct and behaviour, with diverse kinds of excellent attributes, and also with years. Thou art distinguished above others by intelligence and wisdom and penances. I shall, therefore, O thou that art the foremost of all righteous men, desire to address enquiries to thee respecting Righteousness. There is not another man, O king, in all the worlds, who is worthier of being questioned on such subjects. O best of kings, how may one, if he happens to be a Kshatriya or a Vaisya or a Sudra, succeed in acquiring the status of a Brahmana? It behoveth thee to tell me the means. Is it by penances the most austere, or by religious acts, or by knowledge of the scriptures, that a person belonging to any of the three inferior orders succeeds in acquiring the status of a Brahmana? Do tell me this, O grandsire!'

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋषय: सर्वभूतानामात्मनश्न हितैषिण: स्वस्तिवाचन आदि कर्म करने लगे

English

[Yudhishthira] In deciding, O greatly wise one, best of the bearers of all dharma, which is the cause: direct perception or the tradition?

हिन्दी अर्थ

उनमेंसे एक लोहेका, दूसरा चाँदीका और तीसरा सोनेका बना हुआ था

English

[Bhishma] I think there is no doubt here. Hear, wise one; you ask rightly.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स तथोक्तस्तथेत्युक्त्वा कृत्वा विष्णुं शरोत्तमम् तेडसुरा: सपुरास्तत्र दग्धा रुद्रेण भारत

English

Doubt is easy, O king, but decision here is hard; for what is seen and heard is endless where doubt is seen.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उमा जिज्ञासमाना वै कोयमित्यब्रवीत् तदा

English

Reasoners who think themselves wise decide that nothing exists but what is perceived; they decide wrongly, being children who think themselves learned.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देवताओंसे पूछने लगीं--“पहचानो, ये कौन हैं?” स वजन स्तम्भयामास त॑ बाहुं परिघोपमम्

English

If you ask what the one cause would be, it can be found over a long time by one who is disciplined and tireless, arranging many ways of life, O Bharata.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कि उसने परिघके समान मोटी उनकी उस बाँहको वज्रसहित स्तम्भित कर दिया

English

Only by one intent on it, and no other, can this cause be reached; having reached the end of reasons, one gains vast, supreme knowledge, light for all the world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ईश्वरके विषयमें मोह छा गया अयं श्रेष्ठ इति ज्ञात्वा ववन्दे तमुमापतिम्

English

Coming by truth, O king, and reaching the end of reasons, he is ungraspable and unbound, abandoning speech.

हिन्दी अर्थ

'ये ही सबसे श्रेष्ठ देवता हैं' ऐसा जानकर उन्होंने उनकी वन्दना की

English

[Yudhishthira] Tell me, Grandsire, about perception, what is established by the world, tradition-based worlds, and the many kinds of conduct of the cultured.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शड़्करस्त्वसृजत् तात प्रजा: स्थावरजड़मा: समस्त भूतोंकी उत्पत्तिके कारण हैं

English

"Bhishma said, 'The status of a Brahmana, O Yudhishthira, is incapable of acquisition by a person belonging to any of the three other orders. That status is the highest with respect to all creatures. Travelling through innumerable orders of existence, by undergoing repeated births, one at last, in some birth, becomes born as a Brahmana. In this connection is cited an old history, O Yudhishthira, of a conversation between Matanga and a she-ass. Once on a time a Brahmana obtained a son who, though procreated by a person belonging to a different order, had, however, the rites of infancy and youth performed in pursuance of the ordinances laid down for Brahmanas. The child was called by the name of Matanga and was possessed of every accomplishment. His father, desiring to perform a sacrifice, ordered him, O scorcher of foes, to collect the articles required for the act. Having received the command of his father, he set out for the purpose, riding on a car of great speed, drawn by an ass. It so happened that the ass yoked unto that car was of tender years. Instead therefore, of obeying the reins, the animal bore away the car to the vicinity of its dam, viz., the she-ass that had brought it forth. Matanga, dissatisfied with this, began to strike repeatedly the animal with his goad on its nose. Beholding those marks of violence on her child's nose, the she-ass, full of affection for him, said—Do not grieve, O child, for his treatment. A chandala it is that is driving thee. There is no severity in a Brahmana. The Brahmana is said to be the friend of all creatures. He is the teacher also of all creatures and their ruler. Can he chastise any creature so cruelly? This fellow, however, is of sinful deeds. He hath no compassion to show unto even a creature of such tender years as thou. He is simply proving the order of his birth by conducting himself in this way. The nature which he hath derived from his sire forbids the rise of those sentiments of pity and kindness that are natural to the Brahmana. Hearing these harsh words of the she- ass, Matanga quickly, came down from the car and addressing the she-ass, said,— Tell me, O blessed dame, by what fault is my mother stained? How dost thou know that I am a Chandala? Do thou answer me without delay. How, indeed, dost thou know that I am a Chandala? How has my status as a Brahmana been lost? O thou of great wisdom, tell me all this in detail, from beginning to end.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

नहि भूतं सम॑ तेन त्रिषु लोकेषु विद्यते

English

Unrighteous men in the guise of dharma are like wells covered by grass; by them conduct is broken. Hear this, Yudhishthira.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विसंज्ञा हतभूयिष्ठा वेपन्ते च पतन्ति च मृतप्राय होकर थर-थर काँपने एवं गिरने लगते हैं

English

Those who break it by non-conduct, bent on giving up the Veda, haters of dharma, are called fools, without doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रुत्वा विशीर्येद् हृदयं देवानामपि संयुगे

English

Those who are never satisfied with the good, whose minds are of the tradition, content with "this is supreme": serve them and ask them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विदीर्ण हो सकता है न सुरा नासुरा लोके न गन्धर्वा न पन्नगा:

English

Those who, putting desire and wealth behind them, which follow greed and delusion, understand "this is dharma": serve them and ask them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रजापतेश्व॒ दक्षस्य यजतो वितते क्रतौ

English

Their conduct is not broken by sacrifice, study and rites; conduct, cause and dharma are again the three.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गया और महेश्वर कुपित हो गये तब बेचारे देवता विषादमें डूब गये बभूवुरवशा: पार्थ विषेदुश्च सुरसुरा:

English

[Yudhishthira] My mind is bewildered again in doubt, like one who seeks a path in the boundless and sees no far shore.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सभी देवता एवं असुर विषादमें मग्न हो गये

English

If the Vedas, perception and conduct are the authority, those three, and if they are found separate, how can dharma be one in the three?

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यद्रवन् गिरयश्चापि द्यौ: पफाल च सर्वश: प्रणष्टा ज्योतिषां भाश्व सह सूर्येण भारत

English

[Bhishma] When dharma is being carried off by strong evildoers, if you think so, O king, there is three-fold inquiry into dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ग्रहों और नक्षत्रोंका प्रकाश सूर्यके साथ ही नष्ट (अदृश्य) हो गया

English

Know it to be one; its showing is threefold. My view is that the three are separate.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भगस्य नयने क्रुद्धः प्रहारेण व्यशातयत्

English

The path of the three has been told; follow it so. But one should not inquire into dharma by reasoning.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरोडाशं भक्षयतो दशनान् वै व्यशातयत् पुनश्च संदधे रुद्रो दीप्तं सुनिशितं शरम्

English

Always, best of the Bharatas, let there be no doubt in you here. Like a blind, dull man without suspicion, do what I tell you.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एक प्रज्वलित एवं तीखे बाणका संधान किया

English

Non-harm, truth, freedom from anger and giving: this fourfold is, Ajatashatru, the eternal dharma of one's own.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः प्रसादयामासु: शर्व ते विबुधोत्तमा: संस्तूयमानस्त्रिदशै: प्रससाद महेश्वर:

English

Follow the conduct among brahmins suited to father and grandfather, mighty-armed one, for they are the guides to heaven.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यद् यच्चापद्वतं तत्र तत्तथैवान्वजीवयत्

English

A foolish man who makes authority non-authority does not deserve to be an authority, for he breeds disputes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

किया गया था, उन सबको उन्होंने पुन: पूर्ववत् जीवित कर दिया आयसं राजतं चैव सौवर्णमपि चापरम्

English

Serve brahmins alone, honouring them and holding them in high regard; learn that all these worlds are in them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बभूव स तदा बाहुर्बलहन्तुर्यथा पुरा दीर्घकालतक टिके रहे

English

"The she-ass said, Begotten thou wert, upon a Brahmana woman excited with desire, by a Sudra following the profession of a barber. Thou art, therefore, a Chandala by birth. The status of Brahmana thou hast not at all.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

शिवा सौम्या च या त्वस्य धर्मस्त्वापो5थ चन्द्रमा:

English

[Bhishma] Men whose minds are overspread with passion and darkness, haters of dharma, go to hell.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुखं ददाति प्रीतात्मा भक्तानां भक्तवत्सल: स च वायु: शरीरेषु प्राणापानशरीरिणाम्

English

But those who always attend to dharma, great king, devoted to truth and uprightness, the good, are enjoyers of heaven.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सिद्धान्त-निर्णयमें मुख्य कारण होता है?' शृणु वक्ष्यामि ते प्राज्ञ सम्यक् त्वं मेडनुपृच्छसि

English

Their delight is in dharma, by serving a teacher; those who attend to dharma go to the world of the gods.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुनो। मेरा तो ऐसा विचार है कि इस विषयमें कहीं कोई संशय है ही नहीं

English

Whether men or gods, the righteous, having tormented their bodies, prosper happily, free of greed and hatred.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नास्तीत्येवं व्यवस्यन्ति सत्यं संशयमेव च अथ चेन्मन्यसे चैकं कारणं कि भवेदिति

English

The wise say that dharma is Brahma's first son; the righteous attend on him as the mind on ripe fruit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राणयात्रामनेकां च कल्पमानेन भारत

English

[Yudhishthira] What is the form of the unrighteous, and what do the good do? Tell me, how are the good and the bad?

हिन्दी अर्थ

हेतूनामन्तमासाद्य विपुलं ज्ञानमुत्तमम् अग्राह्मुमनिबद्धं च वाचा सम्परिवर्जयेत्

English

[Bhishma] The ill-behaved, unassailable, foul-mouthed are the unrighteous; the good are those endowed with good conduct; that is the mark of the cultured.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शिष्टाचारो बहुविधस्तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह

English

The righteous do not, O king, discharge urine or faeces on the royal road, among cows, or in a cow pen.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तानुदारतया चाहं चक्षमे चातिदुःसहान्

English

"Brahmana continued, 'Thus addressed by the she-ass, Matanga retraced his way homewards. Seeing him return, his father said,— I had employed thee in the difficult task of gathering the requisites of my intended sacrifice. Why hast thou come back without having accomplished thy charge? Is it the case that all is not right with thee?

हिन्दी अर्थ

मैंने उदारतापूर्वक क्षमा किया स चैवेन्द्रश्न वायुश्न सोडश्चिनौ स च विद्युत:

English

"Matanga said, 'How can he who belongs to no definite order of

हिन्दी अर्थ

इन्द्र और वायु हैं, वे ही अश्विनीकुमार और विद्युत् हैं

English

birth, or to an order that is very low be regarded as all right and happy? How, O father, can that person be happy whose mother is stained? O father, this she-ass, who seems to be more than a human being, tells me that I have been begotten upon a Brahmani woman by a Sudra. I shall, for this reason, undergo the severest penances. —Having said these words to his father, and firmly resolved upon what he had said he proceeded to the great forest and began to undergo the austerest of penances. Setting himself to the performance of those penances for the purpose of happily acquiring the status of a Brahmana, Matanga began to scorch the very deities by the severity of his asceticism. Unto him thus engaged in penances, the chief of the celestials, viz., Indra, appeared and said,— Why, O Matanga, dost thou pass thy time in such grief, abstaining from all kinds of human enjoyments? I shall give thee boons. Do thou name the boons thou desirest. Do not delay, but tell me what is in thy breast. Even if that be unattainable, I shall yet bestow it on thee.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

स काल: सोडन्‍्तको मृत्यु: स यमो रात्र्यहानि च मृत्यु, वे ही यम तथा वे ही रात और दिन हैं

English

"Matanga said, 'Desirous of attaining to the status of Brahmana I have begun to practise these penances. After having obtained it, I shall go home. Even this is the boon solicited by me.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

स धाता स विधाता च विश्वकर्मा स सर्ववित्

English

"Bhishma continued, 'Hearing these words of his, Purandara said unto him. The status of a Brahmana, O Matanga, which thou desirest to acquire is really unattainable by thee. It is true, thou desirest to acquire it, but then it is incapable of acquisition by persons begotten on uncleansed souls. O thou of foolish understanding, thou art sure to meet with destruction if thou persistest in this pursuit. Desist, therefore, from this vain endeavour without any delay. This object of thy desire, viz., the status of a Brahmana, which is the foremost of everything, is incapable of being won by penances. Therefore, by coveting that foremost status, thou wilt incur sure destruction. One born as a Chandala can never attain to that status which is regarded as the most sacred among the deities and Asuras and human beings!'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

विश्वमूर्तिरमेयात्मा भगवान् परमद्युति: शतधा सहस्रधा चैव तथा शतसहस्रधा

English

As fire waits for its time for fuel, so a woman waits for her season; one who goes to no other woman practises celibacy; that is held so.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उनके एक, दो, अनेक, सौ, हजार और लाखों रूप हैं

English

Nectar, brahmins and cows: these three together; therefore cows and brahmins should always be honoured by rule.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न हि शक्‍्या गुणा वक्तुमपि वर्षशतैरपि उनके गुणोंका वर्णन नहीं किया जा सकता

English

One who eats meat consecrated with the Yajus mantra is not defiled; meat from behind, meat without cause, and a son's flesh are held equal.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रुद्राय बहुरूपाय बहुनाम्ने निबोध मे

English

In his own land or another's, he should not let a guest fast; having done his work fruitfully, he should hand it over to his elders.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एकाक्ष॑ त्रयम्बकं॑ चैव विश्वरूपं शिवं तथा तो घोर है और दूसरा शिव। इन दोनोंके भी अनेक भेद हैं

English

A seat should be given to elders; having greeted and honoured elders, they increase in life, fame and fortune.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसके धर्म, जल और चन्द्रमा आदि कई रूप हैं ईश्वरत्वान्महत्त्वाच्च महेश्वर इति स्मृत:

English

He should never speak sharply to the aged, nor send them on errands, nor sit while they stand; so his life is not harmed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यच्च विश्व महत् पाति महादेवस्ततः: स्मृत:

English

He should not look at a naked woman, nor the wise at naked men; intercourse and food he should always keep private.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इसलिये “महादेव” कहलाते हैं समेधयति यत्नित्यं सर्वान् वै सर्वकर्मभि:

English

The teacher is the tirtha of tirthas, the heart the purity of the pure, supreme knowledge is the best of views, and contentment is supreme happiness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दहत्यूर्ध्व स्थितो यच्च प्राणान् तृणां स्थिरश्न यत्

English

Morning and evening he should listen to the abundant speech of the aged; a man gains learning always by serving the aged.

हिन्दी अर्थ

और जिनका लिंग-विग्रह सदा स्थिर रहता है। इसलिये ये 'स्थाणु” कहलाते हैं यदस्य बहुधा रूप॑ भूतं भव्यं भवत्तथा

English

At study and at meals he should raise the right hand, and always restrain speech, mind and the wanderings of the senses.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विश्वे देवाश्व यत्तस्मिन् विश्वरूपस्तत: स्मृत:

English

Prepared payasa daily, gruel, krisara, oblation, the Ashtaka for ancestors and gods, and honouring of elders;

हिन्दी अर्थ

चक्षुष: प्रभवेत् तेजो नास्त्यन्तोडथास्य चक्षुषाम् तेषामधिपतिर्यच्च तस्मात् पशुपति: स्मृत:

English

shaving is auspicious, greeting sneezes, and wishing long life to all the sick are proper.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पशुओंके अधिपति हैं। इसलिये वे “पशुपति' कहलाते हैं

English

Even in distress, he should never say "you" to a greater person; "you" is like an insult or killing and does not distinguish among the wise. He should behave so with inferiors, equals and pupils.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इससे महात्मा शंकरको बड़ी प्रसन्नता होती है बहुत बड़ी सम्पत्तिका भागी होता है

English

The hearts of those who do wrong always speak of sin; knowing it, they perish, hiding it from the great.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लिड्रमेवार्चयन्ति सम यत् तदूर्ध्व समास्थितम्

English

The wicked cover a deed done knowingly, saying, "Men do not see me, the gods do not see me"; the sinner, struck by sin, is born to sin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मण ही उन सब रूपोंको जानते हैं

English

As a usurer waits for his gain until the body breaks, so sin covered by dharma should increase dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निरुच्यन्ते महत्त्वाच्च विभुत्वात् कर्मभिस्तथा व्यासेनोक्तं च यच्चापि उपस्थानं महात्मन:

English

As salt dissolves when drenched in water, so sin destroyed by atonement at once perishes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हैं। महर्षि व्यासने भी उन महात्मा शिवका उपस्थान (स्तवन) बताया है

English

Therefore one should not hide sin; hidden, it grows. Having done it, it should be told to the good, and they pacify it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्येष्ठभूतं वदन्त्येनं ब्राह्मणा ऋषयो5परे ग्रहैर्बहुविधै: प्राणान् संरुद्धानुत्सूजत्यपि

English

The wealth hoarded in hope, not enjoyed in time, is taken by others at the embodied one's parting.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आयुरारोग्यमैश्वर्य वित्तं कामांश्व पुष्कलान्

English

The wise say dharma is the mind of all beings; therefore all beings attend only to dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्य देवस्य यद् वक्‍त्र समुद्रे वडवामुखम् उपदेश देनेपर युधिष्ठिरने शान्तनुनन्दन भीष्मसे पुनः प्रश्न किया--

English

He should practise dharma alone; he should not carry a banner of dharma; those who enjoy dharma are dealers in dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रत्यक्षमागमो वेति कि तयो: कारणं भवेत्

English

He should honour the gods without pretence and serve teachers without guile; he should lay up a treasure for the next world, called giving, for the journey.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यह बतानेकी कृपा कीजिये संस्था यत्नैरपि कृता कालेन प्रतिभिद्यते

English

"Bhishma said, 'Thus addressed by Indra, Matanga of restrained vows and well regulated soul, (without hearkening to the counsels of the chief of the celestials), stood for a hundred years on one foot, O thou of unfading glory. Sakra of great fame once more appeared before him and addressing him, said,— The status of a Brahmana, O child, is unattainable. Although thou covetest it, it is impossible for thee to obtain it. O Matanga, by coveting that very high status thou art sure to be destroyed. Do not, O son, betray such rashness. This cannot be a righteous path for thee to follow. O thou of foolish understanding,

हिन्दी अर्थ

पृथक्त्वं लभ्यते चैषां धर्मश्वैकस्त्रयं कथम्

English

One does not get at a time of non-gain even with effort made; at a time of gain one gets vast wealth without effort; and hundreds of men are seen whose effort made bears no fruit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपलब्धि हो रही है और धर्म एक है; फिर ये तीनों कैसे धर्म हो सकते हैं? पृथक्त्वे च न मे बुद्धिस्त्रयाणामपि वै तथा

English

If effort were the cause, a mortal would gain every fruit; and the unobtainable would not be obtained by men, best of the Bharatas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सहारा लेकर धर्मकी जिज्ञासा करना कदापि उचित नहीं है

English

A man who has made effort is seen without fruit, while another gains wealth by hundreds of means, and another by no means, and is happy.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्धो जड इवाशड्की यद् ब्रवीमि तदाचर तामन्वेहि महाबाहो धर्मस्यैते हि देशिका:

English

Men who commit what should not be done repeatedly are seen poor, and others in unrighteousness are seen rich.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसीका तुम भी अनुसरण करो; क्‍योंकि ब्राह्मण धर्मके उपदेशक हैं

English

Having studied policy, one is not seen to be governed by it; why is one without knowledge taken to the ministry? The learned are unlearned, rich or poor.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नस प्रमाणतामहों विवादजननो हि सः: एतेष्वेव त्विमे लोका: कृत्स्ना इति निबोध तान्

English

If a man could gain happiness by relying on knowledge, the learned would not resort to the unlearned for a living.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रवीतु मे भवानेतत् क्व ते गच्छन्ति तादृशा:

English

As a man conquers thirst on getting water, so with knowledge one seeing the object should give up ignorance.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आचरण करते हैं, वे किन लोकोंमें जाते हैं? आप इस विषयका वर्णन कीजिये नरकं प्रतिपद्यन्ते धर्मविद्वेषिणो जना:

English

One does not die before his time, even pierced by hundreds of arrows; touched even by a blade of grass, one whose time has come does not live.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तुम इस विषयको ध्यान देकर सुनो

English

impossible for thee to obtain it in this world. Verily, by coveting that which is unattainable, thou art sure to meet with destruction in no time. I am repeatedly forbidding thee. By striving, however, to attain that high status by the aid of thy penances, notwithstanding my repeated admonition, thou art sure to meet with destruction. From the order of brute life one attains to the status of humanity. If born as human being, he is sure to take birth as a Pukkasa or a Chandala. Verily, one having taken birth in that sinful order of existence, viz., Pukkasa, one, O Matanga , has to wander in it for a very long time. Passing a period of one thousand years in that order, one attains next to the status of a Sudra. In the Sudra order, again, one has to wander for a long time. After thirty thousand years one acquire the status of a Vaisya. There, in that order, one has to pass a very long period. After a time that is sixty times longer than what has been stated as the period of Sudra existence, one becomes a person of the fighting order. In the Kshatriya order one has to pass a very long time. After a time that is measured by multiplying the period last referred to by sixty, one becomes born as a fallen Brahmana. In this order one has to wander for a long period. After a time measured by multiplying the period last named by two hundred, one becomes born in the race of such a Brahmana as lives by the profession of arms. There, in that order, one has to wander for a long period. After a time measured by multiplying the period last named by three hundred, one takes birth in the race of a Brahmana that is given to the recitation of the Gayatri and other sacred Mantras. There, in that order, one has to wander for a long period. After a time measured by multiplying the period last named by four hundred, one takes birth in the race of such a Brahmana as is conversant with the entire Vedas and the scriptures, There, in that order, one has to wander for a very long period. While wandering in that status of existence, joy and grief, desire and aversion , vanity and evil speech, seek to enter into him and make a wretch of him. If he succeeds in subjugating those foes, he then attains a high end. If, on the other hand, those enemies succeed in subjugating him, he falls down from that high status like a person falling down on the ground from the high top of a palmyra tree. Knowing this for certain, O Matanga, I say unto thee, do thou name some other boon, for the status of a Brahmana is incapable of being attained by thee (that hast been born as a Chandala)!'

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मविद्वेषिणो मन्दा इत्युक्तस्तेषु संशय: परमित्येव संतुष्टास्तानुपास्व च पूच्छ च

English

Through giving a man becomes an enjoyer, through serving the aged he becomes wise, and through non-harm he is long-lived, so the wise say.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्म इत्येव सम्बुद्धास्तानुपास्व च पृच्छ च

English

Therefore he should give and not beg, honour the righteous, speak to himself, do what is dear, be pure, and harm no creature.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आचार: कारणं चैव धर्मश्वैकस्त्रयं पुन: अपारे मार्गमाणस्य परं तीरमपश्यत:

English

Whether authority arises, or nature, or pleasure and pain, among gnats, insects and ants, be steady, Yudhishthira.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्यार्जवपरा: सन्तस्ते वै स्वर्गभुजो नरा:

English

"Bhishma said, 'Thus advised by Indra, Matanga, observant of vows, refused, to hear what he was bid. On the other hand, with regulated

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वर्गलोकका सुख भोगते हैं देवलोकं प्रपद्यन्ते ये धर्म पर्युपासते

English

vows and cleansed soul, he practised austere penances by standing on one foot for a thousand years, and was deeply engaged in Yoga-meditation. After a thousand years had passed away, Sakra once more came to see him. Indeed, the slayer of Vala and Vritra said unto him the same words.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मिण: सुखमेधन्ते लोभद्वेषविवर्जिता:

English

'Matanga said, 'I have passed these thousand years, standing on one foot, in deep meditation, observing of the vow of Brahmacharyya. Why is it that I have not yet succeeded in acquiring the status of a

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मिण: पर्युपासन्ते फलं पक्वमिवाशय: ब्रवीतु मे भवानेतत् सनन्‍्तो5सन्तश्न॒ कीदृशा:

English

'Sakra said, 'One born on a Chandala cannot, by any means acquire the status of a Brahmana. Do thou, therefore name some boon so that all this labour of thine may not prove fruitless—Thus addressed by the chief of the celestials, Matanga became filled with grief. He repaired to Prayaga, and passed there a hundred years, standing all the while on his toes. In consequence of the observance of such Yoga which was extremely difficult to bear, he became very much emaciated and his arteries and veins became swollen and visible. He was reduced to only skin and bones. Indeed, it has been heard by us that the righteous-souled Matanga, while practising those austerities at Gaya, dropped down on the ground from sheer exhaustion. The lord and giver of boons, engaged in the good of all creatures, viz., Vasava beholding him falling down, quickly came to that spot and held him fast.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

सा कर्म करते हैं? साधु और असाधु कैसे होते हैं? आप यह बात मुझे बताइये

English

"Sakra said, 'It seems, O Matanga, that the status of a Brahmana which thou seekest is ill-suited to thee. That status is incapable of being attained by thee. Verily, in thy case, it is surrounded by many dangers. A person by worshipping a Brahmana obtains happiness; while by abstaining from such worship, he obtains grief and misery. The Brahmana is, with respect to all creatures, the giver of what they prize or covet and the protector of what they already have. It is through the Brahmanas that the Pitris and the deities become gratified. The Brahmana, O Matanga, is said to be foremost of all created Beings. The Brahmana grants all objects that are desired and in the way they are desired? l Wandering through innumerable orders of Being and undergoing repeated rebirths, one succeeds in some subsequent birth in acquiring the status of a Brahmana. That status is really incapable of being obtained by persons of uncleansed souls. Do thou, therefore, give up the idea. Do thou name some other boon. The particular boon which thou seekest is incapable of being granted to thee.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

साधव: शीलसम्पन्ना: शिष्टाचारस्य लक्षणम् शिष्टाचारका लक्षण बताया जाता है

English

"Matanga said, Afflicted as I am with grief, why, O Sakra, dost thou afflict me further (with such

हिन्दी अर्थ

नोपसेवन्ति राजेन्द्र सर्ग मूत्रपुरीषयो:

English

"Matanga said, Afflicted as I am with grief, why, O Sakra, dost thou afflict me further (with such

हिन्दी अर्थ

न जल्पन्ति च भुज्जाना न निद्रान्त्याद्रपाणय: ब्राह्मणं धार्मिकं वृद्ध ये कुर्वन्ति प्रदक्षिणम्

English

"Matanga said, Afflicted as I am with grief, why, O Sakra, dost thou afflict me further (with such

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणानां गवां राज्ञां पन्थानं ददते च ये

English

"Matanga said, Afflicted as I am with grief, why, O Sakra, dost thou afflict me further (with such