Anushasana Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

चण्डालयोनौ जातो हि कथं ब्राह्मण्यमाप्तवान्

English

serpent, do not absolve thee from all blame. Mrityu and thyself are the causes of the child's death. I consider both of you to be the cause and I do not call that to be the cause which is not truly so. Accursed be the wicked and vengeful Mrityu that causes affliction to the good. Thee too I shall kill that art sinful and engaged, in sinful acts!'

हिन्दी अर्थ

तपस्यामें संलग्न रहते थे। उन्होंने राजा गाधिसे उस कन्याको माँगा

English

[Bhishma said:] In the realm of the king of Kashi, a hunter went out of a village, took a poisoned arrow and hunted a deer.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ददौ तां समलंकृत्य कन्यां भगुसुताय वै

English

There in a great forest the hunter, greedy for meat, seeing a deer not far away, set his arrow ready.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अथ तामब्रवीन्माता सुतां किंचिदवाड्मुखी

English

By that arrow of unstoppable weapon and uncertain aim, a great forest tree was pierced as he tried to kill the deer.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुनकर उसकी माताने संकोचसे सिर नीचे करके पुत्रीसे कहा--

English

Struck with force by the arrow smeared with sharp poison, the tree gave up fruit and leaves and withered.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपत्यस्य प्रदानेन समर्थश्न महातपा:

English

In that tree so affected, a parrot who had long lived in its hollows did not leave his home, out of devotion to the forest tree.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मातुश्चिकीर्षितं राजनचीकस्तामथाब्रवीत्

English

Without moving about, without food, weak, with slack voice, the grateful, righteous-souled one withered along with the tree.

हिन्दी अर्थ

की। तब ऋचीकने उससे कहा--

English

Knowing that noble, great-hearted bird of superhuman conduct, equal in pain and pleasure, Pakashasana was astonished.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मम प्रसादात् कल्याणि माभूत् ते प्रणयो5न्यूथा

English

Then Shakra fell into thought: "How has this bird, in an animal womb, resorted to a non-cruelty that seems impossible?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणत्वं गतस्तात ब्रद्मूर्षित्वं तथैव च

English

"Mrityu said, 'We both are not free agents, but are dependent on Kala, and ordained to do our appointed work. Thou shouldst not find fault with us if thou dost consider this matter thoroughly.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

बभूव भरतश्रेष्ठ यज्वा धर्मभूतां वर:

English

"The fowler said, 'If ye both, O serpent and Mrityu, be dependent on Kala, I am curious to know how pleasure (arising from doing good) and anger (arising from doing evil) are caused.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

यज्ञकर्ता एवं धर्मात्माओंमें श्रेष्ठ थे

English

"Mrityu said, 'Whatever is done is done under the influence of Kala. I have said it before, O fowler, that Kala is the cause of all and that for this reason we both, acting under the inspiration of Kala, do our appointed work and therefore, O fowler, we two do not deserve censure from thee in any way!'

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुहितृत्वमनुप्राप्ता गड़ा यस्य महात्मन:

English

"Bhishma continued, 'Then Kala arrived at that scene of disputation on this point of morality, and spoke thus to the serpent and Mrityu and the fowler Arjunaka assembled together.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

सिन्धुद्वीपाच्च राजर्षिबलाकाश्वो महाबल:

English

"Kala said, 'Neither Mrityu, nor this serpent, nor I, O fowler, am guilty of the death of any creature. We are merely the immediate exciting causes of the event. O Arjunaka, the Karma of this child formed the exciting cause of our action in this matter. There was no other cause by which this child came by its death. It was killed as a result of its own Karma. It has met with death as the result of its Karma in the past. Its Karma has been the cause of its destruction. We all are subject to the influence of our respective Karma. Karma is an aid to salvation even as sons are, and Karma also is an indicator of virtue and vice in man. We urge one another even as acts urge one another. As men make from a lump of clay whatever they wish to make, even so do men attain to various results determined by Karma. As light and shadow are related to each other, so are men related to Karma through their own actions. Therefore, neither art thou, nor am I, nor Mrityu, nor the serpent, nor this old Brahmana lady, is the cause of this child's death. He himself is the cause here. Upon Kala, O king, expounding the matter in this way, Gautami, convinced in her mind that men suffer according to their actions, spoke thus to Arjunaka.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

सिन्धुद्वीपसे महाबली राजा बलाकाश्वका जन्म हुआ था

English

"Gautami said, 'Neither Kala, nor Mrityu, nor the serpent, is the cause in this matter. This child has met with death as the result of its own Karma. I too so acted (in the past) that my son has died (as its consequence). Let now Kala and Mrityu retire from this place, and do thou too, O Arjunaka, release this

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुशिकस्तस्य तनय: सहस्राक्षसमद्युति:

English

"Bhishma continued, 'Then Kala and Mrityu and the serpent went back to their respective destinations, and Gautami became consoled in mind as

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपुत्र: प्रसवेनार्थी वनवासमुपावसत्

English

also the fowler. Having heard all this, O king, do thou forego all grief, and attain to peace of mind. Men

हिन्दी अर्थ

इच्छासे पुण्यकर्म करनेके लिये वे वनमें रहने लगे

English

Having considered with wisdom this tree, whose life had gone, without strength, its essence gone, its beauty destroyed, shameless, unsteady,

हिन्दी अर्थ

भूतलपर कहीं भी उसके रूप और सौन्दर्यकी तुलना नहीं थी

English

hearing what Shakra said, the righteous-souled parrot sighed very long and spoke in distress:

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुल्कं॑ प्रदीयतां महं ततो वत्स्यसि मे सुताम्

English

"The gods, lord of Shachi, are not to be transgressed; where you are, there is being; hear that, lord of gods.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुहितुर्ब्रह्यासंसक्तो माभूत् तत्र विचारणा

English

I was born in this tree, joined with good qualities, protected in childhood and not harmed by enemies.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एकतः: श्यामकर्णानां सहस््रं देहि भार्गव

English

Why do you make my compassion fruitless, sinless one, when I am devoted to non-cruelty, a devotee, and a follower?

हिन्दी अर्थ

अब्रवीद् वरुण देवमादित्यं पतिमम्भसाम्

English

Compassion of the good is a very great mark of dharma, and compassion always gives joy to the good.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हजार ऐसे घोड़ोंकी भिक्षा माँगता हूँ जिनका एक ओरका कान श्याम रंगका हो”

English

You are asked about doubts of dharma by all the gods; therefore you are established in sovereignty over the gods of gods.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उवाच यत्र ते छन्दस्तत्रोत्थास्यन्ति वाजिन:

English

You ought not, thousand-eyed, to make me abandon one able here out of devotion; relying on it, how should I abandon it today?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

इच्छा होगी, वहींसे इस तरहके घोड़े प्रकट हो जायँगे”

English

Delighted by his gentle word, Pakashasana, pleased with his non-cruelty, said to the parrot, knower of dharma:

हिन्दी अर्थ

गड्ाजलात् समुत्तस्थी सहस्नं विपुलौजसाम्

English

"Choose a boon." Then the parrot chose a boon: the tree's coming back to life, ever intent on non-cruelty.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एक हजार तेजस्वी घोड़े प्रकट हो गये

English

Knowing his firm wealth of conduct in the parrot, Shakra, pleased, quickly sprinkled the tree with nectar.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋचीक: प्रददौ प्रीत: शुल्कार्थ तपतां वर:

English

Then the tree gained fruit, leaves and lovely branches, and splendour, by the parrot's firm devotion.

हिन्दी अर्थ

छन्‍्दयामास चैवैनां वरेण वरवर्णिनीम्

English

And the parrot, by that deed done out of non-cruelty, at the end of his life, great king, reached Shakra's world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुन्दरी पत्नीको मनोवांछित वर देनेकी इच्छा प्रकट की

English

Even so, lord of men, one who relies on a devoted person gains the success of every aim, as the tree did by reaching the parrot.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रेमपूर्ण अनुरोध असफल नहीं होगा

English

attain to heaven or hell as the result of their own Karma. This evil has neither been of thy own creation, nor of Duryodhana's. Know this that these lords of Earth have all been slain (in this war) as a result of acts of Kalas.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षत्रवीर्य च सकल॑ चरौ तस्या निवेशितम्

English

[Bhishma said:] On this too they recite this ancient Itihasa, the conversation of Vasishtha and Brahma, Yudhishthira.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षत्रिय: सोडप्यथ तथा ब्रह्म॒वंशस्य कारक:

English

Long ago the blessed Vasishtha asked the grandfather, "Which is better, divine action or human action?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

तुम्हारे संशयका निवारण करूँगा

English

Then the lotus-born, god of gods, grandfather, O king, spoke sweet words adorned with meaning and reason:

हिन्दी अर्थ

समदुःखसुखं दृष्टवा विस्मित: पाकशासन:

English

"Nothing is born without a seed, nor fruit without a seed; from seed seed arises, and from seed alone fruit is remembered.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तिर्यग्योनावसम्भाव्यमानृशंस्यमवस्थित:

English

What seed a farmer sows, reaching a field, whether in good or bad, he gets fruit of that kind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पक्षीकी योनिमें प्रायः असम्भव है

English

As a field without seed, sown, is fruitless, so fate is not accomplished without human effort.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राणिनामपि सर्वेषां सर्व सर्वत्र दृश्यते

English

Human effort is the field, fate is called the seed; from the union of field and seed the crop flourishes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अवतीर्य महीं शक्रस्तं पक्षिणमुवाच ह

English

The doer himself enjoys the fruit of action; this is seen directly in the world, of what is done and not done.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अस्मद्बंशकर: श्रीमान् सत्यमेतद् ब्रवीमि ते

English

Vaisampayana said, "Having heard all this, the powerful and virtuous Yudhishthira became consoled in mind, and again enquired as follows."

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वंच सा चोपभुज्जीतं ततः पुत्राववाप्स्थथ:

English

produced by the intermediate act of raising the axe by some sentient agent, but that in the case of the burning of a forest, the fire is produced by the friction of the dry branches of trees without the intervention of any sentient agent.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुत्रि पूर्वोपपन्नाया: कुरुष्व वचनं मम

English

By austerity beauty and good fortune and various jewels are got; everything is got by action, not by fate for one who has not acted.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एनं प्रयच्छ महां त्वं मदीयं त्वं गृहाण च

English

So too heaven, enjoyment, and whatever goal is wished, all is attained here by action done by human effort.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वृक्षोंमें भी अदल-बदल कर लें”

English

The luminaries, gods, nagas, yakshas, moon, sun and winds all went from human state to divinity by human effort.

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यक्त भगवता चात्र कृतमेवं भविष्यति

English

Wealth, a circle of friends, lordship or high family, and Shri are hard to enjoy, likewise, by those who have done no deeds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कथं विशिष्टो भ्राता मे भवेदित्येव चिन्तय

English

A brahmana gains prosperity by purity, a kshatriya by valour, a vaishya by effort, a shudra by service.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अथ गर्भावनुप्राप्ते उभे ते वै युधिछ्िर

English

Wealth does not serve the non-giver, the impotent, the inactive, one not given to action, the unheroic, nor one without austerity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वस्तुओंका अदल-बदलकर उपयोग किया। फिर तो वे दोनों गर्भवती हो गयीं

English

He by whom the three worlds were made, the Daityas and all the gods, this blessed Vishnu practises austerity in the ocean.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उवाच तां सत्यवतीं दुर्मना भूगुसत्तम:

English

If there were no fruit of one's own action, everything would be fruitless; the world, relying on fate, would be indifferent, but it is not.

हिन्दी अर्थ

साच क्षत्रं विशिष्ट वै तत एतत् कृतं मया

English

One who, without doing human action, follows fate toils in vain, like a woman who has got an impotent husband.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मात् सा ब्राह्माणं श्रेष्ठ माता ते जनयिष्यति

English

In the human world there is not such fear in good and bad as in the world of the gods, where fear arises from little.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नहि ते तत् कृतं साधु मातृस्नेहेन भाविनि

English

Human effort once done, fate follows it; fate cannot give anything to anyone without action.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनोहर लताके समान मूर्च्छित होकर पृथ्वीपर गिर पड़ी

English

When abodes are seen to be impermanent even among the gods, how will fate stand or establish without action?

हिन्दी अर्थ

उवाच भार्या भर्तरें गाधेयी भार्गवर्षभम्

English

Gods in this world do not engage in anyone's affairs; they produce fierce attachment in fear of harm to themselves.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रसादं कुरु विप्रषें न मे स्यात् क्षत्रिय: सुत:

English

There is always quarrel between sages and gods; by whose word would there be no fate, from which fate proceeds?

हिन्दी अर्थ

नतु मे स्यात् सुतो ब्रद्मन्नेष मे दीयतां वर:

English

And how does it arise, how does fate proceed? So even in the world of the gods many deceits are met.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुझे यही वर दीजिये”

English

The self alone is the friend of the self, the self alone the enemy of the self; the self alone is witness of what is done and not done by the self.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः सा जनयामास जगदरग्निं सुतं शुभम्

English

Whatever is done or undone is accomplished in the deed done; in a well-done act a bad act does not reach its aim.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋषे: प्रसादाद् राजेन्द्र ब्रद्मर्षेब्रह्मयवादिनम्

English

The refuge of the gods is merit; everything is obtained by merits; having got a man of meritorious conduct, what will fate do?

हिन्दी अर्थ

उलूको यमदूतश्न तथर्षि: सैन्धवायन:

English

Long ago Yayati fell from heaven, was made to fall to earth, and was again raised to heaven by his daughters' sons of meritorious deeds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वादुलिमुसलश्नैव वक्षोग्रीवस्तथैव च

English

Pururavas the royal sage, long ago addressed by the twice-born, famed as Aila, the lord of the earth, reached heaven.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चक्रको मारुतन्तव्यो वातघ्नो5थाश्वलायन:

English

The lord of Kosala, honoured by horse sacrifices and others, Saudasa, became a man-eater by a great sage's curse.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कारीषिरथ संभश्रुत्य: परपौरवतन्तव:

English

Ashvatthama and Rama, sons of sages, bow-bearers, do not go to the world of heaven by good deeds done here.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथैव चोपगहनस्तथर्षिश्वासुरायण:

English

Vasu, having sacrificed with hundreds of sacrifices, like a second Vasava, went to the nether world by one false statement.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भूतिर्विभूति: सूतश्न सुरकृत् तु तथैव च

English

Bali, son of Virochana, was bound by the gods with the noose of dharma and, by Vishnu's effort, was made to lie in Patala.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नवतनन्‍्तुर्बकनख: सेयनो यतिरेव च

English

Janamejaya, going to the foot of Shakra's sacrifice, having killed twice-born women, what did fate do to prevent it?

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऊर्जयोनिरुदापेक्षी नारदी च महानृषि:

English

Vaishampayana, the brahmana sage, having killed a brahmana through ignorance, and touched by the killing of a child, what did fate prevent?

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतत् ते सर्वमाख्यातं तत्त्वेन भरतर्षभ

English

And the royal sage Nriga, for falsely giving cows to brahmanas at the great sacrifice long ago, became a lizard.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत्र तत्र च मां ब्रूहि च्छेत्तास्मि तव संशयम्

English

The royal sage Dhundhumara grew old in sacrificial sessions; leaving the gift of joy, he slept at Girivraja.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रोतुमिच्छामि धर्मज्ञ तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह

English

The kingdom of the Pandavas was taken by the mighty sons of Dhritarashtra and taken back again not by fate but by the strength of their arms.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चाहता हूँ; अत: कृपा करके मुझे उनके गुण ही बताइये

English

Do sages, joined with austerity and restraint, of sharp vows, cast curses by the strength of fate, not by action?

हिन्दी अर्थ

निकला और शिकारके लिये किसी मृगको खोजने लगा

English

One casts off sin in the world, having obtained everything very hard to get; fate does not save the man overcome by greed and delusion.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अविदूरे मृगान् दृष्टवा बाण: प्रतिसमाहित:

English

As fire, fanned by wind, though small becomes great, so fate joined with action grows well.

हिन्दी अर्थ

महान् वनतरुस्तत्र विद्धो मृगजिघांसया

English

As a lamp fades from the exhaustion of oil, so fate fades from the exhaustion of action.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इच्छासे छोड़े गये उस बाणने एक विशाल वृक्षको वेध दिया

English

Even having got a great flood of wealth, enjoyments or women, a man without action here cannot enjoy; and though wealth is well placed and guarded by gods, the good, by action, rely on it even at loss.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उत्सृज्य फलपत्राणि पादप: शोषमागत:

English

The world of the gods is more distinguished than the world of men; the houses of men are much more prosperous, while those of immortals are seen like a forest of the ancestors; and fate bears no fruit for a world without action.

हिन्दी अर्थ

फैल गया। उसके फल और पत्ते झड़ गये और धीरे-धीरे वह सूखने लगा

English

Fate removes no wrong path and has no lordship; as a done deed goes to the teacher, so fate goes to the chief deed; fate untouched and undiminished is led at will by stored human effort here and there.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न जहाति शुको वासं तस्य भक्‍त्या वनस्पते:

English

All this has been told to you by me, best of sages, always seeing in truth the fruit of human effort.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृतज्ञ: सह वृक्षेण धर्मात्मा सो5प्यशुष्यत

English

By rising up, by action begun, by rule and by action, one would gain the path to heaven."

हिन्दी अर्थ

पृच्छे त्वां शुकमेनं त्वं कस्मान्न त्यजसि द्रुमम्

English

" Yudhishthira said, 'O grandsire, O wisest of men, O thou that art learned in all the scriptures, I have listened to this great story, O foremost of intelligent men. I am desirous of again hearing the recital of some history full of religious instruction, and it behoves thee to gratify me. O lord of Earth, tell me if any householder has ever succeeded in conquering Mrityu by the practice of virtue. Do thou recite this to me with all details!'

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुदीर्घमतिनि:श्वस्य दीनो वाक्यमुवाच ह

English

[Bhishma said:] Hear, Yudhishthira, the secret of the sages: by what goal is gained that is long wished in the next life.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुकस्य दृढ्भत्तित्वात् श्रीमत्तां प्राप स द्रुम:

English

With whatever body a man does whatever deed, with that body he enjoys the fruit of it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दृढ़भक्तिके कारण वह वृक्ष पूर्ववत् श्रीसम्पन्न हो गया

English

In whatever state one does good or bad, in that state he enjoys it, birth after birth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आयुषोन्‍्ते महाराज प्राप शक्रसलोकताम्

English

Deeds done are never lost here by the five senses; they are always his witnesses, and the sixth is the self.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इन्द्रलोकको प्राप्त हुआ

English

One may give the eye, give the mind, give kind speech, follow and attend: that is a sacrifice with five fees.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वार्थसिद्धि लभते शुकं प्राप्य यथा द्रुम:

English

One who gives untroubled food to a weary traveller not seen before has great fruit of merit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हैवे पुरुषकारे च किंस्वित् श्रेष्ठतरं भवेत्

English

For those lying on bare ground there are houses and beds, for the one clad in bark and rags garments and ornaments,

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राचीन इतिहासका उदाहण दिया जाता है

English

vehicles, seats and carriages for the ascetic, self-yoked; for one lying near the fires, human rulership is said.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तुमसे पूछता हूँ कि अब इस वृक्षको क्‍यों नहीं छोड़ देते हो?”

English

"Bhishma said, 'This ancient history is recited as an illustration of the subject of the conquest by a householder, over Mrityu, through the practice of virtue. The Prajapati Manu had a son, O king, of the name of the Ikshwaku. Of that king, illustrious as Surya, were born a hundred sons. His tenth son, O Bharata, was named Dasaswa, and this virtuous prince of infallible prowess became the king of Mahismati. Dasaswa's son, O king, was a righteous prince whose mind was constantly devoted to the practice of truth and charity and devotion. He was known by the name of Madiraswa and ruled over the Earth as her lord. He was constantly devoted to the study of the Vedas as also of the science of arms. Madiraswa's son was the king named Dyutimat who possessed great good fortune and power and strength and energy. Dyutimat's son was the highly devout and pious king who was famous in all the worlds under the name of Suvira. His soul was intent on religion and he possessed wealth like another Indra, the lord of the deities. Suvira too had a son who was invincible in battle, and who was the best of all warriors and known by the name of Sudurjaya. And Durjya too, possessed of a body like that of Indra, had a son who beamed with splendour like that of fire. He was the great monarch named Duryodhana who was one of the foremost of royal sages. Indra used to pour rain profusely in the kingdom of this monarch, who never fled from the battlefield and was possessed of valour like unto Indra himself. The cities and the kingdom of this king were filled with riches and gems and cattle and grain of various kinds. There was no miser in his kingdom nor any person afflicted with distress or poverty. Nor was there in his kingdom any person that was weak in body or afflicted with disease. That king was very clever, smooth in speech, without envy, a

हिन्दी अर्थ

अहो विज्ञानमित्येवं मनसा पूजितस्तत:ः

English

master of his passions, of a righteous soul, full of compassion, endued with prowess, and not given to boasting. He performed sacrifices, and was self-restrained and intelligent, devoted to Brahmanas and Truth. He never humiliated others, and was charitable, and learned in the Vedas and the Vedanta. The celestial river Narmada, auspicious and sacred and of cool waters, in her own nature, O Bharata, courted him. He begot upon that river, a lotus-eyed daughter, by name Sudarsana, who was, O king, endued with great beauty. No creature, O Yudhisthira, had ever been born before among womankind, that was, possessed of such beauty as that excellent damsel who was the daughter of Duryodhana. The god Agni himself courted the beautiful princess Sudarsana, and taking the shape of a Brahmana, O monarch, sought her hand from the king. The king was unwilling to give his daughter in marriage to the Brahmana

हिन्दी अर्थ

है!” ऐसा कहकर उन्होंने मनसे ही उसका आदर किया

English

One should give foot-water, a seat, a lamp, food and shelter for the honouring of a guest: that is a sacrifice with five fees.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विजानन्नपि तां प्रीतिं पप्रच्छ बलसूदन:

English

For one who practises hero's posture, hero's bed and hero's station, his worlds are imperishable and go with every desire.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुभकर्म करनेवाले उस परम धर्मात्मा शुकसे पूछा--

English

One may gain wealth by giving, authority by silence, enjoyments by austerity, and life by celibacy, lord of men.

हिन्दी अर्थ

किमर्थ सेवसे वृक्ष यदा महदिदं वनम्

English

Beauty, lordship, health and non-violence are the fruit; for eaters of fruit and roots, kingship; and for eaters of leaves, heaven.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सेवन किसलिये करते हो?

English

By fasting unto death, kingship and happiness everywhere are said; by truth one gains heaven; by initiation, an excellent family.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुभा: पर्याप्तसंचारा विद्यन्तेडस्मिन् महावने

English

Rich in cows by the vegetable initiation, going to heaven by eating grass, a woman who bathes three times and drinks air would gain a sacrifice.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हैं, जो सुन्दर हैं तथा जिनपर पक्षियोंके संचारके लिये योग्य पर्याप्त स्थान हैं

English

One who lives on water, a twice-born always with fire, purified, kingship for one who undertakes the desert, the vault of heaven for the fasting.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विमृश्य प्रज्ञया धीर जहीम॑ स्थविरं द्रुमम्

English

Fasting, initiation and consecration, O king, done for twelve years, is distinguished from hero's station.

हिन्दी अर्थ

खींचकर दीनभावसे यह बात कही--

English

Having studied all the Vedas one is freed at once from sorrow; moving in mental dharma one would gain the world of heaven.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यत्राभवत् तव प्रश्नस्तन्निबोध सुराधिप

English

The thirst that is hard for the evil-minded to leave, that does not age as one ages, that is the disease ending in death: to one who leaves it, there is happiness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आनृशंस्याभियुक्तस्य भक्तस्यानन्यगस्य च

English

As among thousands of cows the calf finds its mother, so deeds done before follow the doer.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सद्भावनाको व्यर्थ बनानेकी चेष्टा क्यों करते हैं?”

English

As flowers and fruits, unurged, do not pass their own season, so a deed done earlier.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनुक्रोशश्व साधूनां सदा प्रीति प्रयच्छति

English

As one ages, hair ages, teeth age, eye and ear age, but thirst alone does not age.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शक्तिहीन हो गया तब इसे छोड़कर चल दूँ--यह कैसे हो सकता है?”

English

By what one pleases the father, by that Prajapati is pleased; by what one pleases the mother, by that earth is honoured; by what one pleases the teacher, by that Brahman is honoured.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुककी दयालुतासे संतुष्ट हो उससे कहा--

English

All duties are honoured by him by whom these three are honoured; for him by whom these are not honoured, all rites are fruitless.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आनुृ्शंस्यपरो नित्यं तस्य वृक्षस्य सम्भवम्

English

[Vaishampayana said:] Hearing Bhishma's words, the bulls of the Kurus were astonished and became glad in mind and full of joy.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पहलेकी ही भाँति हरा-भरा हो जाय”

English

What is fruitless when applied in a mantra, what is fruitless when Soma is pressed, what is fruitless when poured in the fire, all that is fruitless when said.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उन्होंने तुरंत ही उस वृक्षको अमृतसे सींच दिया

English

This is what was said by the sage; I have told it, lord; in the gaining of the fruit of good and bad, what more do you wish to hear?

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरा वसिष्ठो भगवान् पितामहमपृच्छत

English

who was poor and not of the same rank with himself. Thereupon Agni vanished from his great sacrifice. The king, grieved at heart, then addressed the Brahmanas, saying,— Of what sin have I, ye excellent Brahmanas, or you, been guilty, that Agni should disappear from this sacrifice, even as good done unto wicked men disappears from their estimation. Great, indeed, must that sin of ours be for which Agni has thus disappeared. Either must the sin be yours, or, it must be mine. Do you fully investigate the matter.— Then hearing the king's words, O foremost prince of Bharata's race, the Brahmanas, restraining speech, sought with concentrated faculties the protection of the god of fire. The divine carrier of oblations, resplendent as the autumnal Sun, appeared before them, enveloping his self in glorious refulgence. The high-souled Agni then addressed those excellent Brahmanas, saying,— I seek the daughter of Duryodhana for my own self. At this all those Brahmanas were struck with wonder, and rising on the morrow, they related to the king what had been said by the fire-god. The wise monarch, hearing the words of those utterers of Brahma, was delighted at heart, and said,— Be it so.— The king craved a boon of the illustrious fire-god as the marriage dower,— Do thou, O Agni, deign to remain always with us here.— Be it so— said the divine Agni to that lord of Earth. For this reason Agni has always been present in the kingdom of Mahismati to this day, and was seen by Sahadeva in course of his conquering expedition to the south. Then the king gave his daughter, dressed in new garments and decked with jewels, to the high-souled deity, and Agni too accepted, according to Vedic rites, the princess Sudarsana as his bride, even as he accepts libations of clarified butter at sacrifices, Agni was well pleased with her appearance, her beauty, grace, character, and nobility of birth, and was minded to beget offspring upon her. And a son by Agni, of the name of Sudarsana, was soon born of her. Sudarsana also was, in appearance, as beautiful as the full moon, and even in his childhood he attained to a knowledge of the supreme and everlasting Brahma. There was also a king of the name of Oghavat, who was the grandfather of Nriga. He had a daughter of the name of Oghavati, and a son too of the name of Ogharatha born unto him. King Oghavat gave his daughter Oghavati,

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वत्र ही फल देता है। बिना किये हुए कर्मका फल कहीं नहीं भोगा जाता

English

[Yudhishthira said:] Even in the highest distress, in what does your mind dwell, in the whole world of men, here and hereafter?

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाकर्मशीलं नाशूरं तथा नैवातपस्विनम्

English

[Bhishma said:] I envy the twice-born, whose wealth is the supreme Brahman, whose conviction is heaven, whose means are austerity and study.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स एष भगवान् विष्णु: समुद्रे तप्पते तप:

English

I envy those whose elders and children bear the burden of their fathers and grandfathers and do not sink.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विष्णु समुद्रमें रहकर तपस्या करते हैं

English

I envy those who are trained in the sciences, self-controlled, sweet-spoken, endowed with learning and conduct, and always knowers of syllables, the good,

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोको हैवं समालक्ष्य उदासीनो भवेन्ननु

English

whose speeches in assemblies, like flocks of swans, of auspicious form, lovely, with voices like divine thunder-clouds,

हिन्दी अर्थ

भाग्यको ही देखते हुए कर्म करनेसे उदासीन हो जायेँ

English

rightly pronounced, are heard, Yudhishthira, bringing happiness here and hereafter to the king who listens.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वृथा श्राम्यति सम्प्राप्प पतिं क्लीबमिवाड़्ना

English

And those who are their listeners, always honoured in the assembly, joined with the qualities of realisation, I envy them too.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा त्रिदशलोके हि भयमल्पेन जायते

English

And those who, restrained, always give brahmanas well-prepared, pure and good food to satisfy them, Yudhishthira, I envy them too, king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

और पुरुषार्थमें कौन श्रेष्ठ है?

English

beautiful as a goddess, to the learned Sudarsana for wife. Sudarsana, O king, leading the life of a householder with Oghavati, used to dwell in Kurukshetra with her. This intelligent prince of blazing energy took the vow, O lord, of conquering Death by leading the life of even a householder. The son of Agni, O king, said to Oghavati,— Do thou never act contrary to (the wishes of) those that seek our hospitality. Thou shouldst make no scruple about the means by which guests are to be welcomed, even if thou have to offer thy own person. O beautiful one, this vow is always present in the mind, since for householders, there is no higher virtue than hospitality accorded to guests. Do thou always bear this in mind without ever doubting it, if my words be any authority with thee. O sinless and blessed one, if thou hast any faith in me, do thou never disregard a guest whether I be at thy side or at a distance from thee! Unto him, with hands clasped and placed on her head, Oghavati replied, saying,— 'I shall leave nothing undone of what thou commandest me.— Then Mrityu, O king, desiring to over-reach Sudarsana, began to watch him for finding out his lathes. On a certain occasion, when the son of Agni went out to fetch firewood from the forest, a graceful Brahmana sought the hospitality of Oghavati with these words:— O beautiful lady, if thou hast any faith in the virtue of hospitality as prescribed for householders, then I would request thee to extend the rites of hospitality to me to-day.— The princess of great fame, thus addressed by that Brahmana, O king, welcomed him according to the rites prescribed in the Vedas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उवाच मधुरं वाक्यमर्थवद्धेतुभूषितम्

English

I should be blessed if I were again even a brahmana, gentle one, born in a family whose course is dharma, whose end is austerity and learning.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बीजादू बीज॑ प्रभवति बीजादेव फलं स्मृतम्

English

No one in this world is dearer to me than you, Pandava; and brahmanas are dearer to me than you, bull of the Bharatas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रकट होता है और बीजसे ही फलकी उत्पत्ति मानी जाती है

English

As brahmins are dearer to me than you, lifter of the Kurus, by that truth may I go to the worlds where Shantanu is.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुकृते दुष्कृते वापि तादृश॑ लभते फलम्

English

Neither my father nor my father's father, nor other kinsmen, were dearer to me than brahmanas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रकार पुण्य या पाप--जैसा कर्म किया जाता है वैसा ही फल मिलता है

English

I know of no wrong of mine toward brahmanas here, small or large, known to the good by their deeds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा पुरुषकारेण विना हैवं न सिध्यति

English

By whatever I have done toward brahmanas, in deed, thought or word, scorcher of foes, I am not tormented today.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षेत्रत्रीणसमायोगात् ततः सस्यं समृद्ध्यते

English

They call me friend of brahmanas, and I am pleased by that speech; this is held to be the highest of all purifiers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संसारमें प्रत्यक्ष दिखायी देती है

English

I see the spotless, pure worlds that brahmanas go to; to them I must go, soon and for long.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृतं फलति सर्वत्र नाकृतं भुज्यते क्वचित्

English

As the husband is the refuge and dharma of women in the world, Yudhishthira, he is god, he is the goal and no other, so for a kshatriya are the twice-born.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अकृती लभते भ्रष्ट: क्षते क्षारावसेचनम्

English

A hundred-year-old kshatriya and a ten-year-old brahmana are to be known as father and son; of them the brahmana is father.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सम्मानसे भ्रष्ट होकर घावपर नमक छिड़कनेके समान असहा दुःख भोगता है

English

A woman in the husband's absence takes the brother-in-law as husband; the earth, in lack of a brahmana, takes a kshatriya as husband.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राप्पते कर्मणा सर्व न हैवादकृतात्मना

English

Therefore brahmanas are to be protected like sons, served like teachers, and tended like fire, best of the Kurus.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्व पुरुषकारेण कृतेनेहोपलभ्यते

English

The straight, the good, truthful, delighting in the good of all beings: one should always attend upon such twice-born, even when angry like venomous snakes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनुष्यलोकसे देवलोकको गये हैं

English

One should always fear the splendour and the austerity, Yudhishthira; both, splendour and austerity, should be given up.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रीक्षापि दुर्लभा भोक्तुं तथैवाकृतकर्मभि:

English

The effort of both of them is quick: angry ascetic brahmanas, great king, would kill.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपभोग नहीं कर सकते

English

More will be given in both if from a brahmana without anger; one should make the remainder from both, and not leave the remainder of what is given.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वैश्य: पुरुषकारेण शूद्र: शुश्रूषया श्रियम्

English

As a herdsman with staff in hand is always steady among cows, so a kshatriya should protect brahmanas and Brahman.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सम्पत्ति पाता है

English

Protect brahmanas of Brahman's splendour like sons, and look in their homes to see whether there is livelihood here.

हिन्दी अर्थ

किसीको कुछ नहीं दे सकता

English

Having offered him a seat, and water to wash his feet, she enquired, saying,— What is thy business? What can I offer thee? The Brahmana said unto her,— My business is with thy person, O blessed one. Do thou act accordingly without any hesitation in thy mind. If the duties prescribed for householders be acceptable to thee, do thou, O princess, gratify me by offering up thy person to me.— Though tempted by the princess with offers of diverse other things, the Brahmana, however, did not ask for any other gift than the offer of her own person. Seeing him resolved, that lady, remembering the directions which had before been given to her by her husband, but overcome with shame, said, to that excellent Brahmana,— Be it so.— Remembering the words of her husband who was desirous of acquiring the virtue of householders, she cheerfully approached the regenerate Rishi. Meanwhile, the son of Agni, having collected his firewood, returned to his home. Mrityu, with his fierce and inexorable nature, was constantly by his side, even, as one attends upon one's devoted friend. When the son of Pavaka returned to his own hermitage, he called Oghavati by name, and (receiving no answer) repeatedly, exclaimed,— Whether art thou gone?— But the chaste lady, devoted to her husband, being then locked in the arms of that Brahmana, gave no reply to her husband. Indeed, that chaste woman, considering herself contaminated became speechless, overcome with shame. Sudarsana, addressing her again, exclaimed,— Where can my chaste wife be? Whither has she gone? Nothing can be of greater moment to me than this (her disappearance). Why does not that simple and truthful lady,

हिन्दी अर्थ

मिथ्याभिधानेनैकेन रसातलतलं गत:

English

[Yudhishthira said:] Tell me this in truth, best of upholders of dharma: the dharma of the wicked men who, having promised, do not give.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरा नृगश्न राजर्षि: कूकलासत्वमागत:

English

[Bhishma said:] He who, having promised, does not give, little or much, all his hopes are destroyed, like the fruit of a childless man.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुन: प्रत्याह्दतं चैव न हैवाद् भुजसंश्रयात्

English

In the night in which a sinner is born, and the night in which he dies, between these whatever good he did, Bharata, and whatever he offered, all of it is destroyed for him.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कि ते हैवबलात् शापमुत्सृजन्ते न कर्मणा

English

On this, people who know the law books say these words; hearing them, best of Bharatas, with highest-applied understanding.

हिन्दी अर्थ

किसीको शाप देते हैं, पुरुषार्थके बलसे नहीं?

English

People who know the law books also recite this: he is freed by a thousand dark-eared horses.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोभमोहसमापन्नं न हैवं त्रायते नरम्

English

On this they recite this ancient Itihasa, the conversation of a jackal and a monkey, Bharata.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा कर्मसमायुक्त हैवं साधु विवर्धते

English

They were friends once in the human state, scorcher of foes, and were born into other wombs, a jackal and a monkey.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरुषार्थका सहारा पाकर हैवका बल विशेष बढ़ जाता है

English

Then, to the jackal eating corpses in the middle of a cremation ground, the monkey, looking and remembering their former birth, said:

हिन्दी अर्थ

कथं कर्म विना हैवं स्थास्यति स्थापयिष्यति

English

devoted to her husband, alas, answer to my call today as she used to do before with sweet smiles? Then that Brahmana, who was within the hut, thus replied to Sudarsana,— Do thou learn, O son of Pavaka, that a Brahmana guest has arrived, and though tempted by this thy wife with diverse other offers of welcome, I have, O best of Brahmanas, desired only her person, and this fair-faced lady is engaged in welcoming me with due rites. Thou art at liberty to do whatever thou thinkest to be suitable to this occasion. Mrityu, armed with the iron club, pursued the Rishi at that moment, desirous of compassing the destruction of one that would, he thought, deviate from his promise. Sudarsana was struck with wonder, but casting off all jealousy and anger by look, word, deed, or thought, said,— Do thou enjoy thyself, O Brahmana. It is a great pleasure to me. A householder obtain the highest merit by honouring a guest. It is said by the learned that, as regards the householder, there is no higher merit than what results unto him from a guest departing from his house after having been duly honoured by him. My life, my wife, and whatever other worldly possessions I have, are all dedicated to the use of my guests. Even this is the vow that I have taken. As I have truly made this statement, by that truth, O Brahmana, I shall attain to the knowledge of Self. O foremost of virtuous men, the five elements, viz., fire, air, earth, water, and sky, and the mind, the intellect and the Soul, and time and space and the ten organs of sense, are all present in the bodies of men, and always witness the good and evil deeds that men do. This truth has today been uttered by me, and let the gods bless me for it or destroy me if I have spoken falsely. At this, O Bharata, there arose in all directions, in repeated echoes, a voice, crying,— This is true, this is not false. Then that Brahmana came out of the hovel, and like the wind rising and encompassing both Earth and sky, and making the three worlds echo with Vedic sounds, and calling that virtuous man by name, and congratulating him said,— O sinless one, I am Dharma; All glory to thee. I came here, O truth-loving one, to try thee, and I am well pleased with thee by knowing thee to be virtuous. Thou hast subdued and conquered Mrityu who always has pursued thee, seeking thy laches? O best of men, no one in the three worlds has the

हिन्दी अर्थ

कैसे स्थिर रहेगा और कैसे वह दूसरोंको स्थिर रख सकेगा

English

Thus addressed, the jackal replied to the monkey: "Having promised a brahmana, I did not fulfil it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यासडूं जनयन्त्युग्रमात्माभिभवशड्कया

English

For that I have fallen into a sinful womb, monkey; therefore, hungry, I eat food of this kind."

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्ममें विघ्न उपस्थित हो जाय)

English

This I heard, king, said by a brahmana, a knower of dharma, telling an ancient holy story.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं त्रिदशलोकेपि प्राप्यन्ते बहवो गुणा:

English

I heard it also further from Krishna, lord of men, Pandava, telling a story to a brahmana before.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आत्मैव हात्मन: साक्षी कृतस्याप्यकृतस्य च

English

Thus brahmanas always instruct me: what has been promised should be given; brahmanas should not be made to hope in vain.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुण्यशील नर प्राप्य कि हैवं प्रकरिष्यति

English

A brahmana, by hope formerly aroused, lord of the earth, is remembered as like a fire well kindled and blazing.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पाकर हैव क्‍या करेगा?

English

Whom he looks upon in anger, because of hope earlier aroused, he burns, king, like fire consuming dry grass.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुनरारोपित: स्वर्ग दौहित्रै: पुण्यकर्मभि:

English

And when he is pleased, he welcomes with a word, and becomes like an antidote in his domain, Bharata.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऐल इत्यभिविख्यात: स्वर्ग प्राप्तो महीपति:

English

Sons, grandsons, animals, kinsmen, ministers, the city and the country flourish as if by a desired act of peace.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भाषणके दोषसे रसातलको चले गये

English

This is seen as the highest splendour of a brahmana here, like the thousand-rayed sun on the surface of the earth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरुषार्थसे वे पातालवासी बना दिये गये

English

Therefore, Yudhishthira, what has been promised must be given here, if one wishes to attain a good birth, best of Bharatas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रस्थित हुए, उस समय हैवने उसे आकर क्‍यों नहीं रोका

English

By a gift to a brahmana certainly the unsurpassed heaven can be attained, especially; for giving is a great act.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वैशम्पायनविप्रर्षि: कि हैवेन न वारित:

English

From gifts here gods and ancestors live; therefore food should be given to brahmanas by one who knows.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गये थे तो भी हैवने उन्हें स्वर्ग जानेसे क्‍यों नहीं रोका

English

A brahmana is called a great sacred ford, best of Bharatas; at no time should a brahmana go away unhonoured.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा कर्मक्षयाद् हैवं प्रहासमुपगच्छति

English

ability to insult, even with looks, this chaste lady devoted to her husband, far less to touch her person. She has been protected from defilement by thy virtue and by her own chastity. There can be nothing contrary to what this proud lady will say. This utterer of Brahma, endued with austere penances, shall, for the salvation of the world, be metamorphosed into a mighty river. And thou shalt attain to all the worlds in this thy body, and as truly as the science of Yoga is within her control, this highly blessed lady will follow thee with only half of her corporeal self, and with the other half will she be celebrated as the river Oghavati! And thou shalt attain with her to all the worlds that acquired through penances, Those eternal and everlasting worlds from which none cometh back will be attained by thee even in this gross body of thine. Thou hast conquered Death, and attained to the highest of all felicities, and by thy own

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनुष्यको जैसी चिर अभिलषित गति मिलती है, उसका भी वर्णन करता हूँ

English

[Yudhishthira said:] I wish this explained in truth, grandfather; the course of dharma is subtle, where men are bewildered.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राप्ति होती है

English

[Bhishma said:] On this I shall tell you, hear, king, as I heard long ago from sages speaking.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गवाढ्य: शाकदीक्षायां स्वर्गगामी तृणाशन:

English

Instruction should not be given to a man of low birth; in instruction a great fault is said of the teacher.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आसन प्रहृष्टमनस: प्रीतिमन्तो5भवंस्तदा

English

Here is an illustration, king; hear it from me, bull of the Bharatas, for ill-spoken words, as before, Yudhishthira, what happened in a Brahman hermitage on the lovely side of the Himalaya.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मड्ल्यरूपा रुचिरा दिव्यजीमूतनि:स्वना:

English

There was a holy hermitage, with groups of various trees, thick with shrubs and creepers, frequented by deer and birds,

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रभावसे मैं उन्हीं पुण्यलोकोंमें जाऊँगा जहाँ मेरे पिता महाराज शान्तनु गये हैं

English

resounding with Siddhas and Charanas, lovely, with flowering groves, crowded with many vow-keepers and adorned with ascetics,

हिन्दी अर्थ

अणु वा यदि वा स्थूलं विद्यते साधुकर्मसु

English

and by greatly fortunate brahmanas shining like the sun, rich in rules and vows, full of ascetics, initiated, bull of the Bharatas, restrained in food and self-possessed,

हिन्दी अर्थ

यन्मे कृतं ब्राह्मुणेभ्यस्तेनाद्य न तपाम्यहम्

English

resounding with the sound of Vedic study, and served by many Valakhilyas and ascetics.

हिन्दी अर्थ

हैव भी नष्ट हो जाता है

English

(of mind), attaining to the speed of thought, thou hast risen above the power of the five elements! By thus adhering to the duties of a householder, thou hast conquered thy passions, desires, and anger, and this princess, O prince of virtuous men has, by serving thee, conquered affliction, desire, illusion, enmity and lassitude of mind!'

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरुष इह महात्मा प्राप्तुते नित्ययुक्त:

English

"Bhishma continued, 'Then the glorious Vasava (the lord of the gods), riding in a fine chariot drawn by a thousand white horses, approached that Brahmana. Death and Soul, all the worlds, all the elements, intellect, mind, time, and space as also desire and wrath, were all conquered. There-fore, O best of men, do thou bear this in mind, that to a householder there is no higher divinity than the guest. It is said by the learned that the blessings of an honoured guest are more efficacious than the merit of a hundred sacrifices. Whenever a deserving guest seeks the hospitality of a householder and is not honoured by him, he takes away (with him) all the virtues of the latter giving him his sins (in return). I have now recited to thee, my son, this excellent story as to how Death was conquered of old by a householder. The recital of this excellent story confers glory, fame, and longevity (upon those that listen to it). The man that seeks worldly prosperity should consider it as efficacious in removing all evil. And, O Bharata, the learned man that daily recites this story of the life of Sudarsana attains to the regions of the blessed.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

पितृवनभवनाभं दृश्यते चामराणाम्

English

Then a thought of austerity arose in him, bull of the Bharatas; he said to the head of the hermitage, clasping his feet, Bharata:

हिन्दी अर्थ

दृष्टिमें वह श्मशानके ही तुल्य जान पड़ता है

English

"By your grace, bull of the twice-born, I wish to practise dharma; you ought to tell me, blessed one, and make me a renunciant."

हिन्दी अर्थ

फलं पुरुषकारस्य सदा संदृश्य तत्त्वतः

English

"I am of the lowest class, blessed one, a shudra by birth, good one; I wish to do service. Be gracious to me who have come to you."

हिन्दी अर्थ

विधिना कर्मणा चैव स्वर्गमार्गमवाप्लुयात्

English

[The head of the hermitage said:] "A shudra cannot live here relying on the mark; if you wish to stay, be devoted to service."

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्कर्मसे ही स्वर्गलोकका मार्ग पा सकता है

English

[Bhishma said:] Thus addressed by the sage, the shudra thought, O king: "What should I do here? My faith in dharma is great. It is understood; so be it; I shall do what pleases me."

हिन्दी अर्थ

फलानि महतां श्रेष्ठ प्रब्रूहि परिपृच्छत:

English

Going far from the hermitage, he made a hut, and there, having set up an altar, ground and shrines for the gods, he lived at ease in observance, bull of the Bharatas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्या हैं? यह पूछ रहा हूँ, अत: यही बताइये

English

He did ablutions and observances at the shrines of the gods, made offerings and oblations, and worshipped the deity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

या गति: प्राप्यते येन प्रेत्यभावे चिरेप्सिता

English

Joined with resolve and observance, eating fruit, with senses mastered, always with herbs and fruits at hand,

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेन तेन शरीरेण तत् तत् फलमुपाश्चुते

English

he honoured guests who came, as was right; thus a very long time passed for him.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उस-उस कर्मका फल भोगता है

English

Then a sage came to that hermitage by chance, and he duly pleased the sage with a welcome.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्यां तस्यामवस्थायां भुड्धक्ते जन्मनि जन्मनि

English

Having made pleasant talk, the sage, of great splendour, righteous-souled and of restrained senses, asked him duly.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसी अवस्थामें वह उसका फल भोगता है

English

Thus many times, bull of the Bharatas, that sage went to the shudra's hermitage to see him.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ते हास्य साक्षिणो नित्यं पष्ठ आत्मा तथैव च

English

Then the shudra said to that ascetic, bull of the Bharatas: "I will do the rite for the ancestors; show me favour in it."

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रान्तायादृष्टपूर्वाय तस्य पुण्यफलं महत्

English

"Very well," said the brahmana to him, bull of the Bharatas; the shudra, being pure, brought the sage water for his feet.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुण्यफलकी प्राप्ति होती है

English

Then he brought kusha grass, forest herbs, a purifier, a seat and a mat of grass.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चीरवल्कलसंवीते वासांस्थाभरणानि च

English

Then, seeing the mat with its head to the south, wrongly made, the sage said to him:

हिन्दी अर्थ

आभूषणोंकी प्राप्ति होती है

English

"Make this with its head to the east and be pure, facing north." The shudra did all that the sage said.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अग्नीनुपशयानस्य राज्ञ: पौरुषमेव च

English

As instructed, the wise one did the kusha grass and the rest exactly; the whole rule of offerings to gods and ancestors was told by that ascetic.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आमिषप्रतिसंहारे पशून् पुत्रांश्व विन्दति

English

The sage in the rite for the ancestors, and the shudra standing on the path of dharma; when the rite for the ancestors was done, he was dismissed and went.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राप्ति होती है

English

Then after a long time that shudra ascetic, practising austerity in the forest, died, and by that merit was born, great king, in a royal line, of great radiance.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सततं चैकशायी य: स लभेतेप्सितां गतिम्

English

Likewise that sage, dear one, having reached the law of time, was born in a priest's family, a brahmana, bull of the Bharatas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दद्यादतिथिपूजार्थ स यज्ञ: पजचदक्षिण:

English

Thus those two, shudra and sage, were born there, and in order grew up, both skilled in the sciences.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लिये इन पाँच वस्तुओंका दान 'पंचदक्षिण यज्ञ” कहलाता है

English

In the Atharva Veda and the Veda the sage became well-established; in the practice of kalpa he was raised and he reached the highest in astrology; and their friendship, too, grew greatly.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अक्षयास्तस्य वै लोका: सर्वकामगमास्तथा

English

When the father had died, he, having done purification, Bharata, the prince, king, was consecrated by his subjects; with the consecrated one the sage was consecrated as priest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करानेवाले होते हैं

English

Making him priest, he lived happily, bull of the Bharatas, and ruled the kingdom by dharma, protecting his subjects.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपभोगांश्व तपसा ब्रद्मचर्येण जीवितम्

English

At the "auspicious day" blessings and again and again in rites of dharma, the king, seeing the priest, smiled and laughed; thus he mocked the priest many times, O king.

हिन्दी अर्थ

फलमूलाशिनो राज्यं स्वर्ग: पर्णाशिनां भवेत्

English

The priest, noticing the king often smiling and much praised, became angry.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मूल खानेवालेको राज्य और पत्ते चबाकर रहनेवालेको स्वर्गकी प्राप्ति होती है

English

Then in a lonely place the priest, meeting the king, delighted the king with agreeable talk.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वर्ग सत्येन लभते दीक्षया कुलमुत्तमम्

English

Then that priest said to the king, bull of the Bharatas: "I wish for one boon from you, greatly radiant one."

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृत्वा द्वादश वर्षाणि वीरस्थानाद् विशिष्यते

English

[The king said:] "I would give you a hundred boons, or why only one, best of the twice-born; out of affection and respect there is nothing I would not give you."

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोककी प्राप्ति होती है

English

[The priest said:] "I wish one boon, if you are pleased, lord of the earth; what you give, great king, say truly, not falsely."

हिन्दी अर्थ

योडसौ प्राणान्तिको रोगस्तां तृष्णां त्यजत: सुखम्

English

[Bhishma said:] "Very well," the king answered him, Yudhishthira, "if I know, I shall tell; not knowing, I do not speak."

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवं पूर्वकृतं कर्म कर्तारमनुगच्छति

English

[The priest said:] "At the auspicious day blessings always and again and again at rites of dharma, at peace rites and oblations always, why do you laugh looking at me?

हिन्दी अर्थ

किया हुआ कर्म भी कर्ताको पहचानकर उसका अनुसरण करता है

English

My mind is ashamed at your laughing; by my wish, king, you are adjured; you ought not to speak otherwise.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वकाल नातिवर्तन्ते तथा कर्म पुरा कृतम्

English

There must be a reason; your laughter cannot be causeless. My curiosity is very great; tell me in truth."

हिन्दी अर्थ

जीर्ण नहीं होती है (वह सदा नयी-नवेली बनी रहती है)

English

[The king said:] "Thus told by you, brahmana, even if it should not be told, it must surely be told; listen with one mind, twice-born."

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रीणाति मातरं येन पृथिवी तेन पूजिता

English

"Hear, best of the twice-born, what happened in my former body. I remember my birth, Brahmana; listen to me with attention.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनादूृतास्तु यस्यैते सर्वास्तस्याफला: क्रिया:

English

I was a shudra before, much devoted to austerity, and you then, best of the twice-born, were a sage of fierce austerity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत् सर्व भवति वृथाभिधीयमाने

English

Pleased then, Brahmana, with a mind to favour me, you gave me instruction in the rite for the ancestors, sinless one, on the mat, the kusha grass, and the offerings to gods and ancestors, best of sages.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुभाशुभफलप्राप्तौी किमत: श्रोतुमिच्छसि

English

By this fault of action you were born a priest; I a king, lord of brahmanas; see the turning of time. By instruction given for my sake you got this fruit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतन्मे सर्वमाचक्ष्व येभ्य: स्पृहयसे नूप

English

For this reason, Brahmana, I laugh at you, best of the twice-born; I do not despise you, Brahmana, I laugh; you are my teacher.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनुष्यलोके सर्वस्मिन् यदमुत्रेह चाप्युत

English

My anger arises from the reversal, and my mind is tormented by it. I remember my birth with you; therefore I laugh at you.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बतानेकी कृपा करें

English

Thus your fierce austerity was destroyed by giving instruction. Leaving the priesthood, strive again in the next life.

हिन्दी अर्थ

येषां स्वप्रत्यय: स्वर्गस्तप: स्वाध्यायसाधनम्

English

Do not get from here another lower womb, twice-born; take wealth, Brahmana; become pure in soul, good one."

हिन्दी अर्थ

है तथा वेदोंका स्वाध्याय करना ही श्रेष्ठ तप है, उन ब्राह्मणोंको मैं चाहता हूँ

English

[Bhishma said:] Then, dismissed by the king, the brahmana gave many gifts to brahmanas, wealth, land and villages everywhere.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उद्धहन्ति न सीदन्ति तेभ्यो वै स्पृहयाम्यहम्

English

Having performed the penances as prescribed, that best of the twice-born went to sacred fords and gave various gifts.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ही लोगोंको मैं चाहता हूँ

English

Having given cows to brahmanas, the brahmana became pure in soul; going to that same hermitage, he practised great austerity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रुतवृत्तोपपन्नानां सदाक्षरविदां सताम्

English

Then that brahmana, best of kings, reached supreme success, and became honoured among the dwellers of that hermitage.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुश्रूषमाणे नृपतौ प्रेत्य चेह सुखावहा:

English

Thus that sage, best of kings, met great hardship; therefore a brahmana should not speak to people of lower classes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विज्ञानगुणसम्पन्नास्ते भ्य श्ष स्पृहयाम्यहम्

English

A brahmana, O king, should always avoid giving instruction; the twice-born who gives instruction would meet hardship.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सभाओंमें सम्मानित होते हैं। मैं ऐसे श्रोताओंकी भी चाह रखता हूँ

English

A king should always seek by speech from the best of the twice-born; nothing should be told here to people of lower class.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ददत्यन्नानि तृप्त्यर्थ ब्राह्मणेभ्यो युधिष्ठिर

English

Brahmanas, kshatriyas and vaishyas are the three twice-born classes; telling among these, O king, a brahmana is not corrupted.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शव्यं होवाहवे योद्धं न दातुमनसूयितम्

English

Therefore the good should not tell anything to anyone in front; the course of dharma is subtle, hard to know for the unpractised.

हिन्दी अर्थ

येषां संख्यायमानानां दानशूरो विशिष्यते

English

Therefore sages honour silence and initiation; for fear of ill-spoken words, O king, they do not speak anything.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुले जातो धर्मगतिस्तपोविद्यापरायण:

English

The righteous, rich in qualities, devoted to truth and honesty, struck by ill-spoken speech, incur wrongdoing here.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वत्तश्नापि प्रियतरा ब्राह्मणा भरतर्षभ

English

Instruction should never be given by anyone to anyone, for from instruction a brahmana would incur that sin.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणोंको मैं तुमसे भी अधिक प्रिय मानता हूँ

English

Therefore, having considered, one wise and desiring dharma should speak; instruction made with truth and untruth injures.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेन सत्येन गच्छेयं लोकान् यत्र स शान्तनुः

English

When asked here, one should speak after deciding on the reversal; and that instruction should be given by which one would gain dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न मे पितु: पिता वापि ये चान्येडपि सुहृज्जना:

English

All this has been told to you: when instruction is given, great affliction comes; therefore one should never instruct anywhere."