Anushasana Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतदेव पवित्रेभ्य: सर्वेभ्य: परमं स्मृतम्

English

" Yudhishthira said, 'If, O prince, Brahmanahood be so difficult of attainment by the three classes (Kshatriyas, Vaisyas and Sudras), how then did the high souled Viswamitra, O king, though a Kshatriya (by birth), attain to the status of a Brahmana? I desire to know this, O sire. Therefore, do thou truly relate this matter to me. That powerful man, O sire, by virtue of his austerities, destroyed in a moment the hundred sons of the high-souled Vasishtha. While under the influence of anger, he created numerous evil spirits and Rakshasas of mighty vigour and resembling the great destroyer Kala himself. The great and learned race of Kusika, numbering hundreds of regenerate sages and belauded by the Brahmanas, was founded in this world of men by him. Sunasepha of austere penances, the son of Richika, having been sought to be slain as an animal in the great sacrifice of Amvarisha, obtained his deliverance through Viswamitra. Harishchandra, having pleased the gods at a sacrifice, became a son of the wise Viswamitra. For not having honoured their eldest brother Devarat, whom Viswamitra got as a son from the gods, the other fifty brothers of his were cursed, and all of them became Chandalas. Trisanku, the son of Ikshwaku, through the curse of Vasistha became a Chandala, and when abandoned by

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुर्यादुभयत: शेषं दत्तशेषं न शेषयेत्

English

[Bhishma said:] On this I shall tell you as it was seen and heard: Rukmini asked in the presence of Devaki's son.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्या है और क्‍या नहीं है

English

Seeing Shri blazing, lotus-faced, seated on Narayana's lap, the mother of Makaradhvaja, with eyes wide and lovely in wonder, asked out of curiosity:

हिन्दी अर्थ

आशास्तस्य हता: सर्वा: क्लीबस्येव प्रजाफलम्

English

"Which beings do you serve here, and which, standing, do you not serve? Tell me truly, beloved of beings, mistress of the three worlds, daughter of a great sage."

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतस्मिन्नन्तरे यद् यत् सुकृतं तस्य भारत

English

Thus addressed, Shri then, in the presence of the goddess and Garuda's banner, the moon-faced one, pleased, spoke sweetly and charmingly:

हिन्दी अर्थ

तपस्तप्तमथो वापि सर्व तस्योपहन्यते

English

"I dwell in truth, in the fortunate, the bold, the skilled man who engages in action; I do not dwell in a man averse to action, nor in an unbeliever, a mixer of classes, an ingrate, one of broken conduct, of cruel conduct, nor in a thief, nor in one who envies his elders.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निशम्य भरतश्रेष्ठ बुद्ध्या परमयुक्तया

English

Those who have little energy, strength and essence, who rejoice or are angry here and there, in such men, goddess, whose desires are asleep, I do not stay.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपर्युक्त बात कहते हैं

English

He who asks for nothing for himself, he whose inner self is stricken by his nature, in men devoted always to little contentment, I do not live, goddess.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अश्वानां श्यामकर्णानां सहस्रेण स मुच्यते

English

I dwell among the righteous, the knowers of dharma, the great-souled, those who serve elders, the self-controlled, the knowers of truth, the great-souled.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणोंकी सेवा ही सम्पूर्ण पवित्र कर्मोंसे बढ़कर परम पवित्र कार्य है

English

his friends, and remaining suspended with his head downwards in the lower regions, was translated to heaven at the pleasure of Viswamitra. Viswamitra had a large river, by name Kausika, that was frequented by celestial Rishis. This sacred and auspicious stream was frequented by the gods and regenerate Rishis. For disturbing his devotions, the famous celestial nymph Rambha of fine bracelets, was cursed and metamorphosed into a rock. Through fear of Viswamitra the glorious Vasishtha, in olden times, binding himself with creepers, threw himself down into a river and again rose released from his bonds. In consequence of this, that large and sacred river become thenceforth celebrated by the name of Vipasa. l He prayed to the glorious and puissant Indra who was pleased with him and absolved him from a curse. 2 Remaining on the northern side of the firmament, he sheds his lustre from a position in the midst of the seven regenerate Rishis, 3 and Dhruva the son of Uttanpada 4. These are his achievements as well as many others. O descendant of Kuru, as they were performed by a Kshatriya, my curiosity has been roused in this matter. Therefore, O foremost one of Bharata's race, do thou relate this matter to me truly. How without casting off his corporeal frame and taking another tenement of flesh could he become a Brahmana? Do thou, O sire, truly relate this matter to me as thou hast related to me the story of Matanga. Matanga was born as a Chandala, 5 and could not attain to Brahmanahood, (with all his austerities) but how could this man attain to the status of a Brahmana?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषु मे तात गन्तव्यमह्वाय च चिराय च

English

A woman who acts without looking at her scattered goods, who always speaks against her husband, who delights in another's house, shameless, such a woman I avoid.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पितापुत्रौ च विज्ञेयौ तयोरहिं ब्राह्मणो गुरु:

English

A woman impure, who licks, devoid of steadiness, fond of quarrel, overcome by sleep, always lying down, such a woman I avoid.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मिलनेपर ही क्षत्रियको अपना अधिपति बनाती है

English

I dwell among women who are always true, pleasing to see, endowed with good fortune, rich in qualities, devoted to their husbands, of auspicious conduct and adorned.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अग्निवच्चोपचर्य वै ब्राह्मणा: कुरुसत्तम

English

I dwell in carriages, in maidens, in ornaments, in sacrifices, in rain-bearing clouds, in flowering lotus-ponds and in the autumn lanes of stars.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उनकी सेवा-पूजा करनी चाहिए

English

In mountains, cow-pens and forests, in lakes with blooming lotuses, in rivers sounding with the cry of swans and shining with the call of cranes,

हिन्दी अर्थ

आशीविषानिव क्रुद्धान् द्विजान् परिचरेत् सदा

English

in lakes adorned with wide banks, served by ascetics, Siddhas and brahmins, I dwell always in waters abundant, though waters troubled by lions and elephants; in a maddened elephant, a bull, a king, on a throne and in a good man always.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उभे चैते परित्याज्ये तेजश्वैव तपस्तथा

English

In whatever house a fire is offered to, cows and brahmanas are honoured, and the gods, and offerings are made in season with flowers, in that house I always take my dwelling.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं तेजका अभिमान त्याग देना चाहिए

English

I dwell in twice-born constant in study, in a kshatriya always devoted to dharma, in a vaishya devoted to farming, and in a shudra constantly engaged in service.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हन्युः क्रुद्धा महाराज ब्राह्मणा ये तपस्विन:

English

In Narayana I dwell with one mind, as his body, with my whole being; in him great dharma is established, and devotion to brahmanas and kindness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणान् ब्रह्म च तथा क्षत्रिय: परिपालयेत्

English

I do not dwell by body, goddess; nor can I say it so here; in the man in whom I dwell by feeling, he grows with dharma, fame, wealth and desire."

हिन्दी अर्थ

उदाहरण दिया करते हैं

English

the priest of Trisanku. The curse was that Viswamitra would partake of canine flesh by officiating as the priest of one who himself was the partaker of such flesh. It is said that at a time of great scarcity, Viswamitra was obliged to resort to dog's flesh for food, and that as he was about to cook it, Indra pounced upon it and took it away.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जब कि वे पहले किसी ब्राह्मणसे ऐसी ही कथा कह रहे थे

English

[Bhishma said:] On this too they recite this ancient Itihasa, how the enmity of Bhangashvana and Shakra came about long ago.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जात्याधरस्य राजर्षेदोषस्तस्य भवेन्न वा

English

Long ago there was a very righteous royal sage named Bhangashvana, childless, tiger among men, who performed a sacrifice for a son.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आगतो ह्ाश्रमपदं पूजितश्व तपस्विभि:

English

The royal sage, mighty, performed the Agnishtut, called hostile to Indra; it is prescribed among the expiatory rites for mortals who wish for a son.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं हि सुमहान् कालो व्यत्यक्रामत तस्य वै

English

Knowing that sacrifice, the greatly fortunate lord of gods, Indra, sought an opening against the self-controlled royal sage.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सम्पूज्य स्वागतेनर्षि विधिवत् समतोषयत्

English

After some time, as the king roamed hunting, Indra, thinking "this is the opening," bewildered the king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋषि: परमतेजस्वी धर्मात्मा संशितव्रत:

English

The royal sage, on a single horse, wandered, bewildered by Indra, and, afflicted by hunger and thirst, did not find the directions.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सोडगच्छदाश्रममृषि: शूद्रं द्रष्ट नरर्षभ

English

Running here and there, afflicted by fatigue and thirst, the king saw a very lovely lake full of excellent water; entering the lake, he watered his horse.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पितृकार्य करिष्यामि तत्र मेडनुग्रहं कुरू

English

Then, having tied the horse that had drunk to a tree, the best of kings entered and bathed, and the king became a woman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ही दूसरे जन्ममें सियार और वानरकी योनिमें प्राप्त हो गये

English

Seeing himself made a woman, the best of kings was ashamed, his whole self filled with thought, his senses and mind agitated.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्मशानमध्ये सम्प्रेक्ष्य पूर्वजातिमनुस्मरन्

English

"How shall I mount the horse, how shall I go to the city? I performed the Agnishtut and have a hundred sons of my own body,

हिन्दी अर्थ

यस्त्वं श्मशाने मृतकान् पूतिकानत्सि कुत्सितान्

English

born, of great strength; what shall I tell them? And to my wives, and to the townspeople and countryfolk?

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणस्य प्रतिश्रुत्य न मया तदुपाहृतम्

English

Softness, slenderness and timidity are said by sages who see the truth of dharma to be the qualities of woman; exertion, hardness and valour are the qualities of man.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मादेवंविध॑ भक्ष्यं भक्षयामि बुभुक्षित:

English

My manhood is lost; how has womanhood come to me? In the woman's state, how can I again mount the horse?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

कि त्वया पातकं कर्म कृतं येनासि वानर:

English

With great distress he mounted the horse and the king came back to the city, dear one, become a woman, best of kings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सा पाप किया था? जिससे वानर हो गये?”

English

Sons, wives, servants, townspeople and countryfolk, wondering "What is this?", came to great astonishment.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कथां कथयत: पुण्यां धर्मज्ञस्य पुरातनीम्

English

Then the royal sage, become a woman, best of speakers, said: "I went out to hunt, surrounded by a strong army; bewildered by fate I entered a terrible forest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राचीनकालकी पवित्र कथाएँ सुनाता था

English

In that terrible forest, thirsty, my senses lost, I saw a lovely lake surrounded by birds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कथां कथयतः: पूर्व ब्राह्मणं प्रति पाण्डव

English

Plunging into it I became a woman, plainly by fate, without doubt, as if unsatisfied with sons, wives and wealth."

हिन्दी अर्थ

बालाश्व नावमन्तव्या दरिद्रा: कृपणा अपि

English

Then, become a woman, the best of kings said to the sons: "Enjoy the kingdom with affection; I shall go to the forest, my sons." Having consecrated the hundred sons, the king went to the forest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रतिश्रुत्य भवेद् देयं नाशा कार्या द्विजोत्तमे

English

In the hermitage an ascetic approached the woman, dear one, and by that ascetic a hundred sons were born to her in the hermitage.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रदहेच्च हि तं राजन् कक्षमक्षय्यभुग् यथा

English

Then she took those sons and said to the earlier sons: "You were my sons when I was a man; and these hundred are my sons as a woman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भवत्यगदसंकाशो विषये तस्य भारत

English

Enjoy the kingdom together in brotherhood, my sons." Then the brothers together enjoyed the kingdom.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यदीच्छेच्छो भनां जातिं प्राप्तुं भरतसत्तम

English

Seeing them enjoying the excellent kingdom in brotherhood, Indra, flooded with anger, thought: "A favour was done to this royal sage by me, not an injury."

हिन्दी अर्थ

शक्य: प्राप्तुंविशेषेण दानं हि महती क्रिया

English

Then, in the form of a brahmana, Indra Shatakratu went to the city and divided those sons of the king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सकता है; क्योंकि दान महान् पुण्यकर्म है

English

"Brothers have no good brotherhood, even sons of one father: gods and asuras quarrelled over the kingdom, sons of Kashyapa.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्माद् दानानि देयानि ब्राह्मुणेभ्यो विजानता

English

You are Bhangashvana's sons, the others the ascetic's sons; gods and asuras too were sons of Kashyapa; your father's kingdom is enjoyed by the ascetic's sons."

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मगको अवश्य दान दे

English

Divided by Indra, they struck each other down in battle. Hearing that, the woman ascetic, tormented, wept.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वेलायां न तु कस्यांचिद् गच्छेद् विप्रो हपूजित:

English

Indra came in the guise of a brahmana and asked her: "By what sorrow tormented do you weep, fair-faced one?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

सूक्ष्मा गतिर्हि धर्मस्य यत्र मुहान्ति मानवा:

English

Seeing the brahmana, that woman said piteously: "Two hundred sons, Brahmana, have been destroyed by time.

हिन्दी अर्थ

है, उसी क्रमसे बताऊँगा, तुम ध्यान देकर सुनो

English

I was a king, Brahmana, and a hundred sons were born to me there, handsome and valiant, best of the twice-born.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपदेशे महान् दोष उपाध्यायस्य भाष्यते

English

Once, going hunting, bewildered in a deep forest, I plunged into a lake and became a woman, best of brahmanas. Establishing my sons in the kingdom, I went to the forest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुरुक्तवचने राजन् यथापूर्व युधिष्ठिर

English

And as a woman a hundred sons were born to me in a hermitage by the great-souled ascetic, Brahmana; I took them to the city.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत्राश्रमपद पुण्यं नानावृक्षणणायुतम्

English

Enmity has arisen between them by the union of time, twice-born; for this I grieve, lord of brahmanas, flooded by fate."

हिन्दी अर्थ

सिद्धचारणसंयुक्तं रम्यं पुष्पितकाननम्

English

Seeing her in sorrow, Indra spoke harsh words: "Formerly, good woman, you made me suffer a hard sorrow.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणैश्व महाभागै: सूर्यज्वलनसंनिभै:

English

You, sacrificing hostile to Indra, disregarded me, evil-minded one; I am Indra, ill-minded one, and I have repaid your enmity."

हिन्दी अर्थ

अग्निके समान तेजस्वी महाभाग ब्राह्मण वहाँ भरे रहते हैं

English

Seeing Indra, the royal sage fell at his feet with his head: "Be gracious, best of the gods; that sacrifice was for the wish of a son. Tiger of the gods, you ought to forgive me for that."

हिन्दी अर्थ

वालखिल्यैश्व बहुभिरय॑तिभिश्व निषेवितम्

English

By the prostration Indra was pleased and gave a boon: "Which sons, king, shall live? Tell me, those born while you were a woman or those born as a man?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं संन्‍न्यासी उस आश्रमका सेवन करते हैं

English

The ascetic then, with joined palms, said to Shakra: "Those who were born to me as a woman, let them live, Vasava."

हिन्दी अर्थ

विविधां वहतो दीक्षां सम्प्राहृष्पत भारत

English

Indra, astonished and glad, asked her again: "Why are the sons you bore as a man hateful to you?

हिन्दी अर्थ

किये देख उस शूद्रको बड़ा हर्ष हुआ

English

How is affection greater for those born when you were a woman? I wish to hear the reason; you ought to tell me."

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततोब्रवीत् कुलपति पादौ संगृह्् भारत

English

[The woman said:] "A woman's affection is greater than a man's; therefore, Shakra, let those born to me as a woman live."

हिन्दी अर्थ

तन्मां त्वं भगवन् वक्तुं प्रत्राजयितुमरहसि

English

[Bhishma said:] Thus addressed, Indra, pleased, said: "Let all your sons live here, truthful one.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुश्रूषया परॉल्लोकानवाप्स्यसि न संशय:

English

And choose a boon, best of kings, whichever you wish, of good vows: manhood or womanhood, whichever you desire from me."

हिन्दी अर्थ

कथमत्र मया कार्य श्रद्धा धर्मपरा च मे

English

[The woman said:] "I choose womanhood, Shakra, since you are pleased, Vasava."

हिन्दी अर्थ

निवेश्य भरतश्रेष्ठ नियमस्थो 5 भवन्मुनि:

English

Thus addressed, Indra replied to her: "Why do you, having left manhood, prefer womanhood, lord?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

बलिं च कृत्वा हुत्वा च देवतां चाप्यपूजयत्

English

Thus asked, the best of kings, become a woman, replied: "A woman's pleasure in union with a man is always greater; for this reason, Shakra, I choose womanhood.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आहुति देता और देवताकी पूजा करता था

English

I delight more in womanhood, truly, best of gods; I am content with the woman's state; go, lord of the gods."

हिन्दी अर्थ

नित्यं संनिहिताभिस्तु ओषधीभि: फलैस्तथा

English

Saying "So be it," and taking leave of her, he went to heaven. Thus, great king, a woman's pleasure is said to be greater.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुचिर्भूत्वा स शूद्रस्तु तस्यर्षे: पाद्यमानयत्

English

"Bhishma said, 'Listen truly in detail, O son of Pritha, how in olden times Viswamitra attained to the status of a Brahmana Rishi. There was, O foremost of Bharata's descendants, in the race of Bharata, a king of the name of Ajamida, who performed many sacrifices and was the best of all virtuous men. His son was the great king named Jahnu. Ganga was the daughter of this high-minded prince. The farfamed and equally virtuous Sindhudwipa was the son of this prince. From Sindhudwipa

हिन्दी अर्थ

पवित्रमासनं चैव बूसीं च समुपानयत्

English

sprung the great royal sage Valakaswa. His son was named Vallabha who was like a second Dharma in embodied form. His son again was Kusika who was refulgent with glory like unto the thousand-eyed Indra. Kusika's son was the illustrious King Gadhi who, being childless and desiring to have a son born unto him, repaired to the forest. Whilst living there, a daughter was born unto him. She was called Satyavati by name, and in beauty of appearance she had no equal on Earth. The illustrious son of Chyavana, celebrated by the name of Richika, of the race of Bhrigu, endued with austere penances, sought the hand of this lady. Gadhi, the destroyer of his enemies, thinking him to be poor, did not bestow her in marriage upon the high-souled Richika. But when the latter, thus dismissed, was going away, the excellent king, addressing him said,— 'If thou givest me a marriage dower thou shalt have my daughter for thy wife.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृतामन्यायतो दृष्ट्वा तं शूद्रमृषिरत्रवीत्

English

"Richika said, 'What dower, O king, shall I offer thee for the hand of thy daughter? Tell me truly, without feeling any hesitation in the matter. Gadhi said,— 'O descendant of Bhrigu, do thou give me a thousand horses fleet as the wind, and possessing the hue of moon-beams, and each having one ear

हिन्दी अर्थ

उत्तराभिमुख बैठो।' ऋषिने जो-जो कहा, शूद्रने वह सब किया

English

"Bhishma said, 'Then that mighty son of Chyavana who was the foremost of Bhrigu's race, besought the deity Varuna, the son of Aditi, who was the lord of all the waters.— O best of gods, I pray to thee to give me a thousand horses, all endued with the speed of the wind and with complexion as effulgent as the moon's, but each having one ear black. The god Varuna, the son of Aditi, said to that excellent scion of Bhrigu's race,— Be it so. Wheresoever thou shalt seek, the horses shalt arise (in thy presence).— As soon as Richika thought of them, there arose from the waters of Ganga thousand high-mettled horses, as lustrous in complexion as the moon. Not far from Kanyakubja, the sacred bank of Ganga is still famous among men as Aswatirtha in consequence of the appearance of those horses at that place. Then Richika, that best of ascetics, pleased in mind, gave those thousand excellent horses unto Gadhi as the marriage- dower. King Gadhi, filled with wonder and fearing to be cursed, gave his daughter, bedecked with jewels, unto that son of Bhrigu. That foremost of regenerate Rishis accepted her hand in marriage according to the prescribed rites. The princess too was well-pleased at finding herself the wife of that Brahmana. That foremost of regenerate Rishis, O Bharata, was well pleased with her conduct and

हिन्दी अर्थ

हव्यकव्यविधिं कृत्स्नमुक्तं तेन तपस्विना

English

"Bhishma said, 'Then that mighty son of Chyavana who was the foremost of Bhrigu's race, besought the deity Varuna, the son of Aditi, who was the lord of all the waters.— O best of gods, I pray to thee to give me a thousand horses, all endued with the speed of the wind and with complexion as effulgent as the moon's, but each having one ear black. The god Varuna, the son of Aditi, said to that excellent scion of Bhrigu's race,— Be it so. Wheresoever thou shalt seek, the horses shalt arise (in thy presence).— As soon as Richika thought of them, there arose from the waters of Ganga thousand high-mettled horses, as lustrous in complexion as the moon. Not far from Kanyakubja, the sacred bank of Ganga is still famous among men as Aswatirtha in consequence of the appearance of those horses at that place. Then Richika, that best of ascetics, pleased in mind, gave those thousand excellent horses unto Gadhi as the marriage- dower. King Gadhi, filled with wonder and fearing to be cursed, gave his daughter, bedecked with jewels, unto that son of Bhrigu. That foremost of regenerate Rishis accepted her hand in marriage according to the prescribed rites. The princess too was well-pleased at finding herself the wife of that Brahmana. That foremost of regenerate Rishis, O Bharata, was well pleased with her conduct and

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुनिके उपदेशके अनुसार ठीक-ठीक किया

English

"Bhishma said, 'Then that mighty son of Chyavana who was the foremost of Bhrigu's race, besought the deity Varuna, the son of Aditi, who was the lord of all the waters.— O best of gods, I pray to thee to give me a thousand horses, all endued with the speed of the wind and with complexion as effulgent as the moon's, but each having one ear black. The god Varuna, the son of Aditi, said to that excellent scion of Bhrigu's race,— Be it so. Wheresoever thou shalt seek, the horses shalt arise (in thy presence).— As soon as Richika thought of them, there arose from the waters of Ganga thousand high-mettled horses, as lustrous in complexion as the moon. Not far from Kanyakubja, the sacred bank of Ganga is still famous among men as Aswatirtha in consequence of the appearance of those horses at that place. Then Richika, that best of ascetics, pleased in mind, gave those thousand excellent horses unto Gadhi as the marriage- dower. King Gadhi, filled with wonder and fearing to be cursed, gave his daughter, bedecked with jewels, unto that son of Bhrigu. That foremost of regenerate Rishis accepted her hand in marriage according to the prescribed rites. The princess too was well-pleased at finding herself the wife of that Brahmana. That foremost of regenerate Rishis, O Bharata, was well pleased with her conduct and