Anushasana Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

पश्चात् गड़ां निषेवन्ते तेडपि यान्त्युत्तमां गतिम्

English

away, he may be sure to obtain children.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नहों (गड़ाजल पीनेवाला बढ़ जाय)

English

[Bhishma said:] On this I shall tell you an ancient Itihasa, how protection was done long ago by the great-souled Vipula.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनुष्योंके लिये गंगाजल ही पूर्ण तृप्तिका साधन है

English

And how wanton women were created by Brahma, bull of the Bharatas, and for what purpose; that I shall tell you, dear one, lord of the earth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गड्ां गोकुलसम्बाधां दृष्टवा स्वर्गोडपि विस्मृत:

English

"There is nothing more sinful than women, son; a wanton woman is blazing fire, an illusion born of Maya, lord; a razor's edge, poison, a snake, death: women are all that in one."

हिन्दी अर्थ

समर्था ये न पश्यन्ति गड़ां पुण्यजलां शिवाम्

English

"These creatures, mighty-armed, are righteous, so we have heard; they go to godhood by themselves, and then fear came to the gods."

हिन्दी अर्थ

होनेपर भी उतना दुःख नहीं होता, जितना गंगाके बिछोहसे होता है

English

Then the gods came to the grandfather, scourge of foes, told him their mind and stood silent with faces down.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा प्रसादो भवति गज्जां वीक्ष्य यथा भवेत्

English

Knowing what was in the minds of those gods, the grandfather, the lord, for the bewilderment of men, created women as magical creatures.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गड्ा विगाह्मया सततमेतत् कार्यतमं सताम्

English

In the first creation, Kaunteya, women here were virtuous; but those born from the magical creation of Prajapati were not.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गंगाजीमें स्नान करें। यही सत्पुरुषोंका सबसे उत्तम कार्य है

English

To them the grandfather gave desires as desired; those wanton women, greedy for desire, then harassed men.

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्युष्टिर्भवति या पुंसां न सा क्रतुशतैरपि

English

The lord of the gods created anger as the helper of desire; all creatures, attached, came under the power of desire and anger.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुण्यकी जैसी वृद्धि होती है; वैसी सैकड़ों यज्ञ करनेसे भी नहीं हो सकती

English

For women no rite, so dharma is set; they are without sense-organs and without mantras, and untruth, so Shruti says.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तावद्)वर्षसहसत्राणि स्वर्गलोके महीयते

English

The Prajapati gave to women bed and seat, ornaments, food and drink, ignobleness, bad speech and sexual pleasure.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वह स्वर्गलोकमें प्रतिष्ठित होता है

English

A man cannot in any way guard them; even the maker of the universe could not, dear one, how then men here?

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथापहत्य पाप्मानं भाति गड्ाजलोक्षित:

English

By words, or by killing and binding, or by various hardships, women cannot be guarded, for they are always unrestrained.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा देशा दिशश्वैव गड़ाहीना न संशय:

English

But this, tiger among men, I heard earlier: how Vipula formerly guarded his teacher's wife.

हिन्दी अर्थ

--इसमें संशय नहीं है

English

There was a greatly fortunate sage famed as Devasharman, whose wife named Ruchi was incomparable in beauty on earth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तर्प्पमाणा: परां तृप्तिं यान्ति गज़ाजलै: शुभै:

English

Gods, gandharvas and danavas were maddened by her beauty, and especially, king, the slayer of Vritra, Pakashasana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गवां निहरिनिर्मुक्तादू यावकात् तद् विशिष्यते

English

The great sage Devasharman, knowing the ways of women, guarded his wife as well as he could and with all effort.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पिबेद् यश्चापि गज्भाम्भ: समौ स्यातां न वा समौ

English

And he knew Purandara to go after others' wives; therefore he guarded his wife with effort.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मासमेकं तु गज्जायां समौ स्यातां न वा समौ

English

Once, dear one, the sage, wishing to perform a sacrifice, thought: "How should my wife be guarded?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

तिष्ठेद् यथेष्टं यश्चापि गड़ायां स विशिष्यते

English

Having considered in mind the arrangement of protection, that great ascetic called his dear pupil Vipula, a Bhargava, and said:

हिन्दी अर्थ

गड़ाजीके तटपर निवास करे, उन दोनोंमें गड़ाजीपर निवास करनेवाला ही श्रेष्ठ है

English

"I shall go to perform a sacrifice. The lord of the gods always desires this Ruchi, my son; guard her as you can.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा गज्जावगाढस्य सर्वपापं प्रधूयते

English

You must be unheedless of Purandara always; he takes many forms, lifter of Bhrigu's line."

हिन्दी अर्थ

गड़ामें गोता लगानेवाले मनुष्यके सारे पाप नष्ट हो जाते हैं

English

Thus told by him, Vipula, the ascetic of controlled senses, always of fierce austerity, O king, with splendour like fire and sun,

हिन्दी अर्थ

गतिमन्वेषमाणानां न गड़ासदृशी गति:

English

knowing dharma and truthful, said "So be it"; and again, great king, he asked his famed teacher:

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषां प्रतिष्ठा गड़ेह शरणं शर्म वर्म च

English

"What forms does Shakra take when he comes, sage? What body and splendour does he have? You ought to tell me."

हिन्दी अर्थ

पततो नरके गज्ज संश्रितान् प्रेत्य तारयेत्

English

Then the blessed one told the great-souled Vipula truly of Shakra's magic, Bharata.

हिन्दी अर्थ

येडभिगच्छन्ति सततं गड्भां मतिमतां वर

English

"Slayer of Bala, Pakashasana, brahmana sage, has much magic; again and again he assumes those many forms.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुधा यथा च नागानां तथा गड्भाजलं नृणाम्

English

He becomes crowned, thunderbolt-bearing, bow-bearing, wearing a diadem and bound earrings; in a moment he looks like a Chandala.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रेयस्कामास्तथा गड़ामुपासन्तीह देहिन:

English

He becomes tufted, matted, bark-clad, son, and large-bodied, then stout, then lean again.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रखनेवाले प्राणी इस जगतमें गड़ाजीकी उपासना करते हैं

English

He changes colour to fair, dark and black; ugly and handsome, young and old.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथोपजीविनां गज्जा सर्वप्राणभृतामिह

English

Learned, dull, mute, short and tall, brahmin, kshatriya, vaishya, shudra, in reverse or direct order, Shatakratu becomes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अमृतान्युपजीवन्ति तथा गज्ाजलं नस:

English

He takes the form of a parrot or crow, swan or cuckoo, and the form of lions, tigers and elephants.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आत्मानं मन्यते लोको दिविषछ्ठमिव शोभितम्

English

He takes divine, demonic and kingly forms; very thin, with limbs broken by wind, a bird, deformed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वर्गलोकमें स्थित हुआ-सा शोभासम्पन्न मानता है

English

Four-footed and of many forms, a fool again, and he takes the form of flies, gnats and the like.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बिभर्ति रूप॑ सोर्कस्य तमोनाशाय निर्मलम्

English

He cannot be grasped by Vipula or anyone, dear one, nor even by the maker of the universe by whom this world was made.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करनेके लिये सूर्यके समान निर्मल स्वरूप धारण करता है

English

Vanishing, Shakra is again seen by the eye of knowledge; and becoming wind, the king of gods again appears.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गड्जादर्शनजा प्रीतिव्यसनान्यपकर्षति

English

Pakashasana constantly makes such forms; therefore guard this slender-waisted woman with great effort.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पस्पर्ध गड़ा गन्धर्वान् पुलिनैश्व शिलोच्चयान्

English

Let the lord of the gods, best of Bhrigus, not lick Ruchi as an evil dog licks an offering placed at its proper time."

हिन्दी अर्थ

सम्भवेद् या परा प्रीतिर्गड्राया: पुलिने नृूणाम्

English

Having so said, the sage Devasharman, greatly fortunate, then went to perform the sacrifice, best of Bharatas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वीक्ष्य गड़ां भवेत् पूतो अत्र मे नास्ति संशय:

English

Hearing his teacher's word, Vipula became absorbed in thought, and made the highest protection against the mighty lord of the gods.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुमांस्तारयते गज्जां वीक्ष्य स्पृष्टवावगाह्यु च

English

"What can I do in guarding my teacher's wife? The lord of the gods is a magician, unassailable and mighty.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पितरों और संतानोंका उद्धार कर देता है

English

Pakashasana cannot be guarded against by closing the hermitage or the hut; his forms are many.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुलोंका भगवती गंगा विशेषरूपसे उद्धार कर देती हैं

English

Shakra might assail the teacher's wife in the form of wind; therefore, entering her, I shall stay as Ruchi today.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुनात्यपुण्यान् पुरुषान शतशो5थ सहस्रश:

English

Or this woman cannot be guarded by me by manly means, for the blessed lord of bay horses is heard to have many forms.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स पितृंस्तर्पयेद् गाड़्मभिगम्य सुरांसतथा

English

So by the power of yoga I shall guard her from Pakashasana; I shall enter her limbs with my limbs to guard her.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पास जाकर उनके जलसे देवताओं तथा पितरोंका तर्पण करे

English

If my teacher, of divine knowledge and great austerity, were to see this wife Ruchi defiled, he would doubtless curse me in anger.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राप्रुयात् पुरुषोत्यन्तं गड्जां प्राप्प यदाप्रुयात्

English

And she cannot be guarded by men as other women can; the lord of gods is a magician; ah, I have come into doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

किसी कर्मसे भी नहीं पा सकता

English

The teacher's command must be done here; if I do this, it would be a wonder done by me.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जन्मके अन्धों, पंगुओं और मुर्दोके समान हैं

English

Entering by yoga the body of the teacher's wife, I would have no offence, being released from the form of rajas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देवै: सेन्द्रैश्न को गड़ां नोपसेवेत मानव:

English

As a traveller lodges on the road in an empty hall, so I shall lodge today in the teacher's wife's body.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करते हैं, उन गंगाजीका सेवन कौन मनुष्य नहीं करेगा?

English

As a drop of water unattached and trembling on a lotus leaf, so I shall dwell composed in her body."

हिन्दी अर्थ

विद्यावद्धि: श्रितां गड़ां पुमान् को नाम नाश्रयेत्

English

Thus having considered dharma, the Vedas in every way, his great austerity and his teacher's own,

हिन्दी अर्थ

गंगाजीका कौन मनुष्य आश्रय नहीं लेगा?

English

having resolved so in mind, that Bhargava made supreme effort at protection; hear how, king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चिन्तयेन्मनसा गड़ां स गतिं परमां लभेत्

English

Sitting near the teacher's wife, the great ascetic Vipula tempted the blameless-limbed seated woman with conversation.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आ देहपतनाद् गड़मुपास्ते य: पुमानिह

English

Joining the rays of his eyes to the rays of her eyes, Vipula entered her body like wind into the sky.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दधार शिरसा गड्जां तामेव दिवि सेवते

English

With mark to mark and face to face, motionless, the sage stayed within, like a shadow.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देवेशश्व॒ तथा नृणां गज्ञा च सरिता तथा

English

Then Vipula, holding fast the teacher's wife's body, dwelt engaged in guarding her, and she did not notice him.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न भवेद्धि तथा दुःख यथा गड़ावियोगजम्

English

For as long a time, king, as that great soul's teacher had not come, having completed the sacrifice, to his house, for that long he guarded her.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यत्पुत्रान्सगरस्येतो भस्माख्याननयद् दिवम्

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'What should a man do in order to pass pleasantly through this and the other world. How, indeed, should one conduct oneself? What practices should one adopt with this end in view?'

हिन्दी अर्थ

गज़ोक्षितानां भुवनस्य पनथा:

English

Making an incomparable and tempting form, lord of men, becoming most beautiful to see, he entered that hermitage.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भक्‍त्या युक्त: श्रद्धया श्रद्दधान:

English

He saw Vipula's body seated, motionless, with fixed eyes, as if painted in a picture.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गड्जाया: स्तवसंयुक्तं स मुच्येत् सर्वकिल्बिषै:

English

And Ruchi, lovely-cornered of eye, with full hips and breasts, large-eyed like a lotus leaf, with a face like the full moon.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गुणैश्व विविधै: सर्वर्वयसा च समन्वित:

English

Seeing him, she suddenly wished to rise, astonished at his beauty, wishing to say "Who are you?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

नान्यस्त्वदन्यो लोकेषु प्रष्टव्यो5स्ति नराधिप

English

Though wishing to rise, she stayed, held fast by Vipula, lord of men, and could not move.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्म॒ण्यं प्राप्रुयाद् येन तन्मे व्याख्यातुमरहसि

English

The lord of gods spoke to her with very sweet conciliation: "Know me, pure-smiling one, to be Indra, come for your sake.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपायसे उसे पा सकता है? यह मुझे बताइये

English

Tormented by desire born of my thought of you, satisfy me, fair-browed one; time is passing."

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्म॒ण्यमथ चेदिच्छेत् तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह

English

The sage Vipula heard Shakra speaking so, and, dwelling in his teacher's wife's body, saw the lord of the gods.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गता धीरास्ते विबुधै: समत्वम्

English

"Bhishma said, 'One should avoid the three acts that are done with the body, the four that are done with speech, the three that are done with the mind, and the ten paths of action. The three acts that are done with the body and should be wholly avoided are the destruction of the lives of other creatures, theft or appropriation of what belongs to other persons, and the enjoyment of other people's wives. The four acts that are done with speech, O king, and that should never be indulged in or even thought of, are evil conversation, harsh words, publishing other people's faults, and falsehood. Coveting the possessions of others, doing injury to others, and disbelief in the ordinances of the Vedas, are the three acts done with the mind which should always be avoided. 1 Hence, one should never do any evil act in word, body, or mind. By doing good and evil acts, one is sure to enjoy or endure the just consequences thereof. Nothing can be more certain than this.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपना शरीर त्याग दिया है वे धीर पुरुष देवताओंके समान हो गये

English

original, these are given in the negative form. Absence of coveting the possessions of others is the act that is directed to be followed. So compassion for all creatures is prescribed; and, lastly, the belief is directed to be entertained that acts have fruits, for the Vedas declare as such. He that does not believe that acts have fruits disbelieve the very Vedas which of course, is a sinful act.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निषेविता सर्वकामैर्युनक्ति

English

Seeing her unchanged, the lord of Shachi, ashamed, spoke again to her, bewildered by the power of yoga, O king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्रिलोकगोण्तीं ये गड्ां संश्रितास्‍्ते दिवं गता:

English

"Come, come," he said; then she wished to answer him, but Vipula turned that speech of the teacher's wife.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इष्टां गतिं तस्य सुरा दिशन्ति

English

"Ho, what is the purpose of your coming?": her speech, adorned with refinement, issued from her moon-like mouth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गड्ां गता ये त्रिदिवं गतास्ते

English

Ashamed, she spoke that word, helpless then; and Purandara became alarmed and troubled in mind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मर्त्या: सर्वे कृतकृत्या भवन्ति

English

Noticing that change, lord of men, the thousand-eyed lord of the gods then looked with divine sight.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गड़ावतीर्णा वियतो विश्वतोया

English

And he saw the sage within her body, like a reflection in a mirror, residing in the teacher's wife's body.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गज्जा लोकानां पुण्यदा वै त्रयाणाम्

English

Seeing him joined with terrible austerity, Purandara trembled, greatly alarmed, afraid of a curse then, lord.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सौभाग्यवती तथा तीनों लोकोंको पुण्य प्रदान करनेवाली हैं

English

Leaving the teacher's wife, Vipula of great austerity entered his own body and said to the frightened Shakra:

हिन्दी अर्थ

गुहस्य ब्रह्म॒ण्यतया च नित्यम्

English

"Unmastered in senses, sinful, lustful Purandara, gods and men will not long honour you.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्ते ब्रह्मण: सदनं सम्प्रयाता:

English

Have you forgotten that, Shakra? Is it not in your mind that you were freed by Gautama, marked with the signs of the womb?

हिन्दी अर्थ

सब प्रकारसे शरण लेते हैं वे देहत्यागके पश्चात् ब्रह्मलोकमें जाते हैं

English

I know you to be childish of mind, unpractised and unsteady; this woman is guarded by me, fool; go, sinner, as you came.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गज़ा सहैवात्मवशैरुपास्या

English

I will not burn you with my own splendour today, fool, but out of compassion I do not wish to burn you, Vasava.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपने मनको वशमें करके सदा मातृभावसे गंगाजीकी उपासना करनी चाहिए

English

My teacher, wise and of terrible austerity, seeing you of sinful mind, would burn you today with an eye kindled by anger.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गड्ां श्रयेदात्मवान् सिद्धिकाम:

English

You must not do so again, Shakra; and the twice-born are to be respected by you. Do not go with your sons and ministers, utterly afflicted by the strength of Brahman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुंसां भयं नेह चामुत्र विद्यात्

English

Do not scorn, resorting to this thought 'I am immortal'; there is nothing at all unattainable by austerity."

हिन्दी अर्थ

परलोकमें भय नहीं रहता

English

Hearing the great-souled Vipula's word, Shakra, ashamed and saying nothing, vanished right there.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गुणान् सर्वान् परिमातुं तथैव

English

When Shakra had gone a moment, the great ascetic Devasharman, having finished the sacrifice as he wished, came to his own hermitage.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कदापि सम्भव नहीं है

English

When the teacher had come, O king, Vipula, doing what pleased him, presented the blameless wife guarded to the teacher.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथ्थेष्टमिष्टान् विहरिष्यसि त्वम्

English

Saluting his teacher, the peaceful-souled Vipula, fond of his teacher, waited upon him as before, without fear.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जगति युनक्ति सुखैश्न भक्तिमन्तम्

English

Then, to him rested and seated with his wife, Vipula told that deed of Shakra.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गगनतलं द्युतिमान् विवेश सिद्ध:

English

Hearing it, the mighty sage was pleased with Vipula by his conduct, austerity and discipline.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गड़ामुपास्य विधिवत् सिद्धि प्राप सुदुर्लभाम्

English

Seeing Vipula's behaviour toward his teacher, his devotion in himself and his steadiness in dharma, the lord said "Well, well."

हिन्दी अर्थ

गड्भामभ्येहि सतत प्राप्स्यसे सिद्धिमुत्तमाम्

English

Approving his righteous-souled pupil, devoted to dharma, he offered him a boon; and, fond of his teacher, Vipula, permitted by his teacher, practised unsurpassed austerity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

युधिष्ठिर: परां प्रीतिमगच्छद् भ्रातृभि: सह

English

Likewise the greatly ascetic Devasharman with his wife lived fearless in a solitary forest, from the mighty slayer of Vritra.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अथवा वेदोंके स्वाध्याय आदि किस उपायसे प्राप्त कर सकता है?

English

" Yudhishthira said, 'O son of the River Ganga, thou hast heard all the names of Maheshwara, the Lord of the universe. Do thou tell us, O grandsire, all the names that are applied, O puissant one, unto Him who is called Isa and Sambhu. Do thou tell us all those names that are applied unto Him who is called Vabhru or vast, Him that has the universe for his form, Him that is the illustrious preceptor of all the deities and the Asuras, that is called Swayambhu (self-creating) and that is the cause of the origin and dissolution of the universe. Do thou tell us also of the puissance of Mahadeva.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वयोनिं मानयत्येष भावो भावं नियच्छति

English

By that deed, rivalling, lord of the earth, he roamed the earth fearless and glad, having gained fame, the best of men.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुशल तु कुतस्तस्य यस्येयं जननी पित:

English

The lord also thought both worlds conquered by that deed and his great austerity, Kauravya.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मतड़: सुखसम्प्रेप्सु: स्थानं सुचरितादपि

English

Then after some time had passed, descendant of the Kurus, a gift rich in wealth and grain was made by Ruchi's sister.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मतड़ तप्स्यसे कि त्वं भोगानुत्सृज्य मानुषान्

English

At this very time some divine fair woman bearing supreme beauty went through the sky.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परित्याग करके तपस्या कर रहे हो?

English

From her body flowers of divine fragrance fell on the ground not far from his hermitage, Bharata.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यच्चाप्यवाप्यं हृदि ते सर्व तद् ब्रूहि माचिरम्

English

Then, king, lotus-eyed Ruchi took them, and an inviter from her relatives quickly came for her.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गच्छेयं तदवाप्येह वर एष वृतो मया

English

Her sister, dear one, the elder, named Prabhavati, was the wife of Chitraratha, lord of Anga.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पा करके ही यहाँसे जाऊँ, मैं यही वर चाहता हूँ

English

Having fastened those flowers in her hair, the fair-complexioned Ruchi, invited, went to the house of the lord of Anga.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परं हि सर्वभूतानां स्थानमेतद् युधिछ्िर

English

"Bhishma said, 'I am quite incompetent to recite the virtues of Mahadeva of highest intelligence. He pervades all things in the universe and yet is not seen anywhere. He is the creator of universal self and the Pragna (knowing) self and he is their master. All the deities, from Brahman to

हिन्दी अर्थ

करना अत्यन्त कठिन है, क्योंकि यह समस्त प्राणियोंके लिये सर्वोत्तम स्थान है

English

the Pisachas, adore and worship him. He transcends both Prakriti and Purusha. It is of Him that Rishis, conversant with Yoga and possessing a knowledge of the tattwas, think and reflect. He is indestructible and Supreme Brahman. He is both existent and non-existent. Agitating both Prakriti and Purusha by means of His energy, He created therefrom the universal lord of creatures, viz., Brahma. Who is there that is competent to tell the virtues of that god of gods, that is endued with supreme Intelligence? Man is subject to conception (in the mother's womb), birth, decrepitude, and death. Being such, what man like me is competent to understand Bhava? Only Narayana, O son, that bearer of the discus and the mace, can comprehend Mahadeva. He is without deterioration. He is the foremost of all beings in attributes. He is Vishnu, because of his pervading the universe. He is irresistible. Endued with spiritual vision, He is possessed of supreme Energy. He sees all things with the eye of Yoga. It is in consequence of the devotion of the high-souled Krishna to the illustrious Rudra whom he gratified. O Bharata, in the retreat of Vadari, by penances, that he has succeeded in pervading the entire universe. O king of kings, it is through Maheswara of celestial vision that Vasudeva has obtained the attribute of universal agreeableness,— an agreeableness that is much greater than what is possessed by all articles included under the name of wealth, l For a full thousand years this Madhava underwent the austerest penances and at last succeeded in gratifying the illustrious and boon giving Siva, that Master of all the mobile and the immobile universe. In every new Yuga has Krishna (by such penances) gratified Mahadeva. In every Yuga has Mahadeva been gratified with the great devotion of the high-souled Krishna. How great is the puissance of the high-souled Mahadeva,~that original cause of the universe,— has been seen with his own eyes by Hari who himself transcends all deterioration, on the occasion of his penances in the retreat of Vadari undergone for obtaining a son. 2 I do not, O Bharata, behold any one that is superior to Mahadeva. To expound the names of that god of gods fully and without creating the desire of hearing more only Krishna is competent. This mighty-armed one of Yadu's race is alone competent to tell the

हिन्दी अर्थ

पर्याये तात कम्मिंश्रिद् ब्राह्मणो नाम जायते

English

Then the great ascetic Devasharman, calling Vipula, urged him, "Go, go, for flowers," Bharata.

हिन्दी अर्थ

था, वह समस्त सदगुणोंसे सम्पन्न था

English

Without reflecting on his teacher's word, the great ascetic Vipula said "So be it," king, and went to that place.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रायाद् गर्दभयुक्तेन रथेनाप्याशुगामिना

English

In the place where those flowers had fallen from the sky, other unwithered flowers were also there.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निरविध्यत् प्रतोदेन नासिकायां पुन: पुन:

English

Then he took those divine and lovely flowers of divine fragrance, obtained by his own austerity, Bharata.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मतंगने बारंबार चाबुकसे मारकर उसकी नाकमें घाव कर दिया

English

Having got them, with glad heart, doing his teacher's word, he quickly went to Champa, garlanded with champaka.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उवाच मा शुच: पुत्र चाण्डालस्त्वधितिष्ठति

English

In a solitary forest, dear one, he saw a pair of people turning like a wheel, holding each other's hands.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हुई बोली--'बेटा! शोक न करो। तुम्हारे ऊपर ब्राह्मण नहीं, चाण्डाल सवार है

English

There one went quickly turning in the other's steps, but the other did not go so, king, and then they quarrelled.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आचार्य: सर्वभूतानां शास्ता कि प्रहरिष्यति

English

"You go fast," said one, "No," said the other; "No, no," they both said to each other, dear one.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनोभावपर नियन्त्रण करता है

English

As they vied so, this oath was made then; looking at Vipula in mind, they then spoke these words:

हिन्दी अर्थ

अवतीर्य रथात् तूर्ण रासभीं प्रत्यभाषत

English

"Whichever of us told an untruth, may that one gain the goal in the next world that belongs to the twice-born Vipula."

हिन्दी अर्थ

कथं मां वेत्सि चण्डालं क्षिप्रं रासभि शंस मे

English

Hearing this, Vipula's face became downcast: "I, of such fierce austerity, and this acceptance is painful.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समझती है? शीघ्र मुझसे सारी बात बता

English

What sin have I done, that by this pair an unwelcome fate for all beings has been declared of me today?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत्त्वेनैतन्महाप्राज्ञे ब्रूहि सर्वमशेषत:

English

Thinking so, best of kings, Vipula with face down and head bent contemplated his own misdeed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जातस्त्वमसि चाण्डालो ब्राह्मणयं तेन तेडनशत्

English

Then he saw six other men, with gold and silver dice, playing, joined with greed and joy.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेरा ब्राह्मणत्व नष्ट हो गया है

English

Making that oath which was made by the pair, they too, looking at Vipula, spoke these words:

हिन्दी अर्थ

तमागतमभिप्रेक्ष्य पिता वाक्यमथाब्रवीत्

English

"Whoever, relying on greed, dares to do wrong to us, may he gain in the next world the goal that is Vipula's."

हिन्दी अर्थ

कस्मात् प्रतिनिवृत्तोडसि कच्चिन्न कुशलं तव

English

Hearing this, Vipula did not see any mixture of dharma, Kauravya, done by himself from birth onward.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आये? तुम कुशलसे तो हो न?

English

He then meditated, king, like fire placed in fire, his mind burning, having heard such a curse.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अमानुषी गर्दभीयं तस्मात् तप्स्ये तपो महत्

English

As he thought, dear one, many days and nights passed; this was in his mind: the guarding of Ruchi he had undertaken.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बता रही है; इसलिये अब मैं महान् तपमें लग जाऊँगा

English

"Having placed mark to mark and face to face, I did not tell my teacher this truth then."

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततो गत्वा महारण्यमतपत् सुमहतु तपः

English

This was the misdeed Vipula then took to be in himself, Kauravya, greatly fortunate one; so it was, without doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एक महान् वनमें जाकर वहाँ बड़ी भारी तपस्या करने लगा

English

Reaching the city of Champa, he gave the flowers to his teacher and duly honoured his teacher, fond of his teacher.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मतड़ दुर्लभमिदं विप्रत्वं प्रार्थथते त्वया

English

attributes of the illustrious Siva. Verily, O king, only he is able to discourse on the puissance, in its entirety of the Supreme deity?'

हिन्दी अर्थ

करते-करते शीघ्र ही कालके गालमें चले जाओगे

English

[Devasharman said:] "What did you see, Vipula, in that great forest? Those know you, and the wise self, and Ruchi.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः षष्टिगुणे काले लभते ब्रह्मबन्धुताम्

English

[Vipula said:] "Brahmarishi, what was that pair, and who were those men, lord, who know me in truth? You ought to tell me of them."

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततस्तु द्विशते काले लभते काण्डपृष्ठताम्

English

[Devasharman said:] "That pair, Brahmana, know as day and night; it turns like a wheel; it knows your misdeed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अस्त्र-शस्त्रोंसे जीविका चलानेवाले ब्राह्मणके यहाँ जन्म लेता है

English

Those men, brahmana, who gambled with dice as if glad, know them as the seasons; they know the misdeed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततस्तु त्रिशते काले लभते जपतामपि

English

A sinful man should not trust, thinking 'No one knows me', in secret doing a sinful deed, Brahmana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रोत्रियत्वे चिरं काल॑ तत्रैव परिवर्तते

English

A man doing a sinful deed in secret is always seen by the seasons and by day and night as well.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसी कुलमें चिरकालतक उसका आवागमन होता रहता है

English

Seeing you smiling with joy, not telling your teacher of the deed, they remembered, and spoke as you heard.

हिन्दी अर्थ

द्विजके भीतर प्रवेश होता है

English

Day and night know, and the seasons always, the sinful or good deed in a man, of a doer of good."

हिन्दी अर्थ

विनशिष्यसि दुर्बुद्धे तदुपारम माचिरम्

English

" Vaisampayana continued, 'Having said these words, the illustrious Bhishma, the grandsire of the Kurus, addressing Vasudeva, said the following words, dealing with the subject of the greatness of Bhava, O

हिन्दी अर्थ

वह नहीं मिलेगा; अतः इस दुराग्रहसे जितना शीघ्र सम्भव हो निवृत्त हो जाओ

English

"Bhishma said, 'Thou art the Master of all the deities and the Asuras. Thou art illustrious. Thou art Vishnu in consequence of thy pervading the whole universe. It behoveth thee to discourse on those subjects connected with Siva of universal form about which Yudhishthira has asked me. In days of yore, the Rishi Tandin, sprung from Brahma, recited in Brahma's region and before Brahma himself the thousand names of Mahadeva. Do thou recite those names before this conclave so that these Rishis endued with wealth of asceticism, observant of high vows, possessed of self-restraint, and numbering the Island-born Krishna among them, may hear thee. Do thou discourse on the high blessedness of Him who is immutable, who is always cheerful and happy, who is Hotri, who is the universal Protector, who is Creator, of the universe, and who is called Mundin and Kaparddin.' l

हिन्दी अर्थ

तदग्रयं प्रार्थयानस्त्वमचिराद् विनशिष्यसि

English

"Vasudeva said, 'The very deities with Indra, and the Grandsire Brahma numbering among them, and the great Rishis also, are incompetent to understand the course of Mahadeva's acts truly and in all their details. Even He is the end which all righteous people attain. The very Adityas who are endued with subtile sight, are unable to behold his abode. How then can one that is merely a man succeed in comprehending Him? 2 I shall, therefore, truly recite to you some of the attributes of that illustrious slayer of Asuras, who is regarded as the Lord of all sacrifices and vows.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चण्डालयोनौ जातेन न तत् प्राप्पं कथंचन

English

"Vaisampayana continued, 'Having said these words, the illustrious Vasudeva began his discourse on the attributes of the high-souled Mahadeva endued with the highest intelligence, after having purified himself by touching water."

हिन्दी अर्थ

चाण्डालयोनिमें उत्पन्न हुआ मनुष्य किसी तरह नहीं पा सकता”

English

"Vasudeva said, 'Hear, ye foremost of Brahmana's and thou Yudhishthira also, O sire, and hear thou too, O Ganga's son, the names that are applied unto Kaparddin. Hear ye, how in former days, I obtained a sight, so difficult to obtain, (of that great god), for the sake of Samva. Verily, in those days was the illustrious deity seen by me in consequence of Yoga-abstraction. 3 After twelve years had expired from the time when Pradyumna, the son of Rukmini, who is endued with great intelligence,

हिन्दी अर्थ

अतिष्ठदेकपादेन वर्षाणां शतमच्युत:

English

slew the Asura Samvara in days of yore, my spouse Jamvavati addressed me. Indeed, beholding Pradyumna and Charudeshna and other sons born of Rukmini, Jamvavati, desirous of a son, said these words unto me, O Yudhishthira,~Grant me, O thou of unfading glory, a son endued with heroism, the foremost of mighty men, possessed of the most agreeable features, sinless in conduct, and like unto

हिन्दी अर्थ

वर्षोतक एक पैरसे खड़ा रहा

English

[Bhishma said:] Having so spoken to Vipula, the great sage Devasharman, pleased, rejoiced, having gone to heaven with his wife and pupil.

हिन्दी अर्थ

माँगनेपर भी पा न सकोगे

English

The great sage Markandeya told me this account long ago, king, on the bank of the Ganga, between other tales.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मा कृथा: साहसं पुत्र नैष धर्मपथस्तव

English

Therefore I tell you, Partha, that in all women both are always seen: constantly good and bad.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अप्राप्यं प्रार्थथानो हि नचिराद् विनशिष्यसि

English

Good women, greatly fortunate, approved, mothers of the world, support this earth with its forests and groves, king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चिकीर्षस्येव तपसा सर्वथा न भविष्यसि

English

Bad women, ill-behaved, family-killers, of sinful resolve, are to be known by evil marks born with their bodies, king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स जायते पुल्कसो वा चण्डालो वाप्यसंशय:

English

Thus guarding of these can be done by great souls; otherwise, tiger of kings, women cannot be guarded.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स तस्यामेव सुचिरं मतड़ परिवर्तते

English

These, tiger among men, are sharp and of sharp valour; none of them has a dear one in union with men.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुदीर्घकालतक अपनी उसी योनिमें चक्कर लगाता रहता है

English

They are magical creatures, to be used and made, bull of the Bharatas; and they do not delight in a single man, Pandava.

हिन्दी अर्थ

और उसमें भी अनेक जन्मोंतक चक्कर लगाता रहता है

English

Men should not have affection for them, nor jealousy, king; one should enjoy with weariness, resorting to dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वैश्यतायां चिरं कालं तत्रैव परिवर्तते

English

A man acting otherwise would be destroyed, descendant of the Kurus; in every way, tiger of kings, a method is honoured everywhere.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसीमें चक्कर काटता रहता है

English

Women were guarded in that way by Vipula alone; no other in the world of men can guard women, king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अथ ते वै जयन्त्येनं तालाग्रादिव पात्यते

English

thyself. And O, let there be no delay on thy part in granting this prayer of mine. There is nothing in the three worlds that is unattainable by thee, O perpetuator of Yadu's race, thou canst create other worlds if only thou wishest it. Observing a vow for twelve years and purifying thyself, thou hadst adored the Lord of all creatures (viz., Mahadeva) and then begot upon Rukmini the sons that she has obtained from thee, viz., Charudeshna and Sucharu and Charuvesa and Yasodhana and Charusravas and Charuyasas and Pradyumna and Sambhu. O slayer of Madhu, do thou grant to me a son like unto those of great powers whom thou hast begotten upon Rukmini?~Thus addressed by the princess, I replied unto her of slender waist,— Let me have thy permission (to leave thee for some time), O queen. I shall certainly obey thy behest. She answered me, saying,— Go, and may success and prosperity always attend thee. Let Brahma and Siva and Kasyapa, the Rivers, those deities that preside over the mind, the soil, all deciduous herbs, those Chhandas (Rhymes) that are regarded as bearers of the libations poured in sacrifices, the Rishis, Earth, the Oceans, the sacrificial presents, those syllables that are uttered for completing the cadences of Samans, the Rikshas, the Pitris, the Planets, the spouses of the deities, the celestial maidens, the celestial mothers, the great cycles, kine, Chandramas, Savitri, Agni, Savitri, the knowledge of the Vedas, the seasons, the year, small and big divisions of time, e.g., the Kshanas, the Labas, the Muhurtas, the Nimeshas, and the Yugas in succession, protect thee, O Yadava, and keep thee in happiness, wherever thou mayst stay. Let no danger overtake thee on thy way, and let no heedlessness be thine, O sinless one.— Thus blessed by her, I took her leave, bidding farewell unto the daughter of the prince of apes. Repairing then into the presence of that foremost of men, viz., my father, of my mother, of the king, and of Ahuka, I informed them of what the daughter of the prince of the Vidyadharas, in great affliction, had said unto me. Bidding them farewell with a sorrowful heart, I then repaired to Gada and to Rama of great might. These two cheerfully addressed me saying,— Let thy penances increase without any obstruction.— Having obtained the permission of all of them, I thought of Garuda. He immediately came to me and bore me to Himavat (at my bidding). Arrived at Himavat, I dismissed him. There on that foremost of mountains, I beheld many wonderful sights. I saw an excellent, wonderful, and agreeable retreat for the practice of penances. That delightful retreat was owned by the high-souled Upamanyu who was a descendant of Vyaghrapada. That retreat is applauded and reverenced by the deities and the Gandharvas, and seemed to be covered with Vedic beauty. It was adorned with Dhavas and

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मण: सर्वभूतानां योगक्षेमसमर्पिता

English

[Bhishma said:] This is held the most to be reflected on of all dharmas, to whom a maiden should be given, lord of the earth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हैवं तु कथमेतद् वै यदहं मातृदोषतः

English

Having considered conduct, learning, family and deeds, the maiden is to be given with water to a worthy groom; this is the constant dharma of good brahmanas, Yudhishthira.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रूयते वदसे तच्च दुष्प्रापमिति सत्तम

English

One who gives, being favourable, a bride to be brought, should so bring her; this is the eternal dharma of the good and of kshatriyas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हर्यश्व इति विख्यातो बभूव जयतां वर:

English

One who leaves aside his own wish and follows the maiden's wish, and she is given to whom she wishes, Yudhishthira: knowers of dharma call this dharma Gandharva.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तैर्वीतहव्यैरागत्य युधि सर्वर्विनिर्जित:

English

Having bought with much wealth and tempted the relatives, king, the wise call this the dharma of asuras.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वीतहव्यके सभी पुत्रोंने आक्रमण करके युद्धमें उन्हें भी परास्त कर दिया

English

Carrying off by force a weeping maiden from home from her weeping family, having killed and cut heads, is the Rakshasa mark of dharma, dear one.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सौदेवस्त्वथ काशीशो दिवोदासो5भ्यषिच्यत

English

Of the five, three are righteous and two unrighteous, Yudhishthira; the Paishacha and Asura are never to be practised.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वाराणसीं महातेजा निर्ममे शक्रशासनात्

English

Brahma, Kshatra and Gandharva are righteous, bull among men; separately or mixed they are to be done, without doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वृणीष्व काममन्यं त्वं ब्राह्मुण्यं हि सुदुर्लभम्

English

Kakubhas and Kadamvas and Cocas, with Kuruvakas and Ketakas and Jamvus and Patalas, with banians and Varunakas and Vatsanabhas and Vilwas, with Saralas and Kapitthas and Piyalas and Salas and palmyras with Vadaris and Kundas and Punnagas and Asokas and Amras and Kovidaras and Champakas and Panasas, and with diverse other trees endued with fruits and flowers. And that retreat was also decked with the straight stems of the Musa Supienta. l Truly, that asylum was adorned with diverse other kinds of trees and with diverse kinds of fruits forming the food of diverse kinds of birds. Heaps of ashes (of sacrificial fires) were thrown in proper places all around, which added to the beauty of the scene. It abounded with Rurus and apes and tigers and lions and leopards, with deer of diverse species and peacocks, and with cats and snakes. Indeed, large numbers of other animals also were seen there, as also buffaloes and bears. Delicious breezes constantly blew bearing the melodious strains of celestial nymphs. The babblings of mountain rivulets and springs, the sweet notes of winged choristers, the gruntings of elephants, the delicious stains of Kinnaras, and the auspicious voice of

हिन्दी अर्थ

सहस्रमेकपादेन ततो ध्याने व्यतिष्ठत

English

The brahmin wife should be the senior; for a kshatriya, a kshatriya woman; for pleasure a shudra woman may be, others say not.

हिन्दी अर्थ

और संयमशील बनाकर एक हजार वर्षोतक एक पैरसे ध्यान लगाये खड़ा रहा

English

The good do not praise the begetting of offspring on a shudra woman; a brahmin begetting on a shudra woman is given an expiation.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तदेव च पुनर्वाक्यमुवाच बलवृत्रहा

English

A man of thirty should marry a ten-year-old wife, unclad; or one of twenty-one a seven-year-old.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अतिष्ठमेकपादेन ब्राह्म॒ण्यं नाप्तुयां कथम्

English

A maiden who has no brother or father, bull of the Bharatas, he should never marry, for she is a daughter appointed as son.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्यं काम॑ वृणीष्व त्वं मा वृथा तेडस्त्वयं श्रम:

English

A maiden of age should wait three years; when the fourth comes, she should herself find a husband.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अध्यतिष्ठद् गयां गत्वा सों5गुछ्ठेन शतं समा:

English

Her offspring is lost and her husband too, bull of the Bharatas; so one acting otherwise would be blamed by Prajapati.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वगस्थिभूतो धर्मात्मा स पपातेति नः श्रुतम्

English

One not of her mother's sapinda and not of her father's gotra: Manu said that one should marry such a woman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वराणामीश्वरो दाता सर्वभूतहिते रत:

English

[Yudhishthira said:] If a bride-price has been given by one and another says "I give", another speaks by force and another shows wealth,

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्माण्यं दुर्लभतरं संवृतं परिपन्थिभि:

English

and another is the one who takes the hand, whose is the maiden, grandfather? Be our eye as we seek the truth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मण: सर्वभूतानां मतंग पर उच्यते

English

[Bhishma said:] Whatever human act is undertaken for establishment, with mantra, and has been consecrated, a falsehood in it is a sin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राणियोंमें सर्वश्रेष्ठ कहा जाता है

English

Wife, husband, priest, teacher, pupil and instructor deserve punishment for lying; others say not.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वद्दीस्तु संविशन् योनीर्जायमान: पुन: पुन:

English

Manu does not praise agreement without desire; what is false, disgraceful and unrighteous angers dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तदुत्सृज्येह दुष्प्रापं ब्राह्म॒ण्यमकृतात्मभि:

English

There is no sole fault in one alone; that giving is not found where they give righteously and where they buy, Bharata.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कि मां तुदसि दुःखार्त मृतं मारयसे च माम्

English

Permitted by relatives, one should apply mantra and offering; so those mantras succeed, and never for one not given.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जन्मसे ही ब्राह्मणत्वको पाकर भी तुम उसे अपना नहीं रहे हो

English

The agreement by mantra made here between wife and husband is called the weightier, and the one made by kinsmen.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणं यदि दुष्प्रापं त्रिभिर्वण: शतक्रतो

English

The husband knows the wife given by the gods by the rule of dharma; she rejects divine or human false speech.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यः पापेभ्य: पापतमस्तेषामधम एव सः:

English

[Yudhishthira said:] If, when a maiden's price has been paid, a better groom comes, joined with dharma, desire and wealth, should untruth be said or not?

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुष्प्रापं खलु विप्रत्वं प्राप्त दुरनुपालनम्

English

In that fault on both sides, doing the better, one should act. This is held the most to be reflected on of all our dharmas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एकारामो हाहं शक्र निर्दधन्द्ो निष्परिग्रह:

English

Be our eye as we seek the truth; tell all this; I am not satisfied; let it be told.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नूनं हैव॑ न शक्‍्यं हि पौरुषेणातिवर्तितुम्

English

[Vyasa said:] The price is not the end-making; knowing so, one does not take it; the good never give a maiden for a price.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जिसके लिये ऐसा प्रयत्नशील हूँ उस ब्राह्मणत्वको नहीं उपलब्ध कर पाता हूँ

English

Kinsmen ask a price for a maiden of other qualities; one who gives, being favourable, saying "Adorn her and take her",

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवंगते तु धर्मज्ञ दातुमरहसि मे वरम्

English

gives that and her too; that is not a price, nor a sale; having received it, it should be given. This is eternal dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथा कामविहारी स्यां कामरूपी विहड्गरम:

English

"I shall give you the maiden" was not said earlier; those who say it, those who do not, and those who say it as necessary,

हिन्दी अर्थ

छन्‍्दोदेव इति ख्यातः स्त्रीणां पूज्यो भविष्यसि

English

ask each other until the taking of the hand. We have heard that the groom was formerly given the maiden by the Maruts.

हिन्दी अर्थ

परित्याग करके उत्तम स्थान (ब्रह्मलोक)-को प्राप्त हुआ

English

A maiden is not to be given to the unwilling, so said the sages' injunction; its root, I think, is desire, the root of offspring.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तच्च दुष्प्रापमिह वै महेन्द्रवचनं यथा

English

Considering the many faults of living together of two who hate each other, hear how the price does not make the end.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनुसार यह इस जीवनमें दूसरे वर्णके लोगोंके लिये दुर्लभ है

English

I carried off two maidens for Vichitravirya, having conquered all the Magadhas, Kashis and Kosalas; one whose hand had been taken got a price, the other did not.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुदुष्प्रापं यद् ब्रवीषि ब्राह्म॒ण्यं वदतां वर

English

"The one whose hand was taken there should be released," my father said; the Kaurava took the other maiden.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणत्वकी प्राप्ति बहुत ही कठिन है

English

He asked of another, fearing his father's word, and my father's wish for dharma was exceedingly great.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तदेव तावद् गाड़ेय श्रोतुमिच्छाम्यहं विभो

English

Then I said these words, king, wishing conduct: "I wish to know conduct in truth," again and again.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रभो! अब मैं पहले उसी प्रसड़को सुनना चाहता हूँ

English

When I had so spoken, my father, Bahlika, best of upholders of dharma, great king, said:

हिन्दी अर्थ

वरेण तपसा वापि तन्मे व्याख्यातुमरहसि

English

"If for you the end is by price and not by taking the hand, let her who got a price wait at the throwing of parched grain on the chosen husband.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हुए? यह मुझे विस्तारपूर्वक बतानेकी कृपा करें

English

Knowers of dharma do not say that speech is a remembered standard for those for whom the end is by price and not by taking the hand.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोकसम्मानित दुर्लभ ब्राह्मणत्व प्राप्त किया था, उसे बताता हूँ, सुनो

English

What is said in giving is known, and for them there is a return; those who think a price can be bought are not knowers of dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बभूव पुत्रो धर्मात्मा शर्यातिरिति विश्रुत:

English

Such a one is not to be given nor to be married; a wife is not to be bought nor to be sold in any way.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मात्मा पुत्र उत्पन्न हुआ, जिसका नाम था शर्याति

English

Those who buy like slave-women and those who sell, for those greedy and sinful the end would be so."

हिन्दी अर्थ

हैहयस्तालजंघश्न वत्सस्य जयतां वर

English

In this dharma people asked Satyavan; the giver of the price, when the maiden's price was paid, became calm.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शतं बभूव पुत्राणां शूराणामनिवर्तिनाम्

English

"And another might be the hand-taker; here we have a doubt of dharma; cut it, greatly wise one, for you are honoured by the wise; be our eye as we seek the truth."

हिन्दी अर्थ

धनुर्वेदे च वेदे च सर्वत्रैव कृतश्रमा:

English

To them speaking so, Satyavan said: "She should be given where it is wished; there is no need for debate. Even living men do this; for the dead there is no doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गड्जायमुनयोर्म ध्ये संग्रामे विनिपातित:

English

A maiden might enter the brother-in-law, or practise great austerity, devoted to him alone, in the name of the hand-taker.

हिन्दी अर्थ

युद्धमें मार गिराया

English

Some write it slowly; those who agree so here know this to be the settlement.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रतिजग्मु: पुरी रम्यां वत्सानामकुतो भया:

English

What is later than the taking of the hand, where the all-auspicious mantra applies, a falsehood is a sin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुरम्य पुरीको लौट गये

English

The end of the hand-taking mantras is at the seventh step; she is the wife of the hand-taker, to whom she is given with water.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुदेवो देवसंकाश: साक्षाद् धर्म इवापर:

English

The best of the twice-born, circling her as is right, should take as wife one favourable, of the line, given by a brother, and with fire."

हिन्दी अर्थ

नैकद्रव्योच्चयवर्ती समृद्धविपणापणाम्

English

ascetics singing the Samans, O hero, and diverse other kinds of music, rendered that retreat extremely charming. The very imagination cannot conceive another retreat as delightful as the one I beheld. There were also large houses in that asylum, intended for keeping the sacred fire, and covered all over with flowering creepers. It was adorned with the river Ganga of clear and sacred water. Indeed, the daughter of Jahnu always remained there. It was decked also with many ascetics who were the foremost of all righteous persons, who were endued with high souls, and who resembled fire itself in energy. 2 Some of those ascetics subsisted upon air and some upon water, some were devoted to Japa or the silent recitation of sacred Mantras, and some were engaged in cleansing their souls by practising the virtues of compassion while some amongst them were Yogins devoted to the abstraction of Yoga-meditation. Some amongst them subsisted upon smoke only, and some subsisted upon fire, and some upon milk. Thus was that retreat

हिन्दी अर्थ

न भेतव्यं न भेतव्यं सौदेव व्येतु ते भयम्

English

[Bhishma said:] The maiden who is the heir of a childless one then becomes the substitute for a son.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेजो लोक्यं स संगृहा तस्मिन् देशे समाविशत्

English

But if one who is bought brings back the price, she, in the giver's interest, should seek offspring by whatever rule she can.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जगत्का तेज भर दिया

English

No one should do anything to her by mantra.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सूर्यके समान प्रकाशित होने लगा

English

"Chosen by herself", Savitri was accepted by her father; some praise that, the knowers of dharma, not others.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रययौ स धनुर्धुन्चन् खड्गी चर्मी शरासनी

English

Others have not done this, nor have the good ever; but the conduct of the good is the weightier mark of dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मेने च मनसा दग्धान् वैतहव्यान् स पार्थिव:

English

In this very matter Sukratu spoke, the grandson of the great-souled Janaka, king of Videha:

हिन्दी अर्थ

वीतहव्यके पुत्रोंको अपने पुत्रके तेजसे दग्ध हुआ ही समझा

English

"On a path practised by the bad, how could there be recitation? Question or doubt would blame this of the good.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृतकृत्य माना और बड़े आनन्दका अनुभव किया

English

The Asura rule is indeed carelessness of dharma; we have not heard of this in former births."

हिन्दी अर्थ

गोमत्या दक्षिणे कूले शक्रस्येवामरावतीम्

English

adorned with many foremost of regenerate persons. And some there were amongst them that had taken the vow of eating and drinking like kine,— that is, by giving up the use of the hands at once. And some used only two pieces of stone for husking their grain, and some used their teeth only for that purpose. And some subsisted by drinking only the rays of the moon, and some by drinking only froth. And some had betaken themselves to vow of living like deer, l And some there were that lived upon the fruits of the Ficus religiosa, and some that used to live upon water. And some dressed themselves in rags and some in animal skins and some in barks of trees. Indeed, I beheld diverse ascetics of the foremost order observing these and other painful vows. I desired then to enter that asylum. Verily, that asylum was honoured and adored by the deities and all high-souled beings, by Siva and others, O Bharata, and by all creatures of righteous acts. Thus addressed, it stood in all its beauty on the breast of Himavat, like the lunar disc in the firmament. The mongoose sported there with the snake, and the tiger with the deer, like friends, forgetting their natural enmity, in consequence of the energy of those ascetics of blazing penances and for their proximity to these high-souled ones. In that foremost of asylums, which was delightful to all creatures, inhabited by many foremost of Brahmanas fully conversant with the Vedas and their branches, and by many high-souled Rishis celebrated for the difficult vows they observed, I saw, as soon as I entered, a puissant Rishi with matted locks on head and dressed in rags, who seemed to blaze forth like fire with his penances and energy. Waited upon by his disciples and possessed of tranquil soul, that foremost of Brahmanas was young in aspect. His name was Upamanyu. Unto me who bowed unto him with a nod of the head, he said,— Welcome art thou, O thou of eyes like lotus petals. Today, by this visit of thine, we see that our penances have borne fruit. Thou art worthy of our adoration, but thou adorest us still. Thou art worthy of being seen, but thou desirest to see me. —Joining my hands I addressed him the usual enquiries respecting the well-being of the animals and birds that resided in his asylum, of the progress of his righteousness, and of his disciples. The illustrious Upamanyu then addressed me in words that were exceedingly sweet and delightful,— Thou shalt, O Krishna, obtain without doubt a son like unto thyself. Betaking thyself to severe penances, do thou gratify Isana, the Lord of all creatures. That divine Master, O Adhokshaja, sporteth here with his spouse by his side. O Janarddana, it was here that the deities with all the Rishis, in days of yore, gratified that foremost of deities by their penances and Brahmacharyya and truth and self-restraint, and succeeded in obtaining the fruition of many high desires. That illustrious god is verily the vast receptacle of all

हिन्दी अर्थ

देवासुरसमं घोरं दिवोदासो महाद्युति:

English

[Yudhishthira said:] By what authority is wealth taken by men? A daughter ought to be like a son to her father.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हतवाहनभभूयिष्ठस्ततो हैन्यमुपागमत्

English

[Bhishma said:] As the self, so the son; a daughter is equal to a son; when she stands in the self, how can another take the wealth?

हिन्दी अर्थ

दिवोदास: पुरी त्यक्त्वा पलायनपरो5भवत्

English

What is a mother's dowry is a maiden's portion alone; or a daughter's son would take the inheritance of a childless father.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जगाम शरणं राजा कृताञज्जलिररिंदम

English

He gives the rice-ball to his father and his mother's father; in son and daughter's son there is here no distinction in dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरोधा: शीलसम्पन्नो दिवोदासं महीपतिम्

English

A son seeks offspring born elsewhere; a daughter is distinguished from a son born elsewhere.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यत् ते प्रियं तत् करिष्ये न मे5त्रास्ति विचारणा

English

I see no reason in the dharma of a daughter's son; the sons who are born of sold women belong to the father alone.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अहमेकः: परिद्यूनो भवन्तं शरणं गत:

English

They are envious, most unrighteous, takers of others' goods, deceitful, born of the Asura rule, uneven in conduct from dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एकशेष: कृतो वंशो मम तै: पापकर्मभि:

English

Here are verses sung by Yama, recited by the knowers of old, bound in the law books, the bridges of dharma:

हिन्दी अर्थ

एक ही व्यक्तिको शेष छोड़ा है

English

"The man who, having sold a son, wishes for wealth, or gives a daughter for a price for his living,

हिन्दी अर्थ

डरो। तुम्हारा भय दूर हो जाना चाहिए

English

in the very terrible hell called Kalasaha for seven rebirths, there after death he eats sweat, urine and excrement.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वीतहव्यसहस्राणि येन त्वं प्रहरिष्यसि

English

Some say a cow and bull pair is the price in the sages' rite; that is false; little or much, king, it is as much a sale.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हजारों वीतहव्य-पुत्रोंकी मार गिराओगे”

English

Even if practised by some, this is in no way dharma; in others too, actions from greed are seen.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वेदं चापि जगौ कृत्स्नं धनुर्वेदे च भारत

English

Those who enjoy a maiden in their power, ordained, are makers of sin and lie in blind darkness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देने लगा। उसी समय उसने अपने मुखसे सम्पूर्ण वेद और धनुर्वेदका गान किया

English

Another man should not be sold, still less offspring; by wealth with unrighteous roots there is no purpose at all."

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुत्र प्रस्थापयामास प्रतर्दनमरिंदमम्

English

energies and penances. Projecting into existence and withdrawing once more unto himself all things

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राद्रवन्नगरं हित्वा भूगोराश्रममप्युत

English

[Bhishma said:] That is the honouring of maidens and is the most non-cruel; and all of it must be returned to the maiden, wholly.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आश्रममें भाग गये

English

By fathers, brothers, fathers-in-law and brothers-in-law they are to be honoured and cherished, by those wishing much welfare.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अभयं च ददौ तस्मै राजे राजन् भगुस्तदा

English

If a woman is not pleased she does not please the man; and by not pleasing the man, offspring does not increase.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स प्राप्य चाश्रमपदं दिवोदासात्मजोब्रवीत्

English

Women are always to be honoured and cherished, lord of men; where they are not honoured, all rites are fruitless; that family exists no more when kinswomen grieve.

हिन्दी अर्थ

द्रष्टमिच्छे मुनिमहं तस्याचक्षत मामिति

English

Houses cursed by kinswomen are cut down as if by magic; they neither shine nor grow, lord, being devoid of prosperity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पूजयामास च ततो विधिना नृपसत्तमम्

English

Manu, wishing to go to heaven, entrusted women to men: weak, with little clothing, friends, wishing to win by truth,

हिन्दी अर्थ

स चोवाच नृपस्तस्मै यदागमनकारणम्

English

jealous, desiring honour, fierce, unfriendly, unwise; women deserve honour: honour them, men.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तब राजाने उनसे अपने आगमनका जो कारण था, उसे इस प्रकार बताया

English

A wife is your trust, dharma, and only pleasures of love; service and refinement depend on her; let them depend on you.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रययौ वीतहव्यानां पुरी परपुरज्जय:

English

good and evil, that inconceivable Deity whom thou seekest, O destroyer of foes, lives here with his spouse. He who took his birth as the Danava named Hiranyakashipu, whose strength was so great that he could shake the very mountains of Mem, succeeded in obtaining from Mahadeva the puissance belonging to all the deities and enjoyed it for ten millions of years. He who was the foremost of all his sons and who was celebrated by the name of Mandara, succeeded, through the boon he had obtained from Mahadeva, in fighting Sakra for a million of years. The terrible discus of Vishnu and the thunderbolt of Indra were both unable to make the slightest impression, O Kesava, in days of yore, upon the body of that great cause of universal affliction, l The discus which thou bearest, O sinless one, was given unto thee by Mahadeva after he had slain a Daitya that was proud of his strength and used to live within the waters. That discus, blazing with energy and like unto fire, was created by the great god having for his device the bull. Wonderful and irresistible in energy it was given unto thee by that illustrious god. In consequence of its blazing energy it was incapable of being gazed at by any person save Siva the wielder of Pinaka. It was for this reason that Bhava (Siva) bestowed upon it the name of Sudarsana. From that time the name Sudarsana came to be current in all the worlds. Even the weapon, O Kesava, failed to make the slightest impression on the body of Hiranyakashipu' s son Mandara, that appeared like an evil planet in the three worlds. Hundreds of Chakras like thine and thunderbolts like that of Sakra, could not inflict a scratch on the body of that evil planet endued with great might, who had obtained a boon from Mahadeva. Afflicted by the mighty Mandara, the deities fought hard against him and his associates, all of whom had obtained boons from Mahadeva. Gratified with another Danava named Vidyutprabha, Mahadeva granted to him the sovereignty of the three worlds. That Danava remained the sovereign of the three worlds for a hundred thousand years. And Mahadeva said unto him,— Thou shalt become one of my attendants. —Indeed, the puissant Lord further bestowed upon him the boon of a hundred millions of children. The Master without birth, of all creatures further gave the Danava the region known by the name of Kusadwipa for his kingdom. Another great Asura, of the name of Satamukha, was created by Brahma. For a hundred years he poured on' the sacrificial fire (as offerings unto Mahadeva) the flesh of his own body. Gratified with such penances, Sankara said unto him,— What can I do for thee?— Satamukha replied unto him, saying,— O thou that art most wonderful, let me have the power of creating new creatures and animals. Give also unto me, O foremost of all deities, eternal power.— The puissant lord, thus addressed by him, said unto him,— So be it.— The Self-born

हिन्दी अर्थ

निर्ययुर्नगराकारै रथै: पररथारुजै:

English

Brahma, concentrating his mind in Yoga, I in days of yore, made a sacrifice for three hundred years, with the object of obtaining children. Mahadeva granted him a thousand sons possessed of qualifications commensurate with the merits of the sacrifice. Without doubt, thou knowest, O Krishna, the lord of Yoga, him that is, who is sung by the deities. The Rishi known by the name of Yajnavalkya is exceedingly virtuous. By adoring Mahadeva he has acquired great fame. The great ascetic who is Parasara's son, viz., Vyasa, of soul set on Yoga, has obtained great celebrity by adoring

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रतर्दन॑ समाजग्मु: शरवर्षैरुदायुधा:

English

For woman there is no sacrifice, no funeral rite and no fasting; her dharma is serving her husband, and by that she wins heaven.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अभ्यवर्षन्त राजानं हिमवन्तमिवाम्बुदा:

English

The father protects in childhood, the husband in youth, the sons in old age; a woman is not fit for independence.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपततन् रुधिरार्द्राज़ा निकृत्ता इव किंशुका:

English

These women are called Shri; one wishing prosperity should honour them; cherished and restrained, a woman becomes Shri, Bharata.