Harivamsha Purana· Harivaṁśa Purāṇa
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अध्याय 9 / 119

Adhyaya 9

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अध्याय ९

श्लोक 1

मनोर् वैवस्वतस्यासन् पुत्रा वै नव तत्समाः इक्ष्वाकुश् चैव नाभागश् च धृष्णुः शर्यातिर् एव च

manor vaivasvatasyāsan putrā vai nava tatsamāḥ ikṣvākuś caiva nābhāgaś ca dhṛṣṇuḥ śaryātir eva ca

हिन्दी अर्थ

अर्थात् जिनके ये कार्य हैं, उनको तू सावधान होकर सुन। तात! स्वर्गमें स्थित पितृदेवता आदिदेव ब्रह्माजीके पुत्र हैं॥ ३९-४० ॥ देवता, असुर, मनुष्य, यक्ष, नाग, गन्धर्व, किन्नर और महासर्प आदि उनकी ही पूजा करते हैं॥४१॥ वे श्राद्धोंमें तृत किये जानेपर देवताओं और गन्धर्वोसहित जगत्को तृप्त करते हैं-यह वेद (अथवा ब्रह्माजी)-का अनुशासन है॥ ४२ ॥ महाभाग ! तू आलस्य- रहित होकर श्रेष्ठ श्राद्धोंद्रारा उन पितरोंका यजन कर, तब वे सब कामनाओंका फल देनेवाले पितर तेरा कल्याण करेंगे॥ ४३॥ भारत ! यदि तू नाम-गोत्र आदिका उच्चारण करके उनकी आराधना करेगा तो वे पितर हमें और हमारे स्वर्गीय पितरोंको भी तृप्त करेंगे॥ ४४॥ और बाकी सब बातोंको मार्कण्डेयजी तुझसे कहेंगे। भारत! वे पितृभक्त और आत्मज्ञानसे परिपूर्ण हैं॥४५॥ आज ये मेरे ऊपर अनुग्रह करनेके लिये ही श्राद्धमें आये हैं, अतः इन महाभाग्यवान् मार्कण्डेयजीसे ही तू इन प्रश्नोंको

English

Bhishma said:—"I have heard that the ancestral manes are the gods of the gods. Are they the gods or they are others to whom we offer our adoration (35)? How the _Pindas_ offered at Srāddhas propitiate the Pitris who have gone to the other world? What are the fruits of a Srāddha (36)? To whom the people, accompanied by the gods, Dānavas, Yākshas, Rākshasas, Gandharvas, Kinnaras and huge serpents, dedicate their offerings (37)? O you conversant with virtue, I consider you as omniscient—I have grave doubts in this and great is my curiosity—do you explain it to me." Hearing these words of Bhishma his father said (38).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 2

नरिष्यन्तस् तथा प्रांशूर् नाभानेदिष्ठसप्तमः करूषश् च पृषध्रश् च नवैते पुरुषर्षभ

nariṣyantas tathā prāṃśūr nābhānediṣṭhasaptamaḥ karūṣaś ca pṛṣadhraś ca navaite puruṣarṣabha

हिन्दी अर्थ

पूछ। इतना कहकर शन्तनुजी अन्तर्धान हो गये इति श्रीमहाभारते खिलभागे हरिवंशे हरिवंशपर्वणि श्राद्धकल्पप्रसड़ो नाम षोडशोउध्याय: इस प्रकार श्रीयहाभारत खिलभाग हरिव॑शके अन्तर्गत हरिवंशपर्वमें श्राद्धछल्पविषयक सोलहवाँ अध्याय पूरा हुआ अर्थात् “कर्मणा पितृलोको विद्यया देवलोक:' इस श्रुतिमें कहा है कि कर्मसे पितुलोक मिलता है और विद्यासे देवलोक। ब्रह्मलोकसे नीचेके लोक पितृलोक कहलाते हैं और देवलोक-पदसे ब्रह्मलोक समझा जाता है। क्रमश: पितृयान और देवयान दोनोंमें ले जानेवाले मार्ग हैं। स्वर्गलोकमें रहनेवाले देवताओंके लोकसे ऊपरके तीन लोकोंमें पितर रहते हैं। इससे उनकी भिन्नता सिद्ध होती है। साथ ही “देवा: पितर: पितरो देवता: ' इस प्रकार देवता और पितरोंका अभेद भी सुननेमें आता है। फिर मरे हुए पिता-पितामहादि

English

Shantanu said:—Hear, O sinless descendant of Bharata, I will describe in brief the origin of the Pitris and the fruits of Srāddhas. Do you hear with a concentrated mind the object of performing Srāddhas for the Pitris. The sons of the Prime Deity are known in heaven as Pitris (39–40). The gods, Asuras, men, Yakshas, Rakshasas, Gandharvas, Kinnaras and huge serpents, dedicate offerings to them (41). Propitiated by Srāddhas they please the world with the gods and the Gandharvas—such is the command of Brahmā (42). Therefore, "O great one, worship them with excellent Srāddhas. They grant all desired-for objects and they will encompass your well-being (43). When you will worship them by reciting their names and families, we also, O Bharata, will be welcomed by them in heaven (44). Markandeya will explain to you the remaining portion. O descendant of Bharata, this ascetic, devoted to his father and having a knowledge of atman, is present to-day at the Srāddha for extending his favour unto me. Ask him, O great one, about this." Saying this he disappeared (45–46).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 3

अकरोत् पुत्रकामस् तु मनुर् इष्टिं प्रजापतिः मित्रावरुणयोस् तात पूर्वम् एव विशां पते अनुत्पन्नेषु नवसु पुत्रेष्व् एतेषु भारत

akarot putrakāmas tu manur iṣṭiṃ prajāpatiḥ mitrāvaruṇayos tāta pūrvam eva viśāṃ pate anutpanneṣu navasu putreṣv eteṣu bhārata

हिन्दी अर्थ

भी पितर हैं। इस तरह तीन प्रकारके पितर होनेपर हम किनका पूजन करें ? पितृकल्प-- भीष्म-मार्कण्डेय-संवाद और मार्कण्डेयजीके साथ सनत्कुमारजीकी बातचीत स मामुवाच धर्मात्मा मार्कण्डेयो महातपा: । भीष्म वक्ष्यामि कारल्स्येंन श्रृणुष्व प्रयतोडनघ पितृभक्त्यैव लब्धं च प्राग्लोके परमं॑ यश:

English

²⁶ An oblation to deceased ancestors as a ball or lump of meat or rice mixed up with milk curds, flowers etc and offered to the manes at the several _Sraddhas_ by the nearest surviving

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 4

तस्यां तु वर्तमानायाम् इष्ट्यां भरतसत्तम मित्रावरुणयोर् अंशे मनुर् आहुतिम् आजुहोत्

tasyāṃ tu vartamānāyām iṣṭyāṃ bharatasattama mitrāvaruṇayor aṃśe manur āhutim ājuhot

हिन्दी अर्थ

सो5हं युगस्य॒पर्यन्ते बहुवर्षसहस्त्रिके। अधिरुह्म गिरिं मेरुं तपो5तप्यं सुदुश्चषरम् देवतं हासि देवानामिति मे वर्तते मतिः स मामुवाच धर्मात्मा स्मथमान इवानघ। न ते तपः सुचरितं येन मां नावबुध्यसे विद्धि मां ब्रह्मण: पुत्र मानस पूर्वजं विभो: ।

English

²⁷ One of the six _Vedangas_ and comprehending the description of religious rites. It is called _Kalpa Sutra_.

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 5

आहुत्यां हूयमानायां देवगन्धर्वमानुषाः ।तुष्टिं तु परमां जग्मुर् मुनयश् च तपोधनाः ।अहो ऽस्य तपसो वीर्यम् अहो श्रुतम् अहो धनम् ।तत्र दिव्याम्बरधरा दिव्याभरणभूषिता दिव्यसंहनना चैव इडा जज्ञ इति श्रुतिः

āhutyāṃ hūyamānāyāṃ devagandharvamānuṣāḥ | tuṣṭiṃ tu paramāṃ jagmur munayaś ca tapodhanāḥ | aho 'sya tapaso vīryam aho śrutam aho dhanam | tatra divyāmbaradharā divyābharaṇabhūṣitā divyasaṃhananā caiva iḍā jajña iti śrutiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

भीष्मजी कहते हैं--युधिष्टिर ! तब मैंने पिताजीके कथनानुसार एकाग्रचित्त हो मार्कण्डेयजीसे फिर वही प्रश्न पूछा, जिसके विषयमें पहले पिताजीसे जिज्ञासा की थी॥१॥ तब महातपस्वी धर्मात्मा मार्कण्डेयजी मुझसे कहने लगे--निष्पाप भीष्म! मैं तुझसे सब बात कहता हूँ, तू सावधान होकर सुन॥ २॥ प्राचीन कालमें मैंने पितृप्रसादसे ही दीर्घायु प्रात की थी और पितृ- भक्तिसे ही इस संसारमें बड़ा भारी यश पाया है एक समय मैं मेरुपर्वतके ऊपर जाकर अनेक सहसत्र वर्षो्में पूर्ण होनेवाले युगान्‍्त कालतक घोर तप करता रहा॥ ४॥ इसी बीच मैंने एक समय पर्वतके उत्तरकी ओरसे एक बड़े भारी विमानको आते हुए देखा, वह अपने तेजसे (सम्पूर्ण) आकाशको प्रकाशित कर रहा था॥ ५॥ उस विमानके सिंहासनपर मैंने चमकते हुए सूर्यके समान दीप्त तेजवाले तथा अग्रिमें स्थापित किये हुए अग्निके समान अद्जुष्ठमात्र पुरुषको लेटे हुए देखा।

English

Bhishma said:—Thereupon at the words (of my father) I put to Markandeya with attention the same question which I had put to my father before (1). The great and virtuous ascetic Markandeya too said to me:—"O sinless Bhishma, hear with attention, I will describe everything" (2).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 6

ताम् इडेत्य् एव होवाच मनुर् दण्डधरस् तदा अनुगच्छस्व मां भद्रे तम् इडा प्रत्युवाच ह

tām iḍety eva hovāca manur daṇḍadharas tadā anugacchasva māṃ bhadre tam iḍā pratyuvāca ha

हिन्दी अर्थ

मैंने उन विभुको सिर झुकाकर प्रणाम किया और विमानमें विराजमान उन दुर्धर्ष पुरुषकी पाद्य और अर्ध्यसे पूजाकर उनसे पूछा--विभो! हम आपको कैसे जानें कि आप कौन हैं ?7॥ ६--८॥ “नारायण! यद्यपि आपका यह स्वरूप नारायणके गुण शुद्ध सत्त्वसे निर्मित तथा तपके प्रभावसे प्रकट हुआ है, मेरा विचार है कि आप देवताओंके भी देवता हैं'॥९॥ “तब वे धर्मात्मा मुसकराकर कहने लगे--निष्पाप! तुमने (अभी) भली प्रकार तप नहीं किया है, इस कारण तुम मुझे पहचान न सके'॥ १०॥ ' क्षणभरमें ही उन्होंने दूसरे उत्तम स्वरूपको धारण कर लिया। ऐसे रूपवाला दूसरा कोई पुरुष मैंने पहले कभी नहीं देखा था' सनत्कुमारजी बोले---मुने ! तुम मुझे विभु ब्रह्माजीका ज्येष्ठ मानस पुत्र जानो। मैं उनके तपके प्रभावसे उत्पन्न हुआ हूँ और मेरा शरीर नारायणके गुण--शुद्ध सत्त्वसे भरा हुआ है

English

Markandeya said:—I have attained longevity by my father's favour. For my devotion to my father, I attained great fame in the world in the days of yore (3). At the termination of the cycle extending over many thousand years, I carried on hard penances on the mount Sumeru (4). Thereupon one day I espied a huge car coming from the north of the mountain and lighting the heaven with its lustre (5). Therein, a vehicle in the midst of fire, I saw a person measuring a thumb effulgent like fire or the Sun. Saluting that lord with my head touching the ground I worshipped him, lying in the vehicle, with _arghya_ and water for washing feet. I asked that unthought-of (person). "How can I know thee, O lord (6–8)? Methinks thou hast originated from ascetic energy endued with the qualities of Nārāyana. Thou art the god of gods" (9). O Sinless one, that virtuous-souled one as if surprisingly said to me: "You have not practised well hard penances, so you cannot recognize me (10)." Within a moment he assumed another most excellent form, the like of which I had not seen before (11). Sanatkumar said:—"Know me as the first mind-begotten son of the all-powerful Brahmā. From ascetic energy I have been born with the essential characteristics of Nārāyana (12). I am that Sanatkumar who had been celebrated in the Vedas in the days of yore. O Bhārgava, may good betide you and what desire of yours shall I fulfill (13)? The other seven irrepressible sons of Brahmā are my younger brothers. Their families have been established (on this earth) (14). They are Kretu, Vasishtha, Pulaha, Pulastya, Atri, Angira, and the learned Marichi—the gods and Gandharvas worship them also. Those ascetics, worshipped of the gods and Dānavas, are upholding the three worlds (15). I am leading the life of a _Yatin_.²⁸ Having controlled my ownself and my passions I was born, O great Muni, and I am still living so. Know me as an unmarried person. And therefore I have obtained the appellation of Sanatkumar (16–17). Out of devotion to me, you have been carrying on hard penances to behold me. Therefore I have come to you, tell me what desire of yours I can fulfill" (18). On his saying this and commanded by that all-powerful deity who was pleased with me, I replied to that eternal god, O descendant of Bharata (19), O sinless one, I then accosted the ever-existent (deity) regarding the origin of the Pitris and the fruits of Srāddhas (20). O Bhishma, that foremost of gods has removed all my doubts. After holding conversation for many years that virtuous-souled deity said to me:—"O Brāhmana saint, I have been pleased (with your question), hear from me all in due order (21). O descendant of Bhrigu, Brahmā created all the gods, thinking that they would dedicate offerings to him. But leading aside they began to perform sacrifices in expectation of fruits (22). Then imprecated by Brahmā, the inhabitants of heaven lost all sense and consciousness. They could not understand any thing and the entire world was bewildered (23). Then prostrating themselves before the Grand-Father (Brahmā) they again prayed to him for the behoof of the world. There upon he (Brahmā) said to them (14):—'You should undergo a penance for you have committed a transgression.²⁹ Do ye accost your sons and you will come by true knowledge (25)'. (Thereupon) for the purpose of going through a penance they, in great misery, asked their sons, who, self-controlled as they were, communicated to them (the truth) (26). 'Persons conversant with religious practices lay down penances for sins committed by words, deeds and thoughts and they daily perform them (27).' Then informed of the true import of _Prāyaschitta_ (penance) the gods regained their consciousness and were accosted by the sons, saying 'Go ye sons' (28). Thus cursed and reviled the gods, at the words of sons, approached the grand-father (Brahmā) to have their doubts³⁰ removed (29). The Deity (Brahmā) then said to them:—'Ye are all Brahmavādins.³¹ So what they have said will come to pass and it will not be otherwise (30). O gods, ye have given them the body and they have given ye the knowledge and are undoubtedly your fathers (31). Ye are gods and they are the Pitris and undoubtedly you are their fathers and they are yours'" (32).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 7

धर्मयुक्तमिदं वाक्यं पुत्रकामं प्रजापतिम् ।मित्रावरुणयोर् अंशे जातास्मि वदतां वर तयोः सकाशं यास्यामि न मां धर्मो हतो ऽहनत्

dharmayuktamidaṃ vākyaṃ putrakāmaṃ prajāpatim | mitrāvaruṇayor aṃśe jātāsmi vadatāṃ vara tayoḥ sakāśaṃ yāsyāmi na māṃ dharmo hato 'hanat

हिन्दी अर्थ

८८ श्रीमहाभारते खिलभागे हरिवंशे रा कालसे ही देवताओंमें जो सनत्कुमार प्रसिद्ध हैं, मैं वही हूँ। भार्गव! तुम्हारा कल्याण हो, मैं तुम्हारी किस कामनाको पूर्ण करूँ ?॥ १३ ॥ ब्रह्माजीके जो दूसरे पुत्र हैं, वे मेरे छोटे भाई हैं। वे मेरे सात भाई परम दुर्धर्ष हैं, उनके वंश प्रतिष्ठित हैं॥१४॥ (उनके नाम इस प्रकार हैं--) क्रतु, वसिष्ठ, पुलह, पुलस्त्य, अत्रि, अड्डिरा और बुद्धिमान् मरीचि--इन सबकी देवता और गन्धर्व सेवा करते हैं। ये देवता और गन्धर्वोंसे पृजित ऋषि तीनों लोकोंको (अपने तपसे) धारण किये हुए हैं

English

Thereupon the dwellers of heaven returned and said to the sons:—"Our doubts have been snapped by Brahmā and so we shall be loving towards each other (33). Since ye, being conversant with religious merit, have conferred upon us knowledge, you are our fathers. Tell us what do you seek and what boons may we confer upon you (34). What you have said will forsooth prove true and not be otherwise. Since you have addressed us as sons undoubtedly you will be our fathers (35). The Rakshasas, Dānavas and Nāgas will be entitled to the fruits of an action which a man will perform without propitiating the Pitris with the performance of Srāddhas³² (36). Being propitiated by Srāddhas the Pitris will propitiate the eternal. Moon. And being propitiated by you, they will continue flourishing every day (37). Being propitiated by Srāddha the Moon will afford delight to all the worlds consisting of oceans, mountains, forests and all creatures both mobile and immobile (38). The Pitris will always confer nourishment and progeny upon those men, who desirous of nourishment, will perform Srāddhas (39). Being propitiated with oblations afforded at Srāddhas, the Pitris with the Omnipresent Grand-Father will advance the prosperity of those who will offer three _Pindas_ uttering their names and _Gotras_ at the time of Srāddha (40). This order was formerly announced by Parameshthi Brahmā. Let his words prove true to-day, O gods, and we are now respectively fathers and

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 8

सैवम् उक्त्वा मनुं देवं मित्रावरुणयोर् इडा गत्वान्तिकं वरारोहा प्राञ्जलिर् वाक्यम् अब्रवीत् अंशे ऽस्मि युवयोर् जाता देवौ किं करवाणि वाम्

saivam uktvā manuṃ devaṃ mitrāvaruṇayor iḍā gatvāntikaṃ varārohā prāñjalir vākyam abravīt aṃśe 'smi yuvayor jātā devau kiṃ karavāṇi vām

हिन्दी अर्थ

आत्माको आत्मामें लीनकर प्रजा (उत्पन्न करने)-के धर्म और कामको दूर करके यतिधर्मका पालन करनेवाले हैं॥ १६॥ मैं जैसे उत्पन्न हुआ हूँ, वैसा ही कुमार हूँ। अर्थात् बालकके समान राग-द्वेष आदिसे शून्य हूँ; अतः तुम मुझे कुमार जानो। इसीलिये मेरा नाम सनत्कुमार प्रसिद्ध है॥ १७॥ तुमने मेरा दर्शन करनेकी अभिलाषासे भक्ति (श्रद्धा)-पूर्वक तपस्या की है, अतः मैं तुम्हारे सामने प्रकट हुआ हूँ। बताओ! अब मैं तुम्हारी किस इच्छाको पूर्ण करूँ ?॥ १८॥ भारत! वे सनातन कुमार सनत्कुमार जब इस प्रकार कह चुके और जब प्रसन्न होकर उन्होंने मुझे प्रश्न करनेकी आज्ञा दे दी, तब मैंने उनसे वार्तालाप किया था॥ १९॥ निष्पाप भीष्म! तब मैंने उन सनातन ऋषिसे पितरोंकी उत्पत्ति और श्राद्धके 'फल-सम्बन्धी विषयको लेकर ही प्रश्न किया। मेरे पूछनेपर उन देवेश्वरने मेरे संदेहको दूर कर दिया। बहुत कालसे आरम्भ की हुई कथाके अन्तमें उन धर्मात्माने

English

Sanatkumar said:—Those Pitris are the gods and the gods are the gods, and they are respectively each other's fathers (42).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 9

मनुना चाहम् उक्ता वै अनुगच्छस्वमाम् इति ।तां तथावादिनीं साध्वीम् इडां धर्मपरायणाम् मित्रश् च वरुणश् चोभाव् ऊचतुर् यन् निबोध तत्

manunā cāham uktā vai anugacchasvamām iti | tāṃ tathāvādinīṃ sādhvīm iḍāṃ dharmaparāyaṇām mitraś ca varuṇaś cobhāv ūcatur yan nibodha tat

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुझसे कहा-- विप्रषें ! मैं तुम्हारे प्रश्नसे संतुष्ट हूँ। तुम इन सब प्रश्नोंका उत्तर यथार्थ रीतिसे सुनो॥ २०-२१ ॥ भार्गव! उनकी रचना की, किंतु वे फलके लोभमें पड़कर ब्रह्माजीको छोड़ अपनी ही पूजामें लग गये--इन्द्रिय- तृप्तिके चक्करमें ही पड़ गये॥ २२॥ इसपर ब्रह्माजीने उन्हें शाप दे दिया, जिससे उन मोहग्रस्त देवताओंकी फिर तो उनका अनुसरण करनेवाला संसार भी मोहसमें पड़ गया सनत्कुमार इति यः श्रुतो देवेषु वै पुरा। सो5स्मि भार्गव भद्गं ते कं काम॑ करवाणि ते

English

²⁸ A sage whose passions are completely under subjection.

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 10

अनेन तव धर्मेण प्रश्रयेण दमेन च सत्येन चैव सुश्रोणि प्रीतौ स्वो वरवर्णिनि

anena tava dharmeṇa praśrayeṇa damena ca satyena caiva suśroṇi prītau svo varavarṇini

हिन्दी अर्थ

ये त्वन्ये ब्रह्मण:ः पुत्रा यवीयांसस्तु ते मम। मरीचिस्तु तथा धीमान् देवगन्धर्वसेविता: । त्रील्लोकान् धारयन्तीमान् देवगन्धर्वपूजिता: बयं तु यतिधर्माण: संयोज्यात्मानमात्मनि। प्रजाधर्म च काम॑ च व्यपहाय महामुने मद्धक्त्या ते तपश्चीर्ण मम दर्शनकाड्छ्षया एष दृष्टो5स्मि भवता कं काम करवाणि ते

English

²⁹ For the negligence of not worshipping the true object of

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 11

आवयोस् त्वं महाभागे ख्यातिं कन्येति यास्यसि मनोर् वंशकरः पुत्रस् त्वम् एव च भविष्यसि

āvayos tvaṃ mahābhāge khyātiṃ kanyeti yāsyasi manor vaṃśakaraḥ putras tvam eva ca bhaviṣyasi

हिन्दी अर्थ

चिच्छेद संशयं भीष्म स तु देवेश्वरो मम। स मामुवाच धर्मात्मा कथान्ते बहुवार्षिके। रमे त्वयाहं विप्रें श्रुणु सर्व यथातथम् देवानसूजत ब्रह्मा मां यक्ष्यन्तीति भार्गव। तमुत्सूज्य तथात्मानमयजंस्ते फलार्थिन: ते शप्ता ब्रह्मणा मूढा नष्टसंज्ञा दिवौकस: । न सम किंचिद् विजानन्ति ततो लोको5प्यमुहात सनत् अर्थात् निरन्तर कुमारके समान राग-द्वेष आदिसे शून्य--यह सनत्कुमार शब्दका अर्थ है।

English

³⁰ The doubt, referred to, is why they were addressed by their sons,

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 12

सुद्युम्न इति विख्यातस् त्रिषु लोकेषु शोभने जगत्प्रियो धर्मशीलो मनोर् वंशविवर्धनः

sudyumna iti vikhyātas triṣu lokeṣu śobhane jagatpriyo dharmaśīlo manor vaṃśavivardhanaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनुग्रहाय लोकानां ततस्तानब्रवीदिदम् प्रायश्षित्तानि धर्मज्ञा वाइमन:कर्मजानि वै। शंसन्ति कुशला नित्य॑ चश्षुभ्भ्यामपि नित्यशः गम्यन्तां पुत्रकाश्चेति पुत्रेरुक्ताश्न ते तदा अभिशप्तास्तु ते देवा: पुत्रवाक्येन निन्दिता: । पितामहमुपागच्छन् संशयच्छेदनाय बै

English

³¹ _Brahmavadins_ means conversant with the knowledge of Brāhmana. The sentence is elliptical, the full import is: ye are all conversant with the knowledge of Brāhmana but not gifted with Yoga

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 13

निवृत्ता सा तु तच् छ्रुत्वा गच्छन्ती पितुर् अन्तिकाम् बुधेनान्तरम् आसाद्य मैथुनायोपवर्तिता

nivṛttā sā tu tac chrutvā gacchantī pitur antikām budhenāntaram āsādya maithunāyopavartitā

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततस्तानब्रवीद् देवो यूयं वे ब्रह्मवादिन: । तस्माद् यदुक्त युष्माकं॑ तत् तथा न तदन्यथा यूयं शरीरकर्तारस्तेषां देवा भविष्यथ। ते तु ज्ञानप्रदातारः: पितरो वो न संशय: देवाश्व पितरश्रेव तद् बुध्यध्वं दिवौकसः ब्रह्मणा चिछिन्नसंदेहाः प्रीतिमन्त: परस्परम्

English

³² It is for this reason the usual practice amongst the Hindus is that they perform the Srāddha of their ancestral manes before the commencement of any ceremony.

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 14

सोमपुत्राद् बुधाद् राजंस् तस्यां जज्ञे पुरूरवाः जनयित्वा ततः सा तम् इडा सुद्युम्नतां गता

somaputrād budhād rājaṃs tasyāṃ jajñe purūravāḥ janayitvā tataḥ sā tam iḍā sudyumnatāṃ gatā

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मज्ञा: कश्न व: काम: को बरो व: प्रदीयताम् उक्ताश्न यस्माद् युष्माभि: पुत्रका इति वै वयम्। तस्माद् भवन्तः पितरो भविष्यन्ति न संशय: योअनिष्ठा तु पितृज्छाद्धै: क्रिया: काश्चित् करिष्यति। राक्षसा दानवा नागा: फल प्राप्स्यन्ति तस्य तत् इस प्रकार शाप हो जानेपर वे फिर ब्रह्माजीके चरणोंमें जाकर गिरे और उनसे क्षमा-याचना की। तब ब्रह्माजीनी लोककल्याणकी दृष्टिसे उन देवताओंसे इस प्रकार कहा-- ॥ २४॥ अब तुम प्रायश्चित्त करो; क्योंकि

English

Markandeya said:—Hear from me everything from the very beginning, O son of Ganga, of my doubts which I again referred to that reverend eternal deity Sanatkumar the foremost of immortals after having been addressed by that effulgent god of gods (1-2). What is the number of those ancestral manes and in what region are they stationed? And where do live the leading gods who derive nourishment from Soma (juice)? (3)

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 15

सुद्युम्नस्य तु दायादास् त्रयः परमधार्मिकाः उत्कलश् च गयश् चैव विनताश्वश् च भारत

sudyumnasya tu dāyādās trayaḥ paramadhārmikāḥ utkalaś ca gayaś caiva vinatāśvaś ca bhārata

हिन्दी अर्थ

तुमने व्यभिचार (पृज्य-पूजाका व्यतिक्रम) किया है; इसलिये तुम अपने पुत्रोंसे पूछो, तब तुमलोगोंको ज्ञान प्राप्त होगा॥ २५॥ तब देवताओंने दुःखी होकर अपने पुत्रोंसे प्रायश्वित्त-कर्मके विषयमें पूछा। फिर तो वे जितात्मा पुत्र बहुत सोच-विचारकर उनसे बोले धर्म-ज्ञानमें निपुण पुरुषोंका कहना है कि वाणी, मन और कर्मसे तथा नेत्रोंस भी सदा प्रायश्वित्त होता है॥ २७॥ अतः देवताओ! तुम प्रायश्चित्तके तत्त्वको जानकर सचेत हो जाओ। फिर पुत्रोंने उनसे कहा कि पुत्रो) अब तुम जाओ॥ २८॥ तब वे देवता पुत्रोंद्वारा पुत्र कहे जानेपर अपनी निन्दा समझते हुए तथा पुत्रोंसे भी अभिशप्त होकर अपना संशय दूर करनेके लिये ब्रह्माजीके पास पहुँचे॥२९॥ तब ब्रह्माजीने

English

Sanatkumar said:—O foremost of those who perform sacrifices, it is laid down in Scriptures, that there are seven ancestral manes who all live in heaven. Of them four are with forms and three without them (4). O you having asceticism for your wealth, hear, I will describe at length their region, creation, prowess and greatness (5). Of them the most excellent three assumed the form of Dharma (virtue). Hear, I shall describe their names and regions (6). The regions, where the effulgent and formless ancestral manes, the sons of Prajāpati live, are (designated as) eternal (7). O foremost of the twice-born, the region of Virāja is known by the name of Vairāja. The celestials adore them with ceremonies laid down in Scriptures (8). These Brahmavādins, when they deviate from the paths of Yoga come down to _Sanatana_ (eternal) regions and after the expiration of a thousand yugas they take their birth (9). Then obtaining again the recollection of the most excellent Sānkhya Yoga and securing the consummate development of their powers they again attain to that Yoga state which it is so hard to acquire (10). O my child, they are the Pitris who enhance the ascetic powers of the Yogins and they, by their Yoga, propitiated Soma in the days of yore (11). Therefore Srāddhas should be performed particularly for the Yogins. This is the first creation of the high-souled drinkers of Soma (12). Their mind-begotten daughter Mena was the first wife of the mountain chief Himalaya. Her son was called Maināka (13). His son was the effulgent great mountain Krauncha. This best of mountains was white and abounded in various sorts of jewels (14). The mountain-king begat on Mena three daughters, namely, Aparna, Ekaparnā—and the third was Ekapatāla (15). Having carried on hard austerities, which even the Gods and Dānavas cannot practise with difficulty, those three daughters disturbed all the worlds consisting of mobile and immobile creatures (16). Ekaparnā used to live upon one leaf only and Ekapātala used to live upon one Patala flower only (17). And when Aparnā divorced from food began to carry on hard austerities, her mother, stricken with sorrow, consequent upon her motherly affection, prevented her, saying "_U. Ma._" (18). Thus addressed by her mother, that fair goddess, carrying on hard penances, became celebrated in the three worlds by the name of _Uma_ (19). She also became celebrated by the name of _Yogadharmin_.³³ O Bhargava, this world consisting of three maidens shall (for ever) exist (20). All the three were endued with yoga energy and bodies³⁴ perfected by hard austerities. They were all conversant with the knowledge of Brahman and had controlled their carnal desires (21). The beautiful Umā was the eldest and foremost of them. Gifted with great yoga powers she approached the Great Deity Siva (22). Ekaparnā was given away as a wife unto the high-souled, intelligent and the great Yogin and preceptor, the black Devala (23). Know Ekapātala as the wife of Jaigishavya. Those two noble maidens approached those two preceptors of yoga (24). The celestials offer watery oblations for all those regions of _Somayagins_³⁵ that are called Somapadā and where dwell the sons and ancestral manes of the Patriarch Marichi (25). They all pass by the name of Agnisvatta and are gifted with immeasurable energy. They have a mind-born daughter by name Achhodā who travels underneath³⁶ (26). From that (river) has sprung a lake by the name of Achhoda. She had never seen her ancestral manes before (27). That one of beautiful smiles (thou) saw her bodiless ancestral manes. She was begotten of their mind and did not know her. For this misfortune that beautiful damsel was greatly ashamed. Beholding the ancestral mane Vasu, the illustrious son of Ayu by the name of Amāvasu, who was passing through the etherial region in a car along with the Apsarā Adrikā, she thought of him³⁷ (first) (28–30). On account of her this frailty, that she thought of another and not her own father, that one capable of assuming forms of her will lost her Yoga power and fell down (31). When she fell down from the celestial region she behold three cars of the size of _Esarenu_ and espied in them her ancestral manes (32). They looked exceedingly subtle, indistinct and like fire offered into clarified butter. While she was in distress and falling down with her head downwards she exclaimed "Save me" (33). The ancestral manes stationed on the cars said to their girl who was in the etherial region "do not fear." Then with purely words she began to propitiate the ancestral manes (34). The ancestral manes then said to that girl who was divested of all her merits on account of this transgression:—"O thou of pure smiles, for thy own folly, thou hast been divested of all thy merits (35). The celestials attain, in heaven, to the fruits of their actions which they perform with their bodies in this world (36). (Sometimes)³⁸ the celestials, by their (mere) determination attain to the fruits of their actions but mankind reap them only when they repair to the next world. Therefore, O daughter, by practising hard austerities in this world thou shalt reap the fruits thereof in the next (37)."

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 16

उत्कलस्योत्तरा राजन् विनताश्वस्य पश्चिमा दिक् पूर्वा भरतश्रेष्ठ गयस्य तु गया स्मृता

utkalasyottarā rājan vinatāśvasya paścimā dik pūrvā bharataśreṣṭha gayasya tu gayā smṛtā

हिन्दी अर्थ

उन्होंने तुमसे जो कुछ कहा है, वह ठीक ही है। इसमें कुछ भी अनुचित नहीं है॥ ३० ॥ तुम तो उनके शरीरकी रचना करनेवाले देवता होगे और वे ज्ञान प्रदान करनेवाले तुम्हारे पितर होंगे--इसमें तनिक भी संदेह नहीं है॥३१॥ देवताओ और पितरो! तुम दोनों आपसमें एक-दूसरेके पितर हो, इसमें कुछ भी संदेह नहीं है। स्वर्गवासियो! इस बातको तुम भलीभाँति जान लो॥३२॥ तब वे देवता, जिनका सारा संशय ब्रह्माजीद्वारा नष्ट हो गया था और जो परस्पर प्रीतियुक्त थे, पुनः पुत्रोंक पास आये और उनसे बोले-- तुम हमारे पितर हो, क्‍योंकि तुमने हमको ज्ञान प्रदान किया है, तुम धर्मज्ञ हो, तुम्हारी क्‍या इच्छा है? तुम्हें क्या वर दिया जाय ?॥ ३४॥ तुमने जो बात कही है, वह ठीक है, इसमें कुछ अनुचित नहीं है। परंतु तुमने

English

Thus accosted by her own Pitris the maiden began propitiating them. Then realising the truth in their own minds, they all, out of compassion, became pleased with her (38). Knowing that all this is inevitable they asked that maiden to act (in that way) and said to her:—"Thou shalt be born as the daughter of the high-souled king Vasu who is born on earth among men. Being born as his daughter thou shalt again attain to thy own regions which it is so hard to gain (39-40). Thou shalt give birth to the illustrious son of Parāshara.³⁹ That great Brāhmana saint shall divide the one Veda into four parts (41). Two sons, the illustrious and pious Vichitravirya and Chitrangada, will be born unto the king Shāntanu, who was (in another birth the king) Mahābhisha. Having given birth to these sons thou shalt again attain to thy own regions. On account of thy transgressions towards thy ancestral manes thou shalt come by these inferior births (42-43). Thou shalt be begotten as his daughter by this king on his wife Adrikā. In the eighteenth Dwāpara cycle thou shalt be born as a fish" (44). Thus spoken to by her ancestral manes that maiden was born in Dasha family as Satyavati. First born as a fish she became the daughter of the king Vasu (45).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 17

प्रविष्टे तु मनौ तात दिवाकरम् अरिंदम दशधा तद्गतं क्षत्रम् अकरोत् पृथिवीम् इमाम्

praviṣṭe tu manau tāta divākaram ariṃdama daśadhā tadgataṃ kṣatram akarot pṛthivīm imām

हिन्दी अर्थ

जो हमें “पुत्र॒काःः कहकर सम्बोधित किया है, इस कारण तुम पितर होओगे, इसमें कुछ संदेह नहीं है॥ ३५॥ जो प्राणी श्राद्धोंद्रारा (पहले) पितरोंका पूजन किये बिना ही जो कुछ क्रियाएँ करेगा, उन क्रियाओंका 'फल राक्षस, दानव और सर्पोको प्राप्त होगा तुम दिव्य पितर हो, तुम्हारे द्वारा श्राद्धोंसे परिपुष्ट आप्याय्यमाना युष्माभिर्वरद्धयिष्यन्ति नित्यदा॥ ३७ किये गये लौकिक पितर स्वयं तृप्त हो अपने अधिदेवता

English

The picturesque region Vaibhrāja, where dwell the Pitris celebrated in heaven as Varhishadas, is situate in Dyuloka (46). The highly effulgent celestials, Yakshas, Gandharvas, Rakshasas, Nāgas, Sarpas (serpents), Suparnas (birds) offer oblations for (the attainment of those) regions (47). They are the offspring of the high-souled Patriarch Pulastya. They were all great, highly meritorious, energetic and used to carry on ascetic observances. Their mind-born daughter was known as Pivari. She was (herself) a great ascetic, the wife of an ascetic, and the mother of

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 18

यूपाङ्किता वसुमती यस्येयं सवनाकरा ।इक्ष्वाकुर् ज्येष्ठदायादो मध्यदेशम् अवाप्तवान् कन्याभावाच् च सुद्युम्नो नैनं गुणम् अवाप्तवान्

yūpāṅkitā vasumatī yasyeyaṃ savanākarā | ikṣvākur jyeṣṭhadāyādo madhyadeśam avāptavān kanyābhāvāc ca sudyumno nainaṃ guṇam avāptavān

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्राद्धाराप्पायित: सोमो लोकानाप्याययिष्यति। समुद्रपर्वतवनं जड़माजड्ुमैर्वृतम् श्राद्धानि पुष्टिकामाश्व ये करिष्यन्ति मानवा:। तेभ्यः पुष्टि प्रजाश्चेव दास्यन्ति पितर: सदा एवमाज्ञापितं पूर्व ब्रह्मणा परमेष्टिना। त एते पितरो देवा देवाश्व पितरस्तथा।

English

O you foremost of the pious, at the commencement of Dwāpara Yuga, the great ascetic and Yogin Suka, the foremost of Brāhmanas born in the race of Parashara, will take birth in that Yuga. He will be begotten by Vyasa on _Arani_ like fire divested of smoke (50–51). He will beget on that daughter of the ancestral manes four sons, _viz_, the highly powerful Yoga-teacher Krishna, Goura, Prabhu and Shambhu, and a daughter by name Kritwā, who will be the mother of Brahmadatta and the queen of king Anuha (52–53). Having begotten these vow-observing teachers of Yoga and listened to various forms of religion from his own sire Vyasa, the immeasurably intelligent, pious and ascetic Rishi Suka repaired to the region from where no one returns—the eternal, undecaying region of Brahman shorn of all troubles, where reside the shape-less Pitris in the form of virtue, and where has originated this theme of Vrishnis and Andhakas (54–55). The ancestral manes of the Patriarch Vasishtha, known as Sukātas, live eternally in heaven and the region lighted by the effulgence that grants the consummation of all desires. The Brāhmanas always offer them oblations (57). Their mind born daughter is known as Go in the region of celestials, who will be given (in marriage) to your family and be the other beloved wife of Suka. The Sādhyas have a well-known daughter, ever enhancing their fame, by name Ekashringā. (58). She lives in the regions effulgent like the rays of the Sun. The Kshatriyas, who wish to reap the fruits of their actions, propitiate the sons of Angiras, who had formerly been rendered prosperous by Sāddhyas. Their mind-born daughter is known as Yashodā (59–60). She was the wife of Vishwamahata, daughter-in-law of Vriddhasharmā and the mother of the high-souled royal saint Dilipa (61). O my son, formerly in the cycle of gods, at the great horse-sacrifice of the king Dilipa the great saints chanted various themes with joy (62). Hearing of the birth of Agni (fire-god) from some descendant of Shandili, those men, who will behold the truthful and high-souled performer of sacrifices Dilipa, will conquer the celestial region (63). The ancestral manes of the Patriarch Karddama, Sudhanwās by name, came into being from the noble Brāhmana Pulaha (64). They, gifted with etherial movements, are living in the regions where the dwellers move about of their own will. The Vaishyas who wish to reap the fruits of their actions, offer oblations unto them (65). Their mind-born daughter is celebrated by the name of Viraja. O Brahman, she will be the mother of Yayati and the wife of Nahusha (66). Thus I have described to you the three orders: hear from me of the fourth order. The drinkers of Soma juice, who were begotten on Swadhā the daughter of Kavi, were the offspring of Hiranyagarbha. The Sudras encompass their gratification (67). The etherial region where they dwell is called Mānasa. Their mind-born daughter is Narmadā the foremost of streams (68). Traversing the southern way she is purifying the creatures. She is the wife of Purukutsa and the mother of Trāsadasyu (59). The ancestral manes are to be adored—and when this is neglected at various cycles the Patriarch Manu introduces the performance of Srāddha in their honour (70).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 19

वसिष्ठवचनाच् चासीत् प्रतिष्ठानं महात्मनः प्रतिष्ठा धर्मराजस्य सुद्युम्नस्य कुरूद्वह

vasiṣṭhavacanāc cāsīt pratiṣṭhānaṃ mahātmanaḥ pratiṣṭhā dharmarājasya sudyumnasya kurūdvaha

हिन्दी अर्थ

सोमकी वृद्धि करेंगे॥ ३७॥ श्राद्धोंसे आप्यायित होता हुआ चन्द्रमा समुद्र, पर्वत, वन और चर-अचर प्राणियोंसे भरे हुए लोकोंको आप्यायित (तृप्त) करेगा॥ ३८॥ जो मनुष्य पुष्टि पानेकी इच्छासे श्राद्ध करेंगे, पितर उनको विद्यमान पिता, पितामह और प्रपितामहको उनके नाम और गोत्रका उच्चारण कर तीन पिण्ड देंगे, श्राद्ध-दानसे तृप्त हुए वे पितर उनकी सदा वृद्धि करेंगे परमेष्ठी ब्रह्माजीने पहले ही ऐसी आज्ञा दी है। स्वर्गवासियो ! उनका वचन अब सत्य हो, हम सब परस्पर पुत्र और पितर हैं सनत्कुमारजीने कहा--मुने ! जो देवता हैं, वे ही पितर हैं और जो पितर हैं, वे ही देवता हैं। इस प्रकार ये देवता और पितर आपसमें एक-दूसरेके पिता और

English

O foremost of the twice-born, of all the ancestral manes Yama was first born and he protected all created beings by his own virtue. Therefore he is designated in the Vedas as Srāddhadeva (71). When after reciting the mystic formulae, oblation is offered in silver or silver-plated vessels to the ancestral manes it encompasses their gratification (72). Having first propitiated Yama the son of Vivaswān and then Soma, one should offer oblation unto fire; and in the absence of fire unto water (73). The ancestral manes are pleased with him who reverentially brings about their gratification, and confer upon him nourishment, innumerable offspring, wealth and all other desired-for objects. O ascetic, the worship of the ancestral manes is preferred to that of the celestials (74–75). It is ordained by scriptures that before the celestials the ancestral manes should be gratified. The latter are easily pleased, freed from anger and they confer the most excellent gratification on men (76). O descendant of Bhrigu, the gratification of ancestral manes is ever constant. Therefore do thou bow unto them. Thou art ever devoted unto thy ancestral manes and specially unto me (77). I shall do what conduces to thy well-being. Do thou witness it thyself. O sinless one, I shall confer on thee celestial vision together with discriminative knowledge (78). Listen attentively, O Markandeya, to the means thereof. This is not the Yoga state of the celestials but the most excellent state of the celestials (79). Such persons of consummate ascetic powers behold me with their own eyes. Having thus spoken to me who was present before him and conferred upon me celestial vision together with discriminative knowledge, which even the celestials can with difficulty acquire, the Lord of celestials (Sanatkumar) repaired to his wished-for region like the second burning fire (80–81). O foremost of Kurus, hear now, what I had heard, by the favour of that God—(things) above the comprehension of men in this world (12).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 20

तत् पुरूरवसे प्रादाद् राज्यं प्राप्य महायशाः चक्रवर्ती महाराज बभूव जनमेजय ।सुद्युम्नः कारयाम् आस प्रतिष्ठाने नृपक्रियाम् ।धृष्णुकश् चाम्बरीषश् च दण्डश् चेतीह ते त्रयः ।यश् चकार महात्मा वै दण्डकारण्यम् उत्तमम् ॥ वनं तल् लोकविख्यातं तापसानाम् अनुत्तमम् ।तत्र प्रविष्टमात्रस् तु नरः पापात् प्रमुच्यते ॥ सुद्युम्नश् च दिवं यात एडम् उत्पाद्य भारत ।उत्कलस्य त्रयः पुत्रास् त्रिषु लोकेषु विश्रुताः ।मानवेयो महाराज स्त्रीपुंसोर् लक्षणैर् युतः

tat purūravase prādād rājyaṃ prāpya mahāyaśāḥ cakravartī mahārāja babhūva janamejaya | sudyumnaḥ kārayām āsa pratiṣṭhāne nṛpakriyām | dhṛṣṇukaś cāmbarīṣaś ca daṇḍaś cetīha te trayaḥ | yaś cakāra mahātmā vai daṇḍakāraṇyam uttamam || vanaṃ tal lokavikhyātaṃ tāpasānām anuttamam | tatra praviṣṭamātras tu naraḥ pāpāt pramucyate || sudyumnaś ca divaṃ yāta eḍam utpādya bhārata | utkalasya trayaḥ putrās triṣu lokeṣu viśrutāḥ | mānaveyo mahārāja strīpuṃsor lakṣaṇair yutaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्योन्यं पितरो होते देवाश्व पितरश्च ह॥ ४२ पूज्य हैं इति श्रीमहाभारते खिलभागे हरिवंशे हरिवंशपर्वणि पितृकल्पे सप्तदशो5ध्याय: इस प्रकार श्रीमहाभारत खिलभाग हरिवंशके अन्तर्गत हरिवंशपर्वमें पितरोंका उत्पत्तिविषयक सत्रहवाँ अध्याय पूरा हुआ पितृकल्प-मार्कण्डेय-सनत्कुमार-संवादमें पितरोंक गण, लोक, शक्ति और कन्याओंका वर्णन तथा पितरोंके प्रभावको देखनेके लिये मार्कण्डेयजीको दिव्य दृष्टिकी प्राप्ति

English

³³ This is a name of the Goddess Uma. It literally means _who is naturally intent on carrying on Yoga practises_.

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 21

धृतवांस् तम् इडेत्य् एवं सुद्युम्नश् चेतिविश्रुतः ।पृषध्रो हिवद्धित्वा तु गुरोर् गां जनमेजय ।शापाच् छूद्रत्वम् आपन्नः पुत्रस् तस्य महात्मनः ।नारिष्यन्ताः शकाः पुत्रा नाभागस्य तु भारत अम्बरीषो ऽभवत् पुत्रः पार्थिवर्षभसत्तम

dhṛtavāṃs tam iḍety evaṃ sudyumnaś cetiviśrutaḥ | pṛṣadhro hivaddhitvā tu guror gāṃ janamejaya | śāpāc chūdratvam āpannaḥ putras tasya mahātmanaḥ | nāriṣyantāḥ śakāḥ putrā nābhāgasya tu bhārata ambarīṣo 'bhavat putraḥ pārthivarṣabhasattama

हिन्दी अर्थ

इत्युक्तो5ह भगवता देवदेवेन भास्वता। सनत्कुमारेण पुनः पृष्टवान् देवमव्ययम् कियन्तो वै पितृगणा: कस्मिल्लोके प्रतिष्ठित: । मार्कण्डेयजी कहते हैं--गड्जानन्दन भीष्म ! तेजस्वी देवदेव भगवान् सनत्कुमारके इस प्रकार कहनेपर मैंने काम-क्रोधादि शत्रुओंका दमन करनेवाले उन देवश्रेष्ठ अव्यय भगवान् सनत्कुमारसे अपने जिन सारे संदेहोंको आरम्भसे पूछा था, उन्हें मुझसे सुनो॥ १-२॥ (श्राद्धके द्वारा) चन्द्रमाको पुष्ट करनेवाले तथा देवताओंके भी श्रेष्ठ देवता पितरोंके कितने गण हैं और वे किस लोकमें

English

³⁴ The word in the text is _Tapamaya_ body. It is very difficult to render the expression into English. _Tapas_ means hard religious practises, such as, placing one's self in the midst of burning fire, exposing one's self day and night under the Sun and to cold. By such practises a yogin can acclimatise his body to the influences of climate and restrain his passions. Thus _Tapamaya_ body means a body that is used to both heat and cold and all other climatic influences and that has mastered all the functions,

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 22

धृष्णोस् तु धार्ष्णिकं क्षत्रं रणदृष्टं बभूव ह करूषस्य तु कारूषाः क्षत्रिया युद्धदुर्मदाः ।सहस्रं क्षत्रियगणो विक्रान्तः संबभूव ह ॥ नाभागारिष्टपुत्राश् च क्षत्रिया वैश्यतां गताः ॥ प्रांशोर् एको ऽभवत् पुत्रः प्रजापतिर् इति श्रुतः ।नरिष्यन्तस्य दायादो राजा दण्डधरो दमः ।शर्यातेर् मिथुनं चासीद् आनर्तो नाम विश्रुतः पुत्रः कन्या सुकन्या च या पत्नी च्यवनस्य ह

dhṛṣṇos tu dhārṣṇikaṃ kṣatraṃ raṇadṛṣṭaṃ babhūva ha karūṣasya tu kārūṣāḥ kṣatriyā yuddhadurmadāḥ | sahasraṃ kṣatriyagaṇo vikrāntaḥ saṃbabhūva ha || nābhāgāriṣṭaputrāś ca kṣatriyā vaiśyatāṃ gatāḥ || prāṃśor eko 'bhavat putraḥ prajāpatir iti śrutaḥ | nariṣyantasya dāyādo rājā daṇḍadharo damaḥ | śaryāter mithunaṃ cāsīd ānarto nāma viśrutaḥ putraḥ kanyā sukanyā ca yā patnī cyavanasya ha

हिन्दी अर्थ

वर्तन्ते देवप्रवरा देवानां सोमवर्द्धना: ॥ ३ प्रतिष्ठित रहते हैं? हे कहा--याजकोंमें श्रेष्ठ मार्कण्डेय ! स्वर्गमें रहनेवाले सात पितर माने गये हैं, उनमें चार तो मूर्तिमान्ू हैं और तीन मूर्तिरहित॥ ४॥ तपोधन! मैं उनके लोक, सृष्टि, प्रभाव और महत्त्वका विस्तारपूर्वक वर्णन करता हूँ, उसे सुनिये॥५॥ (साथ ही) धर्ममय शरीर धारण करनेवाले पितरोंके जो तीन परम गण हैं, उनके नाम और लोकोंका भी मैं वर्णन करता हूँ, उसे भी सुनिये॥ ६॥ उन पितरोंके 'सनातन' नामवाले लोक हैं, जहाँ वे तेजस्वी, भौतिक शरीरसे रहित--दिव्य रूपवाले पितृगण, जो प्रजापतिके पुत्र हैं, निवास करते हैं

English

³⁵ Those who invoke the deities by offering them Soma juice—a delicious drink which is much liked by the gods according to Hindu

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 23

आनर्तस्य तु दायादो रेवो नाम महाद्युतिः आनर्तविषयश् चासीत् पुरी चासीत् कुशस्थली

ānartasya tu dāyādo revo nāma mahādyutiḥ ānartaviṣayaś cāsīt purī cāsīt kuśasthalī

हिन्दी अर्थ

द्विजश्रेष्ठ ! विराज प्रजापतिके पुत्र होनेके कारण वे वैराज नामसे प्रसिद्ध हैं। देवगण शास्त्रोक्त विधिसे इन वैराज पितरोंका पूजन करते हैं॥ ८ ॥ ये योग भ्रष्ट होनेके कारण सनातन ब्रह्मलोकमें पहुँचनेपर भी सहस्न युगोंके अन्तमें ब्रह्माजीके साथ मुक्त नहीं होते; अतः दूसरे कल्पमें (प्रजापतिसे ही) ब्रह्मवादी मुनिके रूपमें फिर प्रकट हो जाते हैं॥९॥ वे फिर पूर्व-कल्पकी स्मृति होनेसे परम उत्तम सांख्ययोगका अनुष्ठान करके सिद्ध हो जाते हैं और पुनरावृत्ति (जन्म-मरण) -से रहित योगगतिको प्राप्त होते हैं॥ १०॥ तात! जो पहले योगबलसे सोमको पुष्ट करते हैं, वे ही ये पितर योगियोंके योगको बढ़ानेवाले हैं॥ ११५॥ इसलिये इन योगियोंके लिये विशेषरूपसे श्राद्ध करना चाहिए। यही सोमकी वृद्धि करनेवाले 'सोमपा' नामक पितरोंका प्रथम सर्ग है॥ १२॥ इन (वैराज पितरों)- की मानसी कन्याका नाम मेना है। वह महागिरि हिमाचलकी श्रेष्ठ पत्नी है। उसका पुत्र मैनाक कहा जाता है

English

³⁶ This mind-born daughter refers to a river of the same name that has come down from that region to earth.

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 24

रेवस्य रैवतः पुत्रः ककुद्मी नाम धार्मिकः ज्येष्ठः पुत्रशतस्यासीद् राज्यं प्राप्य कुशस्थलीम्

revasya raivataḥ putraḥ kakudmī nāma dhārmikaḥ jyeṣṭhaḥ putraśatasyāsīd rājyaṃ prāpya kuśasthalīm

हिन्दी अर्थ

मैनाकका पुत्र महागिरि श्रीमान् क्रौद्ध (पर्वत) है, जो पर्वतोंमें श्रेष्ठ और नाना प्रकारके रत्नोंसे भरा-पूरा है पर्वतराज हिमालयने मेनाके गर्भसे तीन कन्याएँ उत्पन्न कीं, जिनके नाम थे--अपर्णा, एकपर्णा तथा तीसरी एकपाटला॥ १५॥ इन तीनों कन्याओंने ऐसी घोर तपस्याका अनुष्ठान प्रारम्भ किया, जो देवताओं और दानवोंके लिये भी दुष्कर थी, इससे उन तीनोंने स्थावर-जड्ुमसहित समस्त लोकोंको संतप्त कर दिया॥ १६॥ (उन दिनों) एकपर्णा एक ही पत्ता खाकर रह जाती थी और एकपाटला पाटला (ताम्रपुष्पी)-के एक ही पुष्पको आहाररूपमें तेषां लोक॑ विसर्ग च कीर्तयिष्यामि तच्छुणु। प्रभावं च महत्त्वं च विस्तेण तपोधन

English

³⁷ The word in the text is _Vabre_ which literally means to choose as a husband. It may also mean to offer benedictory offerings to a deity or person. As it is impossible for a daughter to choose one of her ancestors as her husband the word evidently means here "to accept him and give him offerings as her father". The context proves that the maiden was anxious to behold her ancestral manes and so when she first saw Vasu, she took him for her father and offered him adoration. Later she perceived that he was not her father and her real Pitris were in the three cars. This was evidently a transgression, for which, as is seen later on, she was doomed to take birth as the daughter of Vasu.

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 25

तस्य पुत्रशतं त्व् आसीत् कन्या चापिकुरूद्वह ।स कन्यासहितः श्रुत्वा गान्धर्वं ब्रह्मणो ऽन्तिके मुहूर्तभूतं देवस्य मर्त्यं बहुयुगं प्रभो

tasya putraśataṃ tv āsīt kanyā cāpikurūdvaha | sa kanyāsahitaḥ śrutvā gāndharvaṃ brahmaṇo 'ntike muhūrtabhūtaṃ devasya martyaṃ bahuyugaṃ prabho

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्ममूर्तिधरास्तेषां त्रयो ये परमा गणा:। तेषां नामानि लोकांश्व कथयिष्यामि तच्छुणु लोकाः सनातना नाम यत्र तिष्ठन्ति भास्वरा:। अमूर्तयः पितृगणास्ते बै पुत्रा: प्रजापते: विराजस्य द्विजश्रेष्ठ वैराजा इति विश्रुता: । यजन्ति तान् देवगणा विधिदृष्टन कर्मणा एते वै योगविश्रष्टा लोकान् प्राप्प सनातनान्। पुनर्युगसहस्त्रान्ते जायन्ते ब्रह्मवादिन:

English

³⁸ We have put in _Sometimes_ only for preserving consistency. In the previous sloka it is mentioned that even the celestials perform actions in this world and then attain to the fruits thereof in the next. Thus the gods also are under the influence of Karma. Whereas in this sloka it is said that by mere determination they attain to the fruits of their actions. Therefore the consistency is not preserved unless we put in the word '_Sometimes_'. The author evidently had in view that the celestials, though under the influence of Karma, are sometimes freed therefrom. But that is not the case with men. They cannot avoid the consequences of their actions under any circumstances whatever.

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 26

आजगाम युवैवाथ स्वां पुरीं यादवैर् वृताम् कृतां द्वारवतीं नाम्ना बहुद्वारां मनोरमाम् भोजवृष्ण्यन्धकैर् गुप्तां वासुदेवपुरोगमैः

ājagāma yuvaivātha svāṃ purīṃ yādavair vṛtām kṛtāṃ dvāravatīṃ nāmnā bahudvārāṃ manoramām bhojavṛṣṇyandhakair guptāṃ vāsudevapurogamaiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तपश्चरन्त्य:ः सुमहद् दुश्चर॑ देवदानबै: । लोकान् संतापयामासुस्तास्तिस्त्र:स्थाणुजड्रमान् पाटलापुष्पमेके च आदधावेकपाटला . अर्थात् सुकाल, आज्विरस, सुस्वधा और सोमपा--ये चार मूर्तिमान् हैं। इन्हें दिव्य शरीर प्राप्त हुआ है। वैराज, अग्रिष्वात्त और बहिंषदू-ये तीन अमूर्त हैं। (नीलकण्ठीसे ) एका तत्र निराहारा तां माता प्रत्यषेधयत्। “उ' 'मा' इति निषेधन्ती मातृस्नेहेन दुःखिता।

English

³⁹ This refers to Veda Vyasa who compiled and arranged the four Vedas. The word Vyasa means "an arranger" Veda Vyasa is the surname of a Rishi, the son of Parashara, who compiled the four Vedas. The Vedas originally existed in the shape of hymns that were sung by the ancient Aryans and passed from one family to another as sacred heir-looms. For some centuries they existed in this form. It was this great Rishi who first committed them to writing and arranged them in the order in which they are now found. The four divisions are his own creation. On account of this great work he received the appellation 'Veda-Vyasa'.

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 27

ततस् तद् रैवतो ज्ञात्वा यथातत्त्वम् अरिंदम कन्यां तां बलदेवाय सुव्रतां नाम रेवतीम्

tatas tad raivato jñātvā yathātattvam ariṃdama kanyāṃ tāṃ baladevāya suvratāṃ nāma revatīm

हिन्दी अर्थ

सा तथोक्ता तया मात्रा देवी दुश्चवरचारिणी। उमेत्येवाभवत् ख्याता त्रिषु लोकेषु सुन्दरी तथैव नाम्ना तेनेह विश्रुता योगधर्मिणी। एतत् तु त्रिकुमारीक॑ जगत् स्थास्यति भार्गव सर्वाश्व॒ ब्रह्मवादिन्य: सर्वाश्िवोर्ध्वरेतस: महायोगबलोपेता महादेवमुपस्थिता

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 28

दत्त्वा जगाम शिखरं मेरोस् तपसि संश्रितः रोहिण्या सहितश् चन्द्रो यथा शच्या शचीपतिः ।रेमे रामो ऽपि धर्मात्मा रेवत्या सहितः सुखी

dattvā jagāma śikharaṃ meros tapasi saṃśritaḥ rohiṇyā sahitaś candro yathā śacyā śacīpatiḥ | reme rāmo 'pi dharmātmā revatyā sahitaḥ sukhī

हिन्दी अर्थ

असितस्यैकपर्णा तु देवलस्य महात्मन:। पत्नी दत्ता महाब्रह्मन् योगाचार्याय धीमते लोकाः सोमपदा नाम मरीचेर्यत्र वै सुताः । पितरो यत्र वर्तन्ते देवास्तानू भावयन्त्युत अद्विकाप्सरसायुक्त विमाने5धिष्ठितं दिवि सा तेन व्यभिचारेण मनसः कामरूपिणी। पितरं प्रार्थयित्वान्यं योगभ्रष्टा पपात ह

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 29

कथं बहुयुगे काले समतीते द्विजर्षभ न जरा रेवतीं प्राप्ता रैवतं च ककुद्मिनम्

kathaṃ bahuyuge kāle samatīte dvijarṣabha na jarā revatīṃ prāptā raivataṃ ca kakudminam

हिन्दी अर्थ

उनमेंसे एक (अपर्णा सर्वथा) निराहार रहने लगी। तब मातृस्नेहके कारण दु:ःखित हो उसकी माताने उससे 'उ' 'मा' (अरी! ऐसा मत कर) कहकर (निराहार रहनेका) निषेध किया॥ १८॥ वह दुश्वर तप करनेवाली सुन्दरी देवी इस प्रकार माताद्वारा कहे जानेपर इस 'उमा' नामसे ही तीनों लोकोंमें विख्यात हो गयी ॥ १९ ॥ उसी प्रकार वह योगधर्मका पालन करनेवाली उसी नामसे विख्यात हुई। भार्गव ! इन तीन कुमारियों (-की तपःशक्ति)- से युक्त होकर ही यह जगतू स्थिर रहेगा॥ २०॥ इन तीनोंका शरीर तपोमय है, ये सब योगबलसे सम्पन्न हैं तथा ये सभी ब्रह्मवादिनी और ऊर्ध्वरेता हैं॥२१॥ उमा उन सबमें ज्येष्ठ, श्रेष्ठ, सुन्दी तथा महान् योगबलसे सम्पन्न थीं। उनका विवाह महादेवजीसे हुआ

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 30

मेरुं गतस्य वा तस्य शार्यातेः संततिः कथम् स्थिता पृथिव्याम् अद्यापि श्रोतुम् इच्छामि तत्त्वतः

meruṃ gatasya vā tasya śāryāteḥ saṃtatiḥ katham sthitā pṛthivyām adyāpi śrotum icchāmi tattvataḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

महाब्रह्मन् ! एकपर्णा बुद्धिमान् महात्मा योगाचार्य असित- देवलको पत्नीरूपमें दी गयी ॥ २३ ॥ इसी प्रकार एकपाटला जैगीषव्यको ब्याही गयी थी, ये दोनों महाभाग्यवती कन्याएँ योगाचार्योकी सेवामें उपस्थित हुई हैं (अब दूसरे गण अग्रिष्वात्त पितरोंका वर्णन करते हैं--) पितरोंके लिये दूसरे सोमपद नामवाले लोक हैं, जहाँ मरीचि प्रजापतिके पुत्र 'पितर' होकर रहते हैं। वहाँ पितर अग्रनिष्वात्त नामसे प्रसिद्ध हैं। अच्छोदा नामकी नदी इनकी मानसी कन्या है॥२६॥ उसीसे अच्छोद नामक प्रसिद्ध सरोवर प्रकट हुआ है। उस (नदीरूपी मानसी कनन्‍्या)-ने इन पितरोंकों पहले कभी नहीं देखा था॥ २७॥ उस पवित्र मुसकानवालीने अमूर्त पितरोंको भी दिव्यदृष्टिसे देखा। पर उन्हें देखकर भी वह यह न जान सकी कि ये मेरे पिता हैं और मैं इनके मनसे उत्पन्न हुई हूँ॥२८॥ तब वह सुन्दरी अच्छोदा उस

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 31

न जरा क्षुत्पिपासे वा न मृत्युर् भरतर्षभ ऋतुचक्रं प्रभवति ब्रह्मलोके सदानघा

na jarā kṣutpipāse vā na mṛtyur bharatarṣabha ṛtucakraṃ prabhavati brahmaloke sadānaghā

हिन्दी अर्थ

दुःखके कारण लज्जित हो गयी। फिर उसने वसुको, जो आयुके यशस्वी पुत्र, अमावसु नामसे विख्यात, अन्तरिक्षचारी और स्वर्गमें अद्विका अप्सराके साथ विमानमें बैठे थे, देखा और उन्हींको अपना पिता मान लिया॥ २९-३० ॥ वह इच्छानुसार रूप धारण करनेवाली स्त्री दूसरेको पिता बनाकर मानसिक व्यभिचारके कारण योगभ्रष्ट होकर गिरने लगी यैः क्रियन्ते हि कर्माणि शररीरैर्दिवि हैवतेः। तैरेव तत्कर्मफलं प्राप्रुवन्‍्तीह देवता: सद्यः फलन्ति कर्माणि देवत्वे प्रेत्य मानुषे। तस्मातू त्वं तपसः पुत्रि प्रेत्येदं प्राप््यसे फलम्

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 32

ककुद्मिनस् तु तं लोकं रैवतस्य गतस्य ह हता पुण्यजनैस् तात राक्षसैः सा कुशस्थली

kakudminas tu taṃ lokaṃ raivatasya gatasya ha hatā puṇyajanais tāta rākṣasaiḥ sā kuśasthalī

हिन्दी अर्थ

इत्युक्ता पितृभि: सा तु पितृन् प्रासादयत् स्वकान्। ध्यात्वा प्रसादं ते चक्रुस्तस्या: सर्वेडनुकम्पया कन्या च भूत्वा लोकान् स्वानू पुनः प्राप्प्यसि दुर्लभान् स॒वेदमेक॑ ब्रह्मर्षिश्नतुर्धा विभजिष्यति महाभिषस्य पुत्री द्वो शन्तनो: कीर्तिवर्द्धनौ। विचित्रवीर्य धर्मज्ञ तथा चित्राडुदं शुभम्

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 33

तस्य भ्रातृशतं त्व् आसीद् धार्मिकस्य महात्मनः तद् वध्यमानं रक्षोभिर् दिशः प्राक्रमद् अच्युता

tasya bhrātṛśataṃ tv āsīd dhārmikasya mahātmanaḥ tad vadhyamānaṃ rakṣobhir diśaḥ prākramad acyutā

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतानुत्पाद्य पुत्रांस्व॑ पुनर्लोकानवाप्स्यसि। व्यतिक्रमात् पितृणां च जन्म प्राप्स्यसि कुत्सितम् अस्यैव राज्ञ: कन्या त्वमद्रिकाया भविष्यसि। एवमुक्ता तु दाशेयी जाता सत्यवती तदा। शन्तनु ही पूर्वजन्ममें महाभिष थे।

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 34

विद्रुतस्यच राजेन्द्र तस्य भ्रातृशतस्य वै ।तेषां तु ते भयाक्रान्तः क्षत्रियास् तत्र तत्र ह ।अन्ववायस् तु सुमहांस् तत्र तत्र विशां पते तेषां ये ते महाराज शार्याता इति विश्रुताः

vidrutasyaca rājendra tasya bhrātṛśatasya vai | teṣāṃ tu te bhayākrāntaḥ kṣatriyās tatra tatra ha | anvavāyas tu sumahāṃs tatra tatra viśāṃ pate teṣāṃ ye te mahārāja śāryātā iti viśrutāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वर्गसे भ्रष्ट होकर नीचेको गिरती हुई अच्छोदाने तसरेणुके आकारके तीन विमानोंको देखा। तदनन्तर उसने उनमें (बैठे हुए) उन पितरोंको देखा, जो अत्यन्त सूक्ष्म, स्पष्ट न दीख पड़नेवाले और अग्रियोंमें स्थापित अग्निके समान उद्दीप्त हो रहे थे। नीचे सिर करके गिरती हुई अच्छोदाने उनसे आर्त स्वरमें कहा--'मेरी रक्षा कीजिये '॥ ३२-३३ ॥ उन पितरोंने कहा--' डरो मत' उनके ऐसा कहते ही अच्छोदा आकाशमें रुक गयी और फिर दीन वाणीसे उन पितरोंको प्रसन्न करने लगी व्यतिक्रमके कारण पुत्रीको ऐश्वर्यसे भ्रष्ट हुई देख वे पितर कहने लगे--'शुचिस्मिते ! तू अपने ही दोषसे ऐश्वर्यसे भ्रष्ट होकर गिर रही है!॥ ३५॥ स्वर्गस्थ देवता जिन शरीरोंके द्वारा जैसा कर्म करते हैं, उन कर्मोका फल वे

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 35

क्षत्रिया भरतश्रेष्ठ दिक्षु सर्वासु धार्मिकाः सर्वशः सर्वगहनं प्रविष्टाः कुरुनन्दन

kṣatriyā bharataśreṣṭha dikṣu sarvāsu dhārmikāḥ sarvaśaḥ sarvagahanaṃ praviṣṭāḥ kurunandana

हिन्दी अर्थ

उन शरीरोंको ही धारण करके भोगते हैं ॥ ३६ ॥ देवयोनिमें हैवयोगवश बने हुए कर्म तत्काल ही फल देते हैं और मनुष्ययोनिमें किये हुए कर्मोका फल मरनेके बाद मिला करता है, अतः पुत्रि! तू मरनेके बाद तपस्याका फल प्राप्त करेगी ॥ ३७॥ पितरोंके इस प्रकार कहनेपर उसने अपने पितरोंको प्रसन्न किया। तब उन लोगोंने दयापूर्वक उसके कल्याणके विषयमें विचार किया॥ ३८ ॥ वे अवश्य होनेवाली घटनाको जानकर उससे कहने लगे--'जब यह महात्मा वसु मृत्युलोकमें मनुष्ययोनिमें उत्पन्न होगा, तब तू इस राजाकी कन्या होगी। इस प्रकार इसकी कन्या बनकर तू फिर अपने दुर्लभ लोकोंको प्राप्त करेगी॥ ३९-४० ॥ तू पराशर ऋषिका वंशधर पुत्र उत्पन्न करेगी। वह ब्रह्मर्षि एक वेदको चार भागोंमें विभक्त करेगा। फिर तू (जो) महाभिष शन्तनु नामवाले राजाकी कीर्तिको बढ़ानेवाले दो पुत्रोंको उत्पन्न करेगी, उनमेंसे एक धर्मज्ञ पुत्रका नाम विचित्रवीर्य होगा और दूसरे

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 36

तेषु तत्र कृपां चक्रे ब्रह्मा लोकपिता महः ।नाभागस्य तु पुत्रौ द्वौ वैश्यौ ब्राह्मणतां गतौ करूषस्य तु कारूषाः क्षत्रिया युद्धदुर्मदाः

teṣu tatra kṛpāṃ cakre brahmā lokapitā mahaḥ | nābhāgasya tu putrau dvau vaiśyau brāhmaṇatāṃ gatau karūṣasya tu kārūṣāḥ kṣatriyā yuddhadurmadāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

कल्याणमय पुत्रका नाम चित्राड्भद ॥ ४१-४२ ॥ इन पुत्रोंको उत्पन्न करके तू अपने लोकोंमें फिर आ जायगी। पितरोंका व्यतिक्रम करनेके कारण तुझे कुत्सित जन्म मिलेगा तू इसी राजाके द्वारा अद्विकाके गर्भसे कन्यारूपमें उत्पन्न होगी और अट्टाईसवें द्वापरमें मछलीकी संतानके रूपमें प्रकट होगी॥ ४४ ॥ पितरोंके इस प्रकार कहनेपर वह राजा वसुकी पुत्री (बनकर) मत्स्ययोनिमें उत्पन्न हुई। वही दाशेयी (दाशराजकी पुत्री) तथा सत्यवती कहलाती है ९४ श्रीमहाभारते खिलभागे हरिवंशे

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 37

प्रांशोर् एको ऽभवत् पुत्रः प्रजापतिरिति श्रुतः ।पृषध्रो हिंसयित्वा तु गुरोर् गां जनमेजय शापाच् छूद्रत्वम् आपन्नो नवैते परिकीर्तिताः

prāṃśor eko 'bhavat putraḥ prajāpatiriti śrutaḥ | pṛṣadhro hiṃsayitvā tu guror gāṃ janamejaya śāpāc chūdratvam āpanno navaite parikīrtitāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तान् वै देवगणा: सर्वे यक्षगन्धर्वराक्षसा: । नागा: सर्पाः सुपर्णाश्ष भावयन्त्यमितौजस: (अब पितरोंके तीसरे गण बर्दिषदोंका वर्णन करते हैं--) स्वर्गमें वैश्राज नामके दर्शनीय लोक हैं। जहाँ बहिंषद् नामवाले चुलोक-विख्यात पितृगण निवास करते हैं॥४६॥ समस्त देवगण, यक्ष, गन्धर्व, राक्षस, नामवाले पितरों)-की उपासना करते हैं॥४७॥ ये और महात्मा हैं तथा महान् आत्मबलसे युक्त प्रजापति पुलस्त्यके पुत्र हैं॥४८॥ इन (बर्हिंषद् पितरों)-की मानसी कन्या पीवरी नामसे विख्यात है। पीवरी स्वयं योगिनी, योगीकी पत्नी तथा योगियोंकी माता है।

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 38

वैवस्वतस्य तनया मनोर् वैभरतर्षभ ।क्षुवतस् तु मनोस् तात इक्ष्वाकुर् अभवत् सुतः तस्य पुत्रशतं त्व् आसीद् इक्ष्वाकोर् भूरिदक्षिणम्

vaivasvatasya tanayā manor vaibharatarṣabha | kṣuvatas tu manos tāta ikṣvākur abhavat sutaḥ tasya putraśataṃ tv āsīd ikṣvākor bhūridakṣiṇam

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मधारिणी स्त्रियोंमें श्रेष्ठ यह पीवरी द्वापरमें उत्पन्न होनेवाली है। उसी युगमें पराशरके कुलमें व्यासजीके द्वारा अरणीसे आविर्भूत धूमरहित अग्निके समान प्रकाशमान्, महातपस्वी, महायोगी, द्विजश्रेष्ठ शुक उत्पन्न होंगे॥ ४९--५१॥ वे ही शुकदेव पितरोंकी इस कन्या पीवरीमें कृष्ण, गौर, प्रभु और शम्भु--इन चार महाबली योगाचार्य पुत्रों तथा ब्रह्मदत्तकी जननी और अणुहकी पत्नी कृत्वी नामवाली कनन्‍्याको उत्पन्न करेंगे॥५२- ५३॥ वे धर्मात्मा इन महाक्रतधारी योगाचार्योको उत्पन्न कर अपने पिता व्यासजीसे धर्मोका रहस्य सुनेंगे। गतिको प्राप्त होंगे। वह परमगति उद्देगरहित, कभी नष्ट न होनेवाला तथा सनातन ब्रह्मपदरूप है

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 39

तेषां विकुक्षिर् ज्येष्ठस् तु विकुक्षित्वाद् अयोधताम् प्राप्तः परमधर्मज्ञ सो ऽयोध्याधिपतिः प्रभुः

teṣāṃ vikukṣir jyeṣṭhas tu vikukṣitvād ayodhatām prāptaḥ paramadharmajña so 'yodhyādhipatiḥ prabhuḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुने। अमूर्तिमान् पितर धर्ममय शरीर धारण करनेवाले हैं। इन्हींस वृष्णि और अन्धक कुलोंसे सम्बन्ध रखनेवाली यह कथा आरम्भ होती है॥५६॥ सुकाल नामक पितर प्रजापति वसिष्ठके पुत्र हैं। वे दीप्तिमान् पितर स्वर्गमें सभी कामोपभोगोंसे परिपूर्ण तथा ज्योतिर्मय लोकोंमें निवास करते हैं। ब्राह्मणलोग उनकी आराधना करते हैं ॥५७॥ (मार्कण्डेयजी कहते हैं--भीष्म !) इन (सुकाल नामक पितरों)-की मानसी कन्या स्वर्गमें गौ नामसे विख्यात है। वह तुम्हारे ही वंशमें दी गयी है। तबैव वंशे या दत्ता शुकस्य महिषी प्रिया। वह शुककी प्रिया भार्या है। साध्योंकी कीर्ति बढ़ानेवाली एकश्रुड्रेति विख्याता साध्यानां कीर्तिवर्द्धिनी॥ ५८ वह गौ (यहाँ) एकश्रृज्ञा नामसे प्रसिद्ध है विश्राट् सूर्यगारायणका एक नाम है। उन विश्राट् सूर्यदेवके लोक वैभ्राज कहलाते हैं।

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 40

शकुनिप्रमुखास् तस्य पुत्राः पञ्चशतं स्मृताः उत्तरापथदेशस्य रक्षितारो विशां पते

śakunipramukhās tasya putrāḥ pañcaśataṃ smṛtāḥ uttarāpathadeśasya rakṣitāro viśāṃ pate

हिन्दी अर्थ

भवित्री द्वापरं प्राप्य युगं धर्मभूतां वरा। पराशरकुलोद्धूत: शुको नाम महातपा: कृष्णं गौरं प्रभुं शम्भुं कृत्वीं कन्यां तथेव च। ब्रह्मदत्तस्य जननीं महिषीं त्वणुहस्य च एतानुत्पाद्य धर्मात्मा योगाचार्यान् महाक्रतानू। श्रुत्वास्वजनकाद् धर्मान्व्यासादमितबुद्धिमान् चत्तत्पदमनुद्रिग्ममव्ययं ब्रह्म शाश्रतम्

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 41

चत्वारिंशद् अथास्टौ च दक्षिणस्यां तथा दिशि वसातिप्रमुखाश् चान्ये रक्षितारो विशां पते

catvāriṃśad athāsṭau ca dakṣiṇasyāṃ tathā diśi vasātipramukhāś cānye rakṣitāro viśāṃ pate

हिन्दी अर्थ

अमूर्तिमन्तः पितरो धर्ममूर्तिधरा मुने। कथा यत्रेयमुत्पन्ना वृष्ण्यन्धककुलान्वया सुकाला नाम पितरो वसिष्ठस्य प्रजापते:। निरता दिवि लोकेषु ज्योतिर्भासिषु भासुरा: । सर्वकामसमृद्धेषु द्विजास्तानू भावयन्त्युत मरीचिगर्भास्ताल्लोकान् समाशभ्रित्य व्यवस्थिता:। तस्य यज्ञे पुरा गीता गाथा: प्रीतैर्महर्षिभि: । तदा देवयुगे तात वाजिमेधे महामखे

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 42

इक्ष्वाकुस् तु विकुक्षिं वै अष्टकायाम् अथादिशत् ।मांसम् आनय श्राद्धार्थं मृगान् हत्वा महाबल ।श्राद्धकर्मणि चोद्दिष्टे अकृते श्राद्धकर्मणि भक्षयित्वा शशं तात शशादो मृगयां गतः

ikṣvākus tu vikukṣiṃ vai aṣṭakāyām athādiśat | māṃsam ānaya śrāddhārthaṃ mṛgān hatvā mahābala | śrāddhakarmaṇi coddiṣṭe akṛte śrāddhakarmaṇi bhakṣayitvā śaśaṃ tāta śaśādo mṛgayāṃ gataḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुस्वधा नाम पितरः कर्दमस्य प्रजापते:। समुत्पन्नास्तु पुलहान्महात्मानो द्विजर्षभा: लोकेषु दिवि वर्तन्ते कामगेषु विहड़मा:। तांश्व वैश्यगणास्तात भावयन्ति फलार्थिन: ययातेर्जननी ब्रह्मन् महिषी नहुषस्थ च मानसा नाम ते लोका यत्र तिष्ठन्ति ते दिवि। तेषां वे मानसी कन्या नर्मदा सरितां वरा

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 43

इक्ष्वाकुणा परित्यक्तो वसिष्ठवचनात् प्रभुः शशादनाच् छशादो ऽभूच् छशादो वनमाविशत् ।इक्ष्वाकौ संस्थिते तात शशादः पुरम् आवसत्

ikṣvākuṇā parityakto vasiṣṭhavacanāt prabhuḥ śaśādanāc chaśādo 'bhūc chaśādo vanamāviśat | ikṣvākau saṃsthite tāta śaśādaḥ puram āvasat

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रवर्तवति श्राद्धानि नष्टे धर्मे प्रजापति: (अब क्षत्रियोंद्वारा पूज्य आज्धिरस पितरोंका वर्णन करते हैं-) पहले जिनका साध्योंने पोषण किया था, वे अड्विरा ऋषिके पुत्र आद्रिरस पितर सूर्यकी किरणोंसे प्रकाशित होनेवाले लोकोंका आश्रय लेकर रहते हैं॥५९॥ तात! फल चाहनेवाले क्षत्रिय लोग उन (आड्विरस पितरों)-का पूजन करते हैं। उन (आड्धिरस पितरों)-की मानसी कन्या यशोदा नामसे प्रसिद्ध है वह विश्वमहान्की पत्नी, वृद्धशर्माकी पुत्रवधू एवं राजर्षि महात्मा दिलीपकी माता है॥६१॥ तात! उस समय देवयुगमें उस. (दिलीप)-के अश्वमेध नामक महायज्ञमें महर्षियोंने प्रसन्न होकर यह गाथा गायी थी-- ॥ ६२॥ जो

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 44

प्राप्तः परमधर्मात्मा यो ऽयोध्याधिपतिक्रियाम् ।अयोधस्य तु दायादः ककुत्स्थो नाम वीर्यवान् इन्द्रस्य वृषभूतस्य ककुत्स्थो ऽजयतासुरान् ।पूर्वम् आडीबके युद्धे ककुत्स्थस् तेन स स्मृतः ।अनेनास् तु ककुत्स्थस्य पृथुर् आनेनसः स्मृतः

prāptaḥ paramadharmātmā yo 'yodhyādhipatikriyām | ayodhasya tu dāyādaḥ kakutstho nāma vīryavān indrasya vṛṣabhūtasya kakutstho 'jayatāsurān | pūrvam āḍībake yuddhe kakutsthas tena sa smṛtaḥ | anenās tu kakutsthasya pṛthur ānenasaḥ smṛtaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनुष्य चित्तको एकाग्र करके शाण्डिल्यगोत्रमें उत्पन्न महात्मा अग्नरिके जन्मको सुनकर सत्यवादी महात्मा दिलीपको यज्ञ करते देखते हैं, वे भी स्वर्गकों जीत लेंगे॥६३॥ कर्दम प्रजापतिके सुस्वधा नामवाले पितर हैं, जो ब्राह्मणोंमें श्रेष्ठ और महान् आत्मबलसे सम्पन्न हैं तथा महर्षि पुलहसे उत्पन्न हुए हैं॥ ६४ ॥ तात ! ये आकाशमें विचरण करनेवाले (सुस्वधा संज्ञक पितर) स्वर्गमें इच्छानुसार सब कामनाओंकोी पूर्ति करनेवाले लोकोंमें रहते हैं। फल-कामुक वैश्यगण इनकी उपासना करते हैं॥ ६५ ॥ (सनत्कुमारजी कहते हैं--) ब्रह्मन्! उनकी मानसी कन्या विरजा नामसे प्रसिद्ध है। वह ययातिकी माता और नहुषकी पत्नी है॥६६॥ यह मैंने मनुष्यपूज्य पितरोंके तीन गणोंका वर्णन कर दिया। अब चौथे गणका वर्णन सुनो। ये पितृगण कविकी पुत्री स्वधाके गर्भसे उत्पन्न हुए पुत्र हैं और सोमपा कहलाते हैं। ये अग्निके आत्मज हैं। शूद्र इनकी उपासना करते हैं॥६७॥ वे

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 45

विष्टराश्वः पृथोः पुत्रस् तस्माद् आर्द्रस् त्व् अजायत आर्द्रस्य युवनाश्वस् तु श्रावस्तस् तस्य चात्मजस्

viṣṭarāśvaḥ pṛthoḥ putras tasmād ārdras tv ajāyata ārdrasya yuvanāśvas tu śrāvastas tasya cātmajas

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वर्गमें जिन लोकोंमें निवास करते हैं, वे मानसलोक कहलाते हैं। उनकी मानसी कन्या नर्मदा कहलाती है, जो नदियोंमें श्रेष्ठ है॥६८॥ वह दक्षिणापथकी ओर बहकर प्राणियोंको पवित्र करती है। वह पुरुकुत्सकी पत्नी और त्रसहस्युकी माता है॥६९॥ तात! प्रजापति मनु प्रत्येक युगके आरम्भमें इन पितरोंको पूज्य समझकर लुप्त हुए श्राद्ध-धर्मका उद्धार करनेके लिये श्राद्धोंको फिर प्रचलित किया करते हैं तस्मादेनं स्वधर्मेण श्राद्धदेवं वदन्ति बै देवकार्यादपि मुने पितृकार्य विशिष्यते

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 46

जज्ञे श्रावस्तको राजा श्रावस्ती येन निर्मिता श्रावस्तस्य तु दायादो बृहदश्वो महीपतिः

jajñe śrāvastako rājā śrāvastī yena nirmitā śrāvastasya tu dāyādo bṛhadaśvo mahīpatiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

शीघ्रप्रसादा हाक्रोधा लोकस्याप्यायनं परम् स एवमुक्त्वा देवेशो मामुपस्थितमग्रतः चक्षुर्दत््ता सविज्ञानं देवानामपि दुर्लभम्। जगाम गतिमिष्टां वे द्वितीयोउग्रिरिव ज्वलन् प्रसादात् तस्य देवस्य दुर्ज्ेयं भुवि मानुषै:

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 47

कुवलाश्वः सुतस् तस्य ट्राजा परमधार्मिकः यः स धुन्धुवधाद् राजा धुन्धुमारत्वम् आगतः

kuvalāśvaḥ sutas tasya ṭrājā paramadhārmikaḥ yaḥ sa dhundhuvadhād rājā dhundhumāratvam āgataḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

द्विजसत्तम ! (यम) इन सब सात प्रकारके पितरोंके आदियमें उत्पन्न होते हैं और ये अपने धर्मके प्रवर्तक हैं। इस कारण इनको श्राद्धदेव कहते हैं इन सब पितरोंको चाँदीका या चाँदी मिला हुआ पात्र तथा 'स्वधा पितृभ्य:” कहकर दिया हुआ श्राद्ध तृप्ति एवं प्रसन्नता प्रदान करता है॥७२॥ जो मनुष्य सोम, अग्नि और वैवस्वत यमका आप्यायन करके फिर अग्निमें उदगायन करता है अथवा अग्रिके अभागवमें जलमें उदगायन करके पितरोंको भक्तिपूर्वक तृत्त करता है, उसे पितर तृप्त करते हैं तथा बहुत-सी संतान, प्रदान करते हैं। मुने! पितृकार्य देवकार्यसे भी श्रेष्ठ है॥ ७३--७५ ॥ पितर आप्यायन (तृप्त) करनेपर देवताओंसे भी पहले प्रसन्न हो जाते हैं। ये पितर शीघ्र प्रसन्न होनेवाले तथा क्रोधरहित हैं और लोकोंको प्रसन्न

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 48

धुन्धोर् वधम् अहं ब्रह्मञ् श्रोतुम् इच्छामि तत्त्वतः यदर्थं कुवलाश्वः सन् धुन्धुमारत्वम् आगतः

dhundhor vadham ahaṃ brahmañ śrotum icchāmi tattvataḥ yadarthaṃ kuvalāśvaḥ san dhundhumāratvam āgataḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

रखनेवाले हैं ॥७६॥ (सनत्कुमारजी मार्कण्डेय ऋषिसे कहते हैं--) भार्गव! पितरोंका प्रसाद सदा स्थिर रहनेवाला होता है, इसलिये तुम उन्हें प्रणाम किया करो। विप्रर्षे! तुम पितरोंके भक्त हो और मेरे तो बहुत बड़े भक्त हो॥७७॥ निष्पाप महर्षे ! इसलिये मैं आज तुम्हारा कल्याण करूँगा, उसे तुम स्वयं प्रत्यक्ष देख लो। मैं तुम्हें विज्ञाससहित दिव्य नेत्र प्रदान करता हूँ॥ ७८॥ मार्कण्डेय! अब तुम (श्राद्धेके फलरूपमें मिलनेवाली) इस गतिको सावधान होकर देखो। तुम- जैसा सिद्ध पुरुष भी इस मांसमय चश्लुसे योगियोंकी दिव्य गतिको और पितरोंकी परा गतिको नहीं देख सकता। यों कहकर वे देवेश सामने खड़े हुए मुझको द्वितीय अग्निके समान प्रकाशित होते हुए अपने इष्ट- स्थानको चले गये॥७९--८१॥ कुरुश्रेष्ठ भीष्म! उन

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 49

बृहदश्वस्य पुत्राणां शतम् उत्तमधन्विनाम् सर्वे विद्यासु निष्णाता बलवन्तो दुरासदाः ।बभूवाथ पिता राज्ये कुवलाश्वं न्ययोजयत्

bṛhadaśvasya putrāṇāṃ śatam uttamadhanvinām sarve vidyāsu niṣṇātā balavanto durāsadāḥ | babhūvātha pitā rājye kuvalāśvaṃ nyayojayat

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुनो। पृथिवीमें उस घटनाका जानना मनुष्योंके लिये महा कठिन है इति श्रीमहाभारते खिलभागे हरिवंशे हरिवंशपर्वणि पितृकल्पे अष्टादशो5ध्याय: इस प्रकार श्रीयहाभारत खिलभाग हरिवंशके अन्तर्गत हरिवंशपर्वमें पितृकल्पविषयक अठारहवाँ अध्याय पूरा हुआ एकोनविंशो5ध्यायः

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 50

यज्वानो भूरिदक्षिणाः ।कुवलाश्वं सुतं राज्ये ।पुत्रसंक्रामितश्रीस् तु वनं राजा समाविशत् तम् उत्तङ्को ऽथ विप्रर्षिः प्रयान्तं प्रत्यवारयत्

yajvāno bhūridakṣiṇāḥ |kuvalāśvaṃ sutaṃ rājye | putrasaṃkrāmitaśrīs tu vanaṃ rājā samāviśat tam uttaṅko 'tha viprarṣiḥ prayāntaṃ pratyavārayat

हिन्दी अर्थ

पितृकल्प-- भरद्वाजके पुत्रोंकी कथा, योगश्रष्ट पुरुषोंकी गति, योगसिद्धधिके अधिकारी पुरुषोंके लक्षण तथा मार्कण्डेय-सनत्कुमार-संवादकी समाप्ति योगधर्ममनृप्राप्प भ्रष्टा दुश्चवरेतेन वै अपभ्रंशमनृप्राप्ता. योगधर्मापचारिण:। अप्राप्य योगं ते सर्वे संयुक्ता: कालधर्मणा

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 51

भवता रक्षणं कार्यं तत् तावत् कर्तुम् अर्हसि निरुद्विग्नस् तपश् चर्तुं न हि शक्नोमि पार्थिव

bhavatā rakṣaṇaṃ kāryaṃ tat tāvat kartum arhasi nirudvignas tapaś cartuṃ na hi śaknomi pārthiva

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततस्ते योगविश्रष्टा देवेषु सुचिरोषिता:। जाता: कौशिकदायादाः कुरुक्षेत्रे नरर्षभा: हिंसया विहरिष्यन्तो धर्म पितृकृतेन वै। ततस्ते पुनराजातिं भ्रष्टा: प्राप्स्यन्ति कुत्सिताम् ते धर्मचारिणो नित्यं भविष्यन्ति समाहिताः । ब्राह्मण्यं प्रतिलप्स्यन्ति ततो भूयः स्वकर्मणा एवं धर्मे च ते बुद्धिर्भविष्यति पुनः पुनः। योगधर्मे च नितरां प्राप्स्यसे बुद्धिमुत्तमाम्

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 52

त्वया हि पृथिवी राजन् रक्ष्यमाणामहात्मना ।भविष्यति निरुद्विग्ना नारण्यं गन्तुम् अर्हसि ॥ पालने हि महान् धर्मः प्रजानाम् इह दृश्यते ।न तथा दृश्यते ऽरण्ये मा ते भूद् बुद्धिर् ईदृशी ॥ ईदृशो न हि राजेन्द्र धर्मः क्व चन दृश्यते ।प्रजानां पालने यो वै पुरा राजर्षिभिः कृतः ।रक्षितव्याः प्रजा राज्ञा तास् त्वं रक्षितुम् अर्हसि ।ममाश्रमसमीपे वै समेषु मरुधन्वसु समुद्रो वालुकापूर्ण उज्जानक इति स्मृतः

tvayā hi pṛthivī rājan rakṣyamāṇāmahātmanā | bhaviṣyati nirudvignā nāraṇyaṃ gantum arhasi || pālane hi mahān dharmaḥ prajānām iha dṛśyate | na tathā dṛśyate 'raṇye mā te bhūd buddhir īdṛśī || īdṛśo na hi rājendra dharmaḥ kva cana dṛśyate | prajānāṃ pālane yo vai purā rājarṣibhiḥ kṛtaḥ | rakṣitavyāḥ prajā rājñā tās tvaṃ rakṣitum arhasi | mamāśramasamīpe vai sameṣu marudhanvasu samudro vālukāpūrṇa ujjānaka iti smṛtaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

अधर्मेष्वेव वर्तन्ते प्रार्दयन्ते गुरूनपि मार्कण्डेयजी कहते हैं-- (सनत्कुमारजीने अन्तर्धान होनेसे पहले मुझसे इस प्रकार कहा--) तात! पूर्वयुगमें कुछ ब्राह्मण रहते थे, जो भरद्वाजके पुत्र थे। वे योगधर्मका सेवन करते-करते दुराचारमें फँस जानेके कारण (स्वर्गसे) भ्रष्ट हो गये थे॥ १॥ बे योगधर्मका उल्लड्डन करनेवाले ब्राह्मण अचेतन-से होकर महान् मानसरोवरके तटपर आकर गिरे॥ २॥ वे सभी जलमें डूबते हुए पुरुषके समान मोहमें पड़ गये और उसी योगविषयका विचार करते-करते योगके तत्त्वको बिना

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 53

देवतानाम् अवध्यश् च महाकायो महाबलः अन्तर्भूमिगतस् तत्र वालुकान्तर्हितो महान्

devatānām avadhyaś ca mahākāyo mahābalaḥ antarbhūmigatas tatra vālukāntarhito mahān

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुत्र, जो दीर्घकालतक देवताओंमें रह चुके हैं, कुरुक्षेत्रमें कौशिकके पुत्र बनकर उत्पन्न होंगे॥४॥ वे (ब्राह्मण होनेपर भी) पितरोंके लिये धर्म (श्राद्ध)-के बहाने हिंसा करेंगे, फिर वह हिंसारूपी पाप करनेके कारण भ्रष्ट होकर कुत्सित योनिमें उत्पन्न होंगे॥ ५॥ परंतु पूर्वजन्मके पितरोंकी कृपाके कारण उस-उस निन्दित योनिमें उत्पन्न होनेपर भी उनको पूर्वजन्मकी स्मृति बनी रहेगी॥६॥ वे प्रत्येक जन्ममें धर्मात्मा रहकर अपने चित्तको सावधान रखेंगे और (अन्तमें) अपने कर्मवश फिर ब्राह्मणत्वको प्राप्त कर लेंगे॥७॥ उस जन्ममें वे पुनः अपने पूर्वजन्मके योगको पायेंगे और फिर सिद्धिको पाकर शाश्वत स्थानको प्राप्त करेंगे॥ ८॥ इसी प्रकार तुम्हारी बुद्धि भी बास्म्बार धर्ममें ही लगी रहेगी और तुम्हें योगधर्मके विषयमें सब प्रकारसे उत्तम बुद्धि प्राप्त होगी॥ ९॥ अल्पबुद्धि मनुष्योंको योगसिद्धि मिलना सदा दुर्लभ है। उन्हें कदाचित् योगसिद्धि मिल भी जाय

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 54

राक्षसस्य मधोः पुत्रो धुन्धुर् नाम सुदारुणः शेते लोकविनाशाय तप आस्थाय दारुणम्

rākṣasasya madhoḥ putro dhundhur nāma sudāruṇaḥ śete lokavināśāya tapa āsthāya dāruṇam

हिन्दी अर्थ

तो वे (मृगया आदि) व्यसनोंसे क्रूर होकर उसे नष्ट कर डालते हैं। वे अधर्मके कामोंमें ही लगे रहते हैं तथा अपने गुरुजनोंको भी कष्टमें डालते रहते हैं युक्ताहारविहाराश्न युक्तचेष्टा: स्वकर्मसु। ध्यानाध्ययनयुक्तांश्व न नष्टानुगवेषिण: न चर कामपरा नित्य॑ न विप्रासेविनस्तथा। योगधर्माद्ध्धि धर्मज्ञ न धर्मोडउस्ति विशेषवान्। वरिष्ठ: सर्वधर्माणां तमेवाचर भार्गव

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 55

संवत्सरस्य पर्यन्ते स निःश्वासं विमुञ्चति यदा तदा मही तात चलति स्म सकानना

saṃvatsarasya paryante sa niḥśvāsaṃ vimuñcati yadā tadā mahī tāta calati sma sakānanā

हिन्दी अर्थ

कालस्य परिणामेन लघ्वाहारो जितेन्द्रियः । तत्पर: प्रयतः श्राद्धी योगधर्ममवाप्स्यसि इत्युक्त्वा भगवान् देवस्तत्रैवान्तरधीयत। अष्टादशैव वर्षाणि त्वेकाहमिव मे5भवत् उपासतस्तं देवेशं वर्षाण्यष्टादशैव मे। प्रसादात् तस्य देवस्थ न ग्लानिरभवत् तदा न क्षुत्पिपासे काल॑ वा जानामि सम तदानघ। पश्चाच्छिष्यसकाशात् तु काल: संविदितो मया

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 56

तस्य निःश्वासवातेन रज उद्धूयते महत् आदित्यपथम् आवृत्य सप्ताहं भूमिकम्पनम्

tasya niḥśvāsavātena raja uddhūyate mahat ādityapatham āvṛtya saptāhaṃ bhūmikampanam

हिन्दी अर्थ

जो अयाच्यसे याचना नहीं करते, शरणागतोंकी रक्षा करते हैं, कृपण (दीन) पुरुषोंका अपमान नहीं करते तथा जो धनकी गर्मासे मदमत्त नहीं होते, जिनका आहार-विहार शास्त्रानुकूल होता है, जो अपने कर्मोमें शास्त्रानुसार चेष्टा करते हैं, ईश्वरके ध्यान तथा स्वाध्यायमें परायण रहते हैं, नष्ट हुई वस्तुको पानेके लिये चोर आदिको नहीं ढूँढ़ते, सर्वदा भोगमें ही लीन नहीं रहते, सर्वदा मधु-मांसका भक्षण नहीं करते और सर्वदा कामपरायण भी नहीं रहते तथा जो सर्वदा ब्राह्मणोंकी सेवा करते हैं, अनार्य पुरुषोंकी बातोंमें आसक्त नहीं होते, जिनको कभी आलस्य नहीं सताता, जो अत्यन्त अभिमानमें आसक्त नहीं रहते, सदा आत्ममीमांसा करनेमें लगे रहते हैं, ऐसे शानन्‍्त चित्तवाले, क्रोधको जीतनेवाले, मान तथा अहंकाररहित मनुष्योंको योगसिद्धि मिलती है; क्योंकि पृथ्वीमें योगकी प्राप्ति अति दुर्लभ है॥ ११--१५॥ ऐसे ब्रतोंका पालन करनेवाले मनुष्य

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 57

सविस्फुलिङ्गं साङ्गारं सधूमम् अतिदारुणम् तेन तात न शक्नोमि तस्मिन् स्थातुं स्व आश्रमे

savisphuliṅgaṃ sāṅgāraṃ sadhūmam atidāruṇam tena tāta na śaknomi tasmin sthātuṃ sva āśrame

हिन्दी अर्थ

ही कल्याणके पात्र होते हैं। तात! वे (भरद्वाजपुत्र) ऐसे ही ब्राह्मण बनकर उत्पन्न हुए हैं॥१६॥ वे अपने प्रमादवश हुए दोषका स्मरण करते रहते हैं और ध्यान तथा स्वाध्यायमें लगे रहकर शान्त मार्गमें स्थित रहते थे॥ १७॥ धर्मज्ञ भार्गव! योगधर्मसे श्रेष्ठ और कोई धर्म नहीं है। वह सभी धर्मोसे श्रेष्ठ है, अतः: तुम उसीका आचरण करो॥ १८॥ यदि तुम श्रद्धापूर्वक प्रयत्शील एवं योगधर्ममें परायण रहकर हलका भोजन करते हुए जितेन्द्रिय रहोगे तो कालक्रमसे तुम्हें योगसिद्धि प्राप्त हो जायगी॥ १९॥ (मार्कण्डेयजी कहते हैं कि) इतनी बातें कहकर भगवान् सनत्कुमार वहीं अन्तर्धान हो गये। ये (सनत्कुमारकी सेवामें बीते हुए) अठारह वर्ष मुझे एक दिनके समान प्रतीत हुए॥ २०॥ अठारह वर्षतक उन देवेशकी उपासना करते रहनेपर भी उनकी कृपाके कारण उस समय मुझे कुछ भी ग्लानि नहीं हुई

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 58

तं वारय महाकायं लोकानां हितकाम्यया लोकाः स्वस्था भवन्त्व् अद्य तस्मिन् विनिहते त्वया

taṃ vāraya mahākāyaṃ lokānāṃ hitakāmyayā lokāḥ svasthā bhavantv adya tasmin vinihate tvayā

हिन्दी अर्थ

निष्पाप! मुझे भूख, प्यास और समय आदि कुछ न मालूम हुआ। बादमें शिष्यके द्वारा मुझे समयका पता लगा इति श्रीमहाभारते खिलभागे हरिवंशे हरिवंशपर्वणि पितृकल्पे एकोनविंशो5ध्याय: इस प्रकार श्रीमहाभारत खिलभाग हरिवंशके अन्तर्गत हरिवंशपर्वयें पितृकल्पविषयक उन्नीसवाँ अध्याय पूरा हुआ पितृकल्प--ब्रह्मदत्त और उग्रायुधके वंश तथा पूजनीया चिड़ियाद्वारा शुक्रनीतिका वर्णन

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 59

त्वं हि तस्य वधायैकः समर्थः पृथिवीपते विष्णुना च वरो दत्तो मह्यं पूर्वं ततो ऽनध यस् तं महासुरंरौद्रं हनिष्यति महाबलम् ।स च विख्यातकीर्तिस् तु चक्रवर्ती नसंशयः ।तेजसा स्वेन ते विष्णुस् तेज आप्याययिष्यति

tvaṃ hi tasya vadhāyaikaḥ samarthaḥ pṛthivīpate viṣṇunā ca varo datto mahyaṃ pūrvaṃ tato 'nadha yas taṃ mahāsuraṃraudraṃ haniṣyati mahābalam | sa ca vikhyātakīrtis tu cakravartī nasaṃśayaḥ | tejasā svena te viṣṇus teja āpyāyayiṣyati

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मिन्नन्तर्हिते देवे वचनात् तस्य वै प्रभो: । चक्षु्दिव्यं सविज्ञानं प्रादुरासीत् तदा मम ततो5हं तानपश्यं बै ब्राह्मणान् कौशिकात्मजान्। आपगेय कुरुक्षेत्रे यानुबवाच विभुर्मम पितृवर्तीति विख्यातो नाम्ना शीलेन कर्मणा अणुहात् पार्थिवश्रेष्ठात् काम्पिल्ये नगरोत्तमे।

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 60

न हि धुन्धुर् महातेजास् तेजसाल्पेन शक्यते निर्दग्धुं पृथिवीपाल चिरं युगशतैर् अपि वीर्यं हि सुमहत् तस्य देवैर् अपि दुरासदम्

na hi dhundhur mahātejās tejasālpena śakyate nirdagdhuṃ pṛthivīpāla ciraṃ yugaśatair api vīryaṃ hi sumahat tasya devair api durāsadam

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्य वंशमहं राजन् कीर्तयिष्यामि तच्छुणु अणुहः कस्य वै पुत्र: कस्मिन् काले बभूव ह। राजा धर्मभृतां श्रेष्ठो यस्य पुत्रो महायशा: ब्रह्मदत्तो नरपतिः किंवीर्य: स बभूव ह। कथं च सप्तमस्तेषां स बभूव नराधिप: न ह्ाल्पवीर्याय शुको भगवाँल्लोकपूजित: । कन्यां प्रदद्याद् योगात्मा कृत्वीं कीर्तिमर्ती प्रभु:

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 61

स एवम् उक्तो राजर्षिर् उत्तङ्केन महात्मना कुवलाश्वं सुतं प्रादात् तस्मै धुन्धुनिबर्हणे

sa evam ukto rājarṣir uttaṅkena mahātmanā kuvalāśvaṃ sutaṃ prādāt tasmai dhundhunibarhaṇe

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतदिच्छाम्यहं श्रोतुं विस्तरेण महाद्युते। ब्रह्मदत्तस्य चरितं तद् भवान् वक्तुमहति प्रतीपस्य तु राजर्षेस्तुल्यकालो नराधिप:। पितामहस्य मे राजन् बभूवेति मया श्रुतम् मार्कण्डेयजी बोले--उन सनत्कुमारदेवके अन्तर्धान होनेपर उन्हीं प्रभुके वरदानसे मुझे दिव्य विज्ञानमय नेत्र कौशिक पुत्र ब्राह्मणोंको कुरुक्षेत्रमें देखा, जिनका विभु सनत्कुमारजीने मुझसे वर्णन किया था॥२॥ उन कुशिकपुत्रोंमें जो सातवाँ पितृवर्ती नामसे विख्यात ब्राह्मण था, वह अपने शील और कर्मसे (सातवें जन्ममें)

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 62

भगवन् न्यस्तशस्त्रो ऽहम् अयं तु तनयो मम भविष्यति द्विजश्रेष्ठ धुन्धुमारो न संशयः

bhagavan nyastaśastro 'ham ayaṃ tu tanayo mama bhaviṣyati dvijaśreṣṭha dhundhumāro na saṃśayaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रह्मदत्त नामक राजा हुआ॥ ३॥ काम्पिल्य नामक श्रेष्ठ नगरमें पार्थिवश्रेष्ठ अणुहके यहाँ शुककी कन्या कृत्वीके उदरसे राजा ब्रह्मदत्त उत्पन्न हुआ महातपस्वी मार्कण्डेयजीने जिस प्रकार मुझसे कहा था, (उसी तरह) मैं उस राजाके वंशका वर्णन करूँगा, तुम सुनो-- युधिष्ठिने पूछा--(पितामह!) जिनके पुत्र महायशस्वी (ब्रह्मदत्त) थे, धर्मात्माओंमें श्रेष्ठ वे राजा अणुह किनके पुत्र थे और किस समय उत्पन्न हुए थे?॥ ६॥ राजा ब्रह्मदत्तका पराक्रम कैसा था? और वे उन (भरद्वाजपुत्रों)-में सातवें कैसे थे ?॥७॥ लोकोंमें पूजनीय योगकी मूर्ति सर्वशक्तिसम्पन्न भगवान् शुकदेवजीने अपनी कीर्तिमती कन्या कृत्वीको किसी साधारण शक्तिवाले पुरुषके हाथमें नहीं दिया होगा॥ ८ ॥ महादुते ! मैं ब्रह्मदत्तके

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 63

स तं व्यादिश्य तनयं राजर्षिर् धुन्धुनिग्रहे जगाम पर्वतायैव तपसे संशितव्रतः

sa taṃ vyādiśya tanayaṃ rājarṣir dhundhunigrahe jagāma parvatāyaiva tapase saṃśitavrataḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

इस चरित्रको विस्तारपूर्वक सुनना चाहता हूँ, अत: आप उसका वर्णन कीजिये॥ ९॥ मार्कण्डेयजीने उन द्विजोंके संसारमें विचरण करनेका वृत्तान्त जिस प्रकार कहा हो, उसे आप उसी भाँति मुझसे कहिये भीष्मजीने कहा--राजन्! मैंने सुना है कि राजा ब्रह्मदत्त मेरे पितामह राजर्षि प्रतीपके समयमें ही हुए थे ब्रह्मदत्तो महाभागो योगी राजर्षिसत्तम:। रुतज्ञ: सर्वभूतानां सर्वभूतहिते रतः तस्य वंशमहं राजन् कीर्तयिष्यामि तच्छुणु। ब्रह्मदत्तस्य पौराणां पौरवस्य महात्मनः

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 64

कुवलाश्वस् तु पुत्राणां शतेन सह पार्तिवः प्रायाद् उत्तङ्कसहितो धुन्धोस् तस्य निबर्हणे

kuvalāśvas tu putrāṇāṃ śatena saha pārtivaḥ prāyād uttaṅkasahito dhundhos tasya nibarhaṇe

हिन्दी अर्थ

हस्तिनश्लापि दायादास्त्रय: परमधार्मिका: बृहद्धमेंति विख्यातो राजा परमधार्मिक:। सत्यजित् तनयस्तस्य विश्वजित् तस्य चात्मज: पुत्रो विश्वजितश्वापि सेनजित् पृथिवीपतिः । पुत्रा: सेनजितश्चासं श्रत्वारो लोकविश्रुता: रुचिरः श्रवेतकेतुश्च महिप्नारस्तथेव च। वत्सश्वावन्तको राजा यस्यैते परिवत्सका:

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 65

तम् आविशत् तदा विष्णुर् भगवांस् तेजसा प्रभुः उत्तङ्कस्य नियोगाद् वै लोकानां हितकाम्यया

tam āviśat tadā viṣṇur bhagavāṃs tejasā prabhuḥ uttaṅkasya niyogād vai lokānāṃ hitakāmyayā

हिन्दी अर्थ

रुचिरस्य तु दायादः पृथुसेनो महायशाः। पृथुसेनस्य पारस्तु पारान्नीपस्तु जज्ञिवान् नीपा इति समाख्याता राजानः सर्व एव ते तेषां वंशकरो राजा नीपानां कीर्तिवर्धनः। काम्पिल्ये समरो नाम सचेष्टसमरो 5भवत् पुत्रा: परमधर्मज्ञा: परपुत्र: पृथुर्बभौ

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 66

तस्मिन् प्रयाते दुर्धर्षे दिवि शब्दो महान् अभूत् एष श्रीमान् नृपसुतो धुन्धुमारो भविष्यति

tasmin prayāte durdharṣe divi śabdo mahān abhūt eṣa śrīmān nṛpasuto dhundhumāro bhaviṣyati

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रह्मदत्त सब प्राणियोंके हितमें लगे रहनेवाले, राजर्षियोंमें श्रेष्ठ, महाभाग्यवान् और योगी थे। वे सभी प्राणियोंकी बोली समझ लेते थे॥१२॥ जिन्होंने तपोबलसे वेदाज्रभूत शिक्षाका आविर्भाव करके वैदिक संहिताके मन्त्रोंका क्रमपाठ प्रचलित किया था, वे महायशस्वी योगाचार्य गालव ब्रह्मदत्तक सखा थे तथा योगात्मा कण्डरीक इन्हीं राजाके प्रधान मन्त्री थे इन सात भरद्वाजपुत्रोंके सात जातियोंमें सात बार जन्म हुए थे और ये सभी अमिततेजस्वी द्विज उन सम्पूर्ण जन्मान्तरोंमें एक-दूसरेके मित्र बने रहते थे। राजन! प्रकार मुझसे कहा था, उसी प्रकार मैं पुरुवंशियों एवं पुरुवंशी महात्मा ब्रह्मदत्तक वंशका वर्णन करता हूँ, उसे सुनो॥ १४-१५॥ बृहक््षत्रके पुत्र धार्मिक सुहोत्र हुए और सुहोत्रके भी पुत्र हस्ती हुए॥ १६॥ राजन! उन्होंने

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

अध्याय ९

श्लोक 67

दिव्यैर् माल्यैश् च तं देवाः समन्तात् समवाकिरन् देवदुन्दुभयश् चैव प्रणेदुर् भरतर्षभ

divyair mālyaiś ca taṃ devāḥ samantāt samavākiran devadundubhayaś caiva praṇedur bharatarṣabha

हिन्दी अर्थ

ही इस उत्तम हस्तिनापुरको बसाया था। हस्तीके भी तीन पुत्र हुए। अजमीढके धूमिनी नामकी पत्नीके गर्भसे बृहदिषु उत्पन्न हुए और बृहदिषुके पुत्र महायशस्वी बृहद्धनु हुए॥ १७-१८ ॥ वे परम धर्मात्मा राजा बृहद्धर्मा नामसे भी प्रसिद्ध थे। उनके पुत्र सत्यजित् हुए और सत्यजितूके पुत्र विश्वजित् हुए॥१९॥ विश्वजित्के भी पुत्र राजा सेनजितू हुए और सेनजित्के चार पुत्र हुए, जो समस्त विश्वमें विख्यात थे॥ २०॥ राजा (सेनजित्) अवन्तीमें रहते थे। उनके रुचिर, श्रवेतकेतु, महिय्नार और वत्स नामक (चार) पुत्र थे॥२१॥ रुचिरके पुत्र महायशस्वी पृथुसेन हुए। पृथुसेनके पार और पारके पुत्र नीप हुए॥२२॥ तात! नीपके परम पराक्रमी, बाहुशाली एवं महारथी सौ वीर पुत्र उत्पन्न हुए। राजेन्द्र !

English

Markandeya said:—"O my child, in the previous Yuga, the Brāhmanas, the sons of Bharadwāja, although carrying on Yoga practices, were polluted by their transgressions (1). On account of their degradation consequent upon the violation of Yoga practices they will remain in an unconscious state on the other side of the huge lake called Mānasa (2). Stupified by the thought that the transgressions (they had committed) had been washed away and having failed to attain to the state of union (with Brahman) they became invested with the characteristics of time⁴⁰ (3). And although they had deviated from the path of Yoga, they lived for a long time in the land of celestials. They will be born in the land of Kurus as foremost of men, the sons of Kushika (4). They will carry on religious practices by slaying creatures for the ancestral manes. And again being (thus) degraded they will come by the most inferior birth (5). On account of the favour of ancestral manes and their pristine birth they will have recollection of those inferior births (6). They will be of controlled minds and always carry on religious practices. And again by their own Karma they will acquire the status of Brāhmanas (7). They will then acquire the knowledge of unification (of the human soul with the divine soul) on account of their pristine birth. And then having attained perfection again they will acquire the eternal region (8). Thus you will repeatedly pay attention towards religion and acquire a most consummate mastery of Yoga (9). It is very difficult for men of limited understanding to acquire mastery of Yoga. If they happen to acquire it, that even is destroyed on account of their being contaminated by vices. Those who commit iniquities and torture their elders (also lose their Yoga) (10). Those, who do not beg by unfair means, who protect those seeking refuge with them, who do not disregard the poor, who are not elated with pride on account of their riches, who are of regular habits both as regards diet and other appetites, who energetically carry on their own work, who are bent upon carrying on meditation and studies, who do not seek to recover their stolen properties, who do not always seek enjoyments, who do not take meat or drink intoxicating liquors, who are not addicted to sexual pleasures, who serve the Brāhmanas, who do not take pleasure in impure conversation, who are not idle, who are not haughty and egoistic, such accomplished persons acquire Yoga, which it is so hard to acquire in this world. Persons of quiescent souls, who have mastered anger, who are shorn of egotism and pride and who are observant of vows, are crowned with blessings. Such were the Brāhmanas of that period (11-16). They used to remember their follies consequent upon their mistakes, engage in study and meditation and walk in the path of peace (17) There is no other religious rite, O you conversant with religion, superior to Yoga. It reigns supreme over all other religious observances. Practise it therefore, O descendant of Bhrigu (18). With the advancement of years, one, who lives upon restricted diet, who has mastered his senses and who is respectful, acquires Yoga" (19). Having said this the reverend Sanatkumāra disappeared therefrom. Eighteen years appeared to me as one day (20). Having worshipped that lord of deities for eighteen years, by the grace of that divine person, I did not suffer any pain (21). O sinless one, I did not feel then hunger and thirst nor (the progress of) time. Afterwards I learnt about time from my disciple (22).

स्रोत: https://gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de/gretil/corpustei/transformations/plaintext/sa_harivaMza.txt · प्राप्त 3/6/2026

पिछलाअध्याय 8अगलाअध्याय 10
शास्त्रीय प्रामाणिकता एवं पारदर्शकताSources & Interpretation

स्रोत, संस्करण एवं व्याख्या वर्गीकरण

धर्म ग्रंथ पर मूल शास्त्र, पारंपरिक भाष्य और आधुनिक व्याख्या को पूर्णतः पृथक रखा जाता है ताकि पाठक को किसी भी व्याख्या के शास्त्र होने का भ्रम न हो।

सामग्री वर्गीकरण संकेत (Epistemic Content Labels)

६ स्तरिय प्रमाण व्यवस्था
मूल पाठOriginal text

अपौरुषेय / प्रामाणिक शास्त्र (Primary Canonical Scripture)

मूल संस्कृत, प्राकृत अथवा अवधी श्लोक/मंत्र। यह सर्वोच्च प्रमाण (प्रस्थान) है। इस पाठ में किसी भी आधुनिक व्याख्याकार का हस्तक्षेप नहीं है।

शाब्दिक अनुवादLiteral translation

पदार्थ व अन्वय (Direct Grammatical & Word-for-Word Meaning)

व्याकरणसम्मत प्रत्यक्ष शब्दार्थ (अन्वय)। बिना किसी दार्शनिक संप्रदाय के पूर्वाग्रह के, संस्कृत शब्दों का सटीक भाषांतर।

पारंपरिक भाष्यTraditional commentary

आचार्य परंपरा व टीका (Classical Lineage Commentary)

प्राचीन आचार्य परंपरा (यथा शंकराचार्य, रामानुजाचार्य, मध्वाचार्य, श्रीधर स्वामी) द्वारा विरचित शास्त्रीय भाष्य व टीकाएं।

सरल व्याख्याSimple explanation

भावार्थ व सुबोध प्रबोधन (Accessible Pedagogical Exposition)

आधुनिक जिज्ञासुओं के लिए सरल भाषा में भावार्थ। यह मूल मंत्र नहीं, बल्कि पाठ को सुगम बनाने हेतु संपादकीय व्याख्या है।

आधुनिक चिंतनModern reflection

समसामयिक विमर्श व अनुप्रयोग (Contemporary Application & Analysis)

दार्शनिक, मनोवैज्ञानिक व वैज्ञानिक समरूपताओं पर आधुनिक चिंतन। यह मूल शास्त्र का अंग नहीं है और इसे शास्त्रोक्त सिद्धांत के रूप में नहीं देखा जाना चाहिए।

शोध टिप्पणीResearch note

पांडुलिपि एवं ऐतिहासिक शोध (Critical Apparatus & Manuscript Research)

पांडुलिपि विविधताएं, पाठ-भेद (variant readings), छंद रचना, और ऐतिहासिक व तुलनात्मक भाषावैज्ञानिक शोध। यह शास्त्र का मूल संदेश बदलने हेतु नहीं, बल्कि पाठ की प्रामाणिकता परखने के लिए है।

पहचानकर्ता:Harivamsha Purana — Chapter 9
संस्कृत संस्करण:Imported text; printed edition not recorded

Digitised text taken from the archive linked below. It has not been collated against a printed edition by this site.

पुरालेखागार / स्रोत:Open Sanskrit text archives (see the source link)
गणना पद्धति:

Numbering follows the imported source and may differ from other editions.