Mahabharata· Mahābhārata
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अध्याय 14 / 18

Ashvamedha Parva

अश्वमेधपर्व

2743 श्लोकभाग 5/13 · श्लोक 36.1–44.21WhatsApp

पूर्ण अध्याय पाठ229 श्लोक

श्लोक पर जाएं:

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.1

[बर] तद अव्यक्तम अनुद्रिक्तं सर्वव्यापि धरुवं सथिरम नवद्वारं पुरं विद्यात तरिगुणं पञ्च धातुकम

[bara] tada avyaktama anudriktaṃ sarvavyāpi dharuvaṃ sathirama navadvāraṃ puraṃ vidyāta tariguṇaṃ pañca dhātukama

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्यको ग्रहण करती है

English

"--The Brahmana said, The acts, good and bad, that a Jiva does are not subject to destruction. Upon attainment of body after body, those acts produce fruits corresponding with them, l As a fruit-bearing tree, when the season comes of productivity, yields a large quantity of fruit, similarly merit, achieved with a pure heart, yields a large crop (of felicity). After the same fashion, sin, done with a sinful heart, produces a large crop of misery. The Soul (or Jiva), placing the mind ahead, addresses himself to action. Hear then how Jiva, equipt with all his acts and overwhelmed with lust and wrath, enters the womb. The vital seed, mixed with blood, enters the womb of females and becomes the field (of Jiva), good or bad, born of (his) acts. In consequence of his subtlety and the condition of being unmanifest, Jiva does not become attached to anything even after attaining to a body. Therefore, he is called Eternal Brahman. 2 That (viz., Jiva or Brahman) is the seed of all creatures. It is in consequence of Him that living creatures live. That Jiva, entering all the limbs of the foetus part by part, accepting the attribute of mind, and residing within all the regions that belong to Prana, supports (life). In consequence of this, the foetus becoming endued with mind begins to move its limbs. 3 As liquified iron, poured (into a mould), takes the form of the mould, know that the entrance of Jiva into the foetus is even such. As fire, entering a mass of iron, heats it greatly, do thou know that the manifestation of Jiva in the foetus is such. As a lamp, burning in a room, discovers (all things within it), after the

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.2

एकादश परिक्षेपं मनॊ वयाकरणात्मकम बुद्धिस्वामिकम इत्य एतत परम एकादशं भवेत

ekādaśa parikṣepaṃ manò vayākaraṇātmakama buddhisvāmikama itya etata parama ekādaśaṃ bhaveta

हिन्दी अर्थ

काम, क्रोध, जरा और मृत्युसे ग्रस्त नहीं होता

English

The eleven-fold circle: the mind, whose essence is working things out, with the intellect as its master, is the highest eleventh.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.3

तरीणि सरॊतांसि यान्य अस्मिन्न आप्यायन्ते पुनः पुनः परणाड्यस तिस्र एवैताः परवर्तन्ते गुणात्मिकाः

tarīṇi saròtāṃsi yānya asminna āpyāyante punaḥ punaḥ paraṇāḍyasa tisra evaitāḥ paravartante guṇātmikāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

मन्त्रयस्वैनमुन्नीय परवन्तं विशेषत:

English

The three streams that are fed again and again in it, those three channels, move as consisting of the qualities.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.4

तमॊ रजस तथा सत्त्वं गुणान एतान परचक्षते अन्यॊन्यमिथुनाः सर्वे तथान्यॊन्यानुजीविनः

tamò rajasa tathā sattvaṃ guṇāna etāna paracakṣate anyònyamithunāḥ sarve tathānyònyānujīvinaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

शक्यं बहुविध॑ कर्तु भवता कार्यदूषणम्

English

Darkness, passion and goodness they call the qualities; all are mutually coupled and mutually live on one another.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.5

अन्यॊन्यापाश्रयाश चैव तथान्यॊन्यानुवर्तिनः अन्यॊन्यव्यतिषक्ताश च तरिगुणाः पञ्च धातवः

anyònyāpāśrayāśa caiva tathānyònyānuvartinaḥ anyònyavyatiṣaktāśa ca tariguṇāḥ pañca dhātavaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

कार्य-दोष सम्पादित हो सकते हैं

English

They depend on one another and follow one another, mixed together: the three qualities and the five elements.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.6

तमसॊ मिथुनं सत्त्वं सत्त्वस्य मिथुनं रजः रजसश चापि सत्त्वं सयात सत्त्वस्य मिथुनं तमः

tamasò mithunaṃ sattvaṃ sattvasya mithunaṃ rajaḥ rajasaśa cāpi sattvaṃ sayāta sattvasya mithunaṃ tamaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रत्यक्षत: साधयामो न परोक्षमुपास्महे

English

The couple of darkness is goodness; the couple of goodness is passion; passion's partner is goodness, and goodness's partner is darkness.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.7

नियम्यते तमॊ यत्र रजस तत्र परवर्तते नियम्यते रजॊ यत्र सत्त्वं तत्र परवर्तते

niyamyate tamò yatra rajasa tatra paravartate niyamyate rajò yatra sattvaṃ tatra paravartate

हिन्दी अर्थ

साधक हैं, परोक्षकी उपासना नहीं करते हैं

English

Where darkness is restrained, passion goes on; where passion is restrained, goodness goes on.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.8

नैशात्मकं तमॊ विद्यात तरिगुणं मॊहसंज्ञितम अधर्मलक्षणं चैव नियतं पापकर्मसु

naiśātmakaṃ tamò vidyāta tariguṇaṃ mòhasaṃjñitama adharmalakṣaṇaṃ caiva niyataṃ pāpakarmasu

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्योतिषां पश्यसे रूप॑ स्पृशस्यनिलजान् गुणान्

English

Know darkness as of the nature of night, threefold, called delusion, marked by unrighteousness, fixed in sinful acts.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.9

परवृत्त्य आत्मकम एवाहू रजः पर्याय कारकम परवृत्तं सर्वभूतेषु दृश्यतॊत्पत्तिलक्षणम

paravṛttya ātmakama evāhū rajaḥ paryāya kārakama paravṛttaṃ sarvabhūteṣu dṛśyatòtpattilakṣaṇama

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वाण्येतानि भूतानि प्राणा इति च मन्यसे

English

They say passion is of the nature of activity, causing alternation, seen in all beings, marked by origination.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.10

परकाशं सर्वभूतेषु लाघवं शरद्दधानता सात्त्विकं रूपम एवं तु लाघवं साधु संमितम

parakāśaṃ sarvabhūteṣu lāghavaṃ śaraddadhānatā sāttvikaṃ rūpama evaṃ tu lāghavaṃ sādhu saṃmitama

हिन्दी अर्थ

सप्त सप्तर्षय: सिद्धा वसिष्ठप्रमुखै:ः सह

English

same manner mind discovers the different limbs of the body, i Whatever acts, good or bad, Jiva does in a former body, have certainly to be enjoyed or endured by him. By such enjoyment and endurance former acts are exhausted, and other acts, again, accumulate, till Jiva succeed in acquiring a knowledge of the duties included in that contemplation which leads to Emancipation. Regarding this, I shall tell thee those acts by which Jiva, O best of men, while coursing through a repeated round of re-births, becomes happy, Gifts, observances of austerity, Brahmacharyya, bearing Brahman according to the ordinances laid down, self-restraint, tranquillity, compassion for all creatures, restraint of passions, abstentions from cruelty as also from appropriating what belongs to others, refraining from doing even mentally all acts that are false and injurious to living creatures on the Earth, reverently serving mother and father, honouring deities and guests, worship of preceptors, pity, purity, constant restraint of all organs, and causing of all good acts, are said to constitute the conduct of the good. From observance of such conduct, arises Righteousness which protects all creatures eternally. Such conduct one would always behold among persons that are good. Verily, such conduct resides there eternally. That course of practices to which persons of tranquil souls adhere indicates Righteousness. Among them is thrown that course of practices which constitutes eternal Righteousness. He who would betake himself to that Righteousness would never have to attain to a miserable end. It is by the conduct of the good that the world is restrained in the paths of Righteousness when it falls away. He that is a Yogin is Emancipated,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.11

एतेषां गुणतत्त्वं हि वक्ष्यते हेत्वहेतुभिः समास वयास युक्तानि तत्त्वतस तानि वित्तमे

eteṣāṃ guṇatattvaṃ hi vakṣyate hetvahetubhiḥ samāsa vayāsa yuktāni tattvatasa tāni vittame

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवमेवानुवर्तन्ते सप्त ज्योतींषि भास्करम्

English

The nature of these qualities will be told by reasons and non-reasons, in brief and in detail; learn them truly.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.12

संमॊहॊ ऽजञानम अत्यागः कर्मणाम अविनिर्णयः सवप्नः सतम्भॊ भयं लॊभः शॊकः सुकृतदूषणम

saṃmòhò 'jañānama atyāgaḥ karmaṇāma avinirṇayaḥ savapnaḥ satambhò bhayaṃ lòbhaḥ śòkaḥ sukṛtadūṣaṇama

हिन्दी अर्थ

आत्मारूपी सूर्यका ही अनुसरण करती हैं

English

Bewilderment, ignorance, non-renunciation, indecision about acts, sleep, stiffness, fear, greed, grief, disparagement of good deeds,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.13

अस्मृतिश चाविपाकश च नास्तिक्यं भिन्नवृत्तिता निर्विशेषत्वम अन्धत्वं जघन्यगुणवृत्तिता

asmṛtiśa cāvipākaśa ca nāstikyaṃ bhinnavṛttitā nirviśeṣatvama andhatvaṃ jaghanyaguṇavṛttitā

हिन्दी अर्थ

नद्यश्न सरितो वारि वहन्त्यो ब्रह्म॒ुसम्भवम्

English

forgetfulness, non-ripening, unbelief, divided conduct, lack of distinction, blindness, conduct of base qualities,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.14

अकृते कृतमानित्वम अज्ञाने जञानमानिता अमैत्री विकृतॊ भावॊ अश्रद्धा मूढ भावना

akṛte kṛtamānitvama ajñāne jañānamānitā amaitrī vikṛtò bhāvò aśraddhā mūḍha bhāvanā

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वात्मतृप्ता यतो यान्ति साक्षादेव पितामहम्

English

pride in what is not done, pride of knowledge in ignorance, unfriendliness, distorted mind, faithlessness, deluded thought,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.15

अनार्जवम असंज्ञत्वं कर्म पापम अचेतना गुरुत्वं सन्नभावत्वम असितत्वम अवाग गतिः

anārjavama asaṃjñatvaṃ karma pāpama acetanā gurutvaṃ sannabhāvatvama asitatvama avāga gatiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

आत्मन्यात्मानमाविश्य ब्रह्माणं समुपासते

English

dishonesty, senselessness, sinful action, unconsciousness, heaviness, dejection, blackness and speechlessness:

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.16

सर्व एते गुणा विप्रास तामसाः संप्रकीर्तिताः ये चान्ये नियता भावा लॊके ऽसमिन मॊहसंज्ञिताः

sarva ete guṇā viprāsa tāmasāḥ saṃprakīrtitāḥ ye cānye niyatā bhāvā lòke 'samina mòhasaṃjñitāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तदारण्यमभिप्रेत्य यथाधीरभिजायत

English

all these qualities, brahmins, are called dark, and whatever other fixed states in this world are called delusion.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.17

तत्र तत्र नियम्यन्ते सर्वे ते तामसा गुणाः परिवाद कथा नित्यं देव बराह्मण वैदिकाः

tatra tatra niyamyante sarve te tāmasā guṇāḥ parivāda kathā nityaṃ deva barāhmaṇa vaidikāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

विदित्वा चानुतिष्ठ न्ति क्षेत्रज्ञेनानुदर्शिता

English

They are all restrained here and there, those dark qualities: constant tales of slander against the gods, brahmins and the Veda.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.18

अत्यागश चाभिमानश च मॊहॊ मन्युस तथाक्षमा मत्सरश चैव भूतेषु तामसं वृत्तम इष्यते

atyāgaśa cābhimānaśa ca mòhò manyusa tathākṣamā matsaraśa caiva bhūteṣu tāmasaṃ vṛttama iṣyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

न कोई संकल्प ही करता हूँ

English

Non-renunciation, pride, delusion, resentment, intolerance and envy toward beings: this is held to be dark conduct.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.19

वृथारम्भाश च ये के चिद वृथा दानानि यानि च वृथा भक्षणम इत्य एतत तामसं वृत्तम इष्यते

vṛthārambhāśa ca ye ke cida vṛthā dānāni yāni ca vṛthā bhakṣaṇama itya etata tāmasaṃ vṛttama iṣyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राणापानौ जन्‍्तुदेहान्निवेश्य

English

Vain undertakings, vain gifts and vain eating: this is held to be dark conduct.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.20

अतिवादॊ ऽतितिक्षा च मात्सर्यम अतिमानिता अश्रद्दधानता चैव तामसं वृत्तम इष्यते

ativādò 'titikṣā ca mātsaryama atimānitā aśraddadhānatā caiva tāmasaṃ vṛttama iṣyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

राग और द्वेषका स्पर्श नहीं है

English

Excessive talk, excessive endurance, envy, excessive pride and faithlessness: this is held to be dark conduct.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.21

एवंविधास तु ये के चिल लॊके ऽसमिन पापकर्मिणः मनुष्या भिन्नमर्यादाः सर्वे ते तामसा जनाः

evaṃvidhāsa tu ye ke cila lòke 'samina pāpakarmiṇaḥ manuṣyā bhinnamaryādāḥ sarve te tāmasā janāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

लिप्त नहीं कर सकता

English

Whatever men of sinful deeds there are of this kind in this world, who break bounds, they are all dark people.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.22

तेषां यॊनिं परवक्ष्यामि नियतां पापकर्मणाम अवाङ्निरयभावाय तिर्यङ्निरयगामिनः

teṣāṃ yòniṃ paravakṣyāmi niyatāṃ pāpakarmaṇāma avāṅnirayabhāvāya tiryaṅnirayagāminaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

अध्वर्युयतिसंवादं तं निबोध यशस्विनि

English

I shall tell their fixed birth, the sinful-acting: downward to hell, going to animal hell.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.23

सथावराणि च भूतानि पशवॊ वाहनानि च करव्यादा दन्द शूकाश च कृमिकीट विहंगमाः

sathāvarāṇi ca bhūtāni paśavò vāhanāni ca karavyādā danda śūkāśa ca kṛmikīṭa vihaṃgamāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

यतिरध्वर्युमासीनो हिंसेयमिति कुत्सयन्

English

Immovable beings, animals and draught beasts, flesh-eaters, biting snakes, worms, insects and birds,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.24

अण्डजा जन्तवॊ ये च सर्वे चापि चतुष्पदाः उन्मत्ता बधिरा मूका ये चान्ये पापरॊगिणः

aṇḍajā jantavò ye ca sarve cāpi catuṣpadāḥ unmattā badhirā mūkā ye cānye pāparògiṇaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

निन्दा करते हुए कहा--'यह हिंसा है (अत: इससे पाप होगा)'

English

egg-born creatures and all four-footed beasts, the mad, deaf and dumb, and others sick with sin,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.25

मग्नास तमसि दुर्वृत्ताः सवकर्म कृतलक्षणाः अवाक्स्रॊतस इत्य एते मग्नास तमसि तामसाः

magnāsa tamasi durvṛttāḥ savakarma kṛtalakṣaṇāḥ avāksròtasa itya ete magnāsa tamasi tāmasāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रेयसा योक्ष्यते जन्तुर्यदि श्रुतिरियं तथा

English

sunk in darkness, of bad conduct, marked by their own deeds: these are called "downward-streaming", sunk in darkness, the dark.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.26

तेषाम उत्कर्षम उद्रेकं वक्ष्याम्य अहम अतः परम यथा ते सुकृताँल लॊकाँल लभन्ते पुण्यकर्मिणः

teṣāma utkarṣama udrekaṃ vakṣyāmya ahama ataḥ parama yathā te sukṛtā~la lòkā~la labhante puṇyakarmiṇaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

नीयमान:” इत्यादि श्रुति सत्य है तो यह जीव कल्याणका ही भागी होगा

English

Now I shall tell their rise and surging, how those who do good deeds gain worlds of their good deeds.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.27

अन्यथा परतिपन्नास तु विवृद्धा ये च कर्मसु सवकर्मनिरतानां च बराह्मणानां शुभैषिणाम

anyathā paratipannāsa tu vivṛddhā ye ca karmasu savakarmaniratānāṃ ca barāhmaṇānāṃ śubhaiṣiṇāma

हिन्दी अर्थ

भी जलीय भाग है, वह जलमें प्रविष्ट हो जायगा

English

But those who have gone another way and grown in their deeds, and brahmins devoted to their own work and wishing good,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.28

संस्कारेणॊर्ध्वम आयान्ति यतमानाः स लॊकताम सवर्गं गच्छन्ति देवानाम इत्य एषा वैदिकी शरुतिः

saṃskāreṇòrdhvama āyānti yatamānāḥ sa lòkatāma savargaṃ gacchanti devānāma itya eṣā vaidikī śarutiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

आगमगमे वर्तमानस्य न मे दोषो5स्ति कश्षन

English

go upward by refinement, striving, to the world of the gods in heaven: so says the Vedic tradition.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.29

अन्यथा परतिपन्नास तु विवृद्धाः सवेषु कर्मसु पुनर आवृत्ति धर्माणस ते भवन्तीह मानुषाः

anyathā paratipannāsa tu vivṛddhāḥ saveṣu karmasu punara āvṛtti dharmāṇasa te bhavantīha mānuṣāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

छागार्थे वर्तते यज्ञों भवत: कि प्रयोजनम्

English

Those who have gone otherwise and grown in their own acts become men who return again to dharma.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.30

पापयॊनिं समापन्नाश चण्डाला मूक चूचुकाः वर्णान पर्यायशश चापि पराप्नुवन्त्य उत्तरॊत्तरम

pāpayòniṃ samāpannāśa caṇḍālā mūka cūcukāḥ varṇāna paryāyaśaśa cāpi parāpnuvantya uttaròttarama

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषामनुमतं श्रुत्वा शक्‍्या कर्तु विचारणा

English

Having come to sinful wombs, outcastes, mutes and chucchukas, they gain the classes in turn, higher and higher.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.31

शूद्रयॊनिम अतिक्रम्य ये चान्ये तामसा गुणाः सरॊतॊ मध्ये समागम्य वर्तन्ते तामसे गुणे

śūdrayònima atikramya ye cānye tāmasā guṇāḥ saròtò madhye samāgamya vartante tāmase guṇe

हिन्दी अर्थ

शरीर केवल शिष्ट॑ निश्चेष्टमिति मे मति:

English

Having passed beyond a shudra's birth, other dark qualities, meeting in the middle of the stream, remain in the dark quality.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.32

अभिषङ्गस तु कामेषु महामॊह इति समृतः ऋषयॊ मुनयॊ देवा मुह्यन्त्य अत्र सुखेप्सवः

abhiṣaṅgasa tu kāmeṣu mahāmòha iti samṛtaḥ ṛṣayò munayò devā muhyantya atra sukhepsavaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तो केवल इसका निश्वेष्ट शरीर ही अवशिष्ट रह गया है

English

Attachment to desires is called great delusion; sages, ascetics and gods are bewildered by it here, wishing for happiness.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.33

तमॊ मॊहॊ महामॊहस तामिस्रः करॊधसंज्ञितः मरणं तव अन्धतामिस्रं तामिस्रं करॊध उच्यते

tamò mòhò mahāmòhasa tāmisraḥ karòdhasaṃjñitaḥ maraṇaṃ tava andhatāmisraṃ tāmisraṃ karòdha ucyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

हिंसानिर्वेष्टकामानामिन्धनं पशुसंज्ञितम्

English

Darkness, delusion, great delusion, Tamisra named anger, death as Andhatamisra: anger is called Tamisra.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.34

भावतॊ गुणतश चैव यॊनितश चैव तत्त्वतः सर्वम एतत तमॊ विप्राः कीर्तितं वॊ यथाविधि

bhāvatò guṇataśa caiva yònitaśa caiva tattvataḥ sarvama etata tamò viprāḥ kīrtitaṃ vò yathāvidhi

हिन्दी अर्थ

हिंसा क्यों की जाय?)

English

By nature, by quality, by birth and in truth, all this darkness, brahmins, has been told to you duly.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.35

कॊ नव एतद बुध्यते साधु कॊ नव एतत साधु पश्यति अतत्त्वे तत्त्वदर्शी यस तमसस तत्त्वलक्षणम

kò nava etada budhyate sādhu kò nava etata sādhu paśyati atattve tattvadarśī yasa tamasasa tattvalakṣaṇama

हिन्दी अर्थ

यदिहिंस्रं भवेत् कर्म तत् कार्यमिति विद्यहे

English

Who understands this well, who sees this well? He who sees truth in untruth knows the mark of the truth of darkness.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 36.36

तमॊ गुणा वॊ बहुधा परकीर्तिता; यथावद उक्तं च तमः परावरम नरॊ हि यॊ वेद गुणान इमान सदा; स तामसैः सर्वगुणैः परमुच्यते

tamò guṇā vò bahudhā parakīrtitā; yathāvada uktaṃ ca tamaḥ parāvarama narò hi yò veda guṇāna imāna sadā; sa tāmasaiḥ sarvaguṇaiḥ paramucyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

वही करने योग्य है, यही हमारा मत है

English

The qualities of darkness have been told to you in many ways, and the higher and lower of darkness duly told. The man who always knows these qualities is freed from all dark qualities.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 37.1

[बर] रजॊ ऽहं वः परवक्ष्यामि याथा तथ्येन सत्तमाः निबॊधत महाभागा गुणवृत्तं च सर्वशः

[bara] rajò 'haṃ vaḥ paravakṣyāmi yāthā tathyena sattamāḥ nibòdhata mahābhāgā guṇavṛttaṃ ca sarvaśaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तुम्हारे द्वारा अहिंसाका ही पालन हो रहा है?

English

and is, therefore, distinguished above these (viz., the good). 2 Deliverance from the world takes place, after a long time, of one who acts righteously and well on every occasion as he should. A living creature thus always meets with the acts done by him in a former life. All these acts constitute the cause in consequence of which he comes into this world in a state different from his true form. 3 There is a doubt in the world as regards the question. By what was the acceptance (by Jiva) of a body first determined. The Grandsire of all the worlds, viz., Brahma having first formed a body of his own, then created the three worlds, in their entirety, of mobile and immobile creatures. Having first himself assumed a body, he then created Pradhana. That Pradhana is the material cause of all embodied creatures, by whom is all this covered and whom all came to know as the highest. This that is seen is said to be destructible; while the other is immortal and indestructible. This that (is seen) is said to be Kshara (the destructible); that, however, which is Para (the other) is the Immortal, (as also) Akshara (the Indestructible). Of each Purusha taken distributively, the whole is duality among these three. 4 Seen first (to appear in an

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 37.2

संघातॊ रूपम आयासः सुखदुःखे हिमातपौ ऐश्वर्यं विग्रहः संधिर हेतुवादॊ ऽरतिः कषमा

saṃghātò rūpama āyāsaḥ sukhaduḥkhe himātapau aiśvaryaṃ vigrahaḥ saṃdhira hetuvādò 'ratiḥ kaṣamā

हिन्दी अर्थ

अवाकिरन् शरशतै: समुद्रमिति न: श्रुतम्

English

Aggregation, form, effort, pleasure and pain, cold and heat, lordship, quarrel, peace, argument, discontent, patience,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 37.3

बलं शौर्यं मदॊ रॊषॊ वयायामकलहाव अपि ईर्ष्येप्सा पैशुनं युद्धं ममत्वं परिपालनम

balaṃ śauryaṃ madò ròṣò vayāyāmakalahāva api īrṣyepsā paiśunaṃ yuddhaṃ mamatvaṃ paripālanama

हिन्दी अर्थ

मा मुज्च वीर नाराचान् ब्रूहि कि करवाणि ते

English

strength, valour, pride, anger, exertion and strife, jealousy, desire, slander, war, possessiveness, protection,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 37.4

वधबन्धपरिक्लेशाः करयॊ विक्रय एव च निकृन्त छिन्धि भिन्धीति परमर्मावकर्तनम

vadhabandhaparikleśāḥ karayò vikraya eva ca nikṛnta chindhi bhindhīti paramarmāvakartanama

हिन्दी अर्थ

वध्यन्ते राजशार्दूल तेभ्यो देहाभयं विभो

English

killing, binding, torment, buying and selling, "cut, split, pierce," cutting vital parts of others,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 37.5

उग्रं दारुणम आक्रॊशः परवित्तानुशासनम लॊकचिन्ता विचिन्ता च मत्सरः परिभाषणम

ugraṃ dāruṇama ākròśaḥ paravittānuśāsanama lòkacintā vicintā ca matsaraḥ paribhāṣaṇama

हिन्दी अर्थ

विद्यते तं समाचक्ष्व य: समासीत मां मृथे

English

fierceness, cruelty, abuse, ruling over others' wealth, worldly care and anxiety, envy, insult,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 37.6

मृषावादॊ मृषा दानं विकल्पः परिभाषणम निन्दास्तुतिः परशंसा च परतापः परितर्पणम

mṛṣāvādò mṛṣā dānaṃ vikalpaḥ paribhāṣaṇama nindāstutiḥ paraśaṃsā ca paratāpaḥ paritarpaṇama

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्य पुत्रस्तवातिथ्यं यथावत् कर्तुमहति

English

lying, false giving, alternatives, insult, blame and praise, heat, satisfaction,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 37.7

परिचर्या च शुश्रूषा सेवा तृष्णा वयपाश्रयः वयूहॊ ऽनयः परमादश च परितापः परिग्रहः

paricaryā ca śuśrūṣā sevā tṛṣṇā vayapāśrayaḥ vayūhò 'nayaḥ paramādaśa ca paritāpaḥ parigrahaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

स तमाश्रममागम्य राममेवान्वपद्यत

English

attendance, service, ministering, thirst, dependence, scheming, another's, carelessness, distress and acquisition,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 37.8

संस्कारा ये च लॊके ऽसमिन परवर्तन्ते पृथक पृथक नृषु नारीषु भूतेषु दरव्येषु शरणेषु च

saṃskārā ye ca lòke 'samina paravartante pṛthaka pṛthaka nṛṣu nārīṣu bhūteṣu daravyeṣu śaraṇeṣu ca

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रदहन् रिपुसैन्यानि तदा कमललोचने

English

and the rites which here proceed separately among men, women, beings, goods and shelters,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 37.9

संतापॊ ऽपरत्ययश चैव वरतानि नियमाश च ये परदानम आशीर युक्तं च सततं मे भवत्व इति

saṃtāpò 'paratyayaśa caiva varatāni niyamāśa ca ye paradānama āśīra yuktaṃ ca satataṃ me bhavatva iti

हिन्दी अर्थ

चिच्छेद सहसा रामो बहुशाखमिव द्रुमम्

English

distress, mistrust, and vows and rules, giving, and blessing: "May this always be mine."

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 37.10

सवधा कारॊ नमः कारः सवाहाकारॊ वषट करिया याजनाध्यापने चॊभे तथैवाहुः परिग्रहम

savadhā kārò namaḥ kāraḥ savāhākārò vaṣaṭa kariyā yājanādhyāpane còbhe tathaivāhuḥ parigrahama

हिन्दी अर्थ

अक्षरं तत्र सद्भाव: स्वभाव: क्षर उच्यते

English

Prajapati (then) created all the primal elements and all immobile creatures. Even this is the ancient audition. Of that (acceptance of body), the Grandsire ordained a limit in respect of time, and migrations among diverse creatures and return or rebirth. All that I say is proper and correct, like to what a person who is endued with intelligence and who has seen his soul, would say on this topic of previous births. 1 That person who looks upon pleasure and pain as inconstant, which, indeed, is the correct view, who regards the body as an unholy conglomeration, and destruction as ordained in action, and who remembers that what little of pleasure there is, is really all pain, will succeed in crossing this terrible ocean of worldly migration that is so difficult to cross. Though assailed by decrepitude and death and disease, he that understands Pradhana beholds with all equal eye that Consciousness which dwells in all beings endued with consciousness. Seeking the supreme seat, he then becomes utterly indifferent to all (other) things. O best of men, I shall now impart instruction to thee, agreeably to truth, concerning this. Do thou, O learned Brahmana, understand in completeness that which constitutes the excellent knowledge, as I declare it, of that indestructible seat.--'"

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 37.11

इदं मे सयाद इदं मे सयात सनेहॊ गुणसमुद्भवः अभिद्रॊहस तथा माया निकृतिर मान एव च

idaṃ me sayāda idaṃ me sayāta sanehò guṇasamudbhavaḥ abhidròhasa tathā māyā nikṛtira māna eva ca

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वथा और सभी कालोंमें अभाव है, वह क्षर कहलाता है

English

his subtlety and imperceptibility, Jiva does not become attached to anything. For this reason, one possessed of a knowledge of Brahman, having become cognisant of Brahman and attained the great object of his desire, succeeds in becoming so (i.e., dissociated from all things). This interpretation seems to be a little far-fetched.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 37.12

सतैन्यं हिंसा परीवादः परितापः परजागरः सतम्भॊ दम्भॊ ऽथ रागश च भक्तिः परीतिः परमॊदनम

satainyaṃ hiṃsā parīvādaḥ paritāpaḥ parajāgaraḥ satambhò dambhò 'tha rāgaśa ca bhaktiḥ parītiḥ paramòdanama

हिन्दी अर्थ

समन्तात् परिमुक्तस्य न भयं विद्यते क्वचित्

English

Theft, harm, slander, anguish, wakefulness, stiffness, hypocrisy, passion, devotion, love, delight,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 37.13

दयूतं च जनवादश च संबन्धाः सत्रीकृताश च ये नृत्तवादित्रगीतानि परसङ्गा ये च के चन सर्व एते गुणा विप्रा राजसाः संप्रकीर्तिताः

dayūtaṃ ca janavādaśa ca saṃbandhāḥ satrīkṛtāśa ca ye nṛttavāditragītāni parasaṅgā ye ca ke cana sarva ete guṇā viprā rājasāḥ saṃprakīrtitāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

अध्वर्युरपि निर्मोह: प्रचचार महामखे

English

gambling, gossip, relations made by women, dance, instruments and song, and whatever attachments there are: all these qualities, brahmins, are declared passionate.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 37.14

भूतभव्य भविष्याणां भावानां भुवि भावनाः तरिवर्गनिरता नित्यं धर्मॊ ऽरथः काम इत्य अपि

bhūtabhavya bhaviṣyāṇāṃ bhāvānāṃ bhuvi bhāvanāḥ tarivarganiratā nityaṃ dharmò 'rathaḥ kāma itya api

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुछ नहीं बोला। फिर अध्वर्यु भी मोहरहित होकर उस महायज्ञमें अग्रसर हुआ

English

Ruminations on the states of past, present and future on earth, ever devoted to the three aims, dharma, wealth and desire,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 37.15

कामवृत्ताः परमॊदन्ते सर्वकामसमृद्धिभिः अर्वाक सरॊतस इत्य एते तैजसा रजसावृताः

kāmavṛttāḥ paramòdante sarvakāmasamṛddhibhiḥ arvāka saròtasa itya ete taijasā rajasāvṛtāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

विदित्वा चानुतिष्ठ न्ति क्षेत्रज्ञेनार्थदर्शिना

English

living by desire, they rejoice in the prosperity of all desires. These are called "downward-streaming", radiant and covered with passion.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 37.16

अस्मिँल लॊके परमॊदन्ते जायमानाः पुनः पुनः परेत्य भाविकम ईहन्त इह लौकिकम एव च ददति परतिगृह्णन्ति जपन्त्य अथ च जुह्वति

asmi~la lòke paramòdante jāyamānāḥ punaḥ punaḥ paretya bhāvikama īhanta iha laukikama eva ca dadati paratigṛhṇanti japantya atha ca juhvati

हिन्दी अर्थ

कार्तवीर्यस्य संवाद समुद्रस्य च भाविनि

English

Rejoicing in this world, being born again and again, after death they strive for the next and for this world; they give, receive, mutter prayers and offer.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 37.17

रजॊगुणा वॊ बहुधानुकीर्तिता; यथावद उक्तं गुणवृत्तम एव च नरॊ हि यॊ वेद गुणान इमान सदा; स राजसैः सर्वगुणैर विमुच्यते

rajòguṇā vò bahudhānukīrtitā; yathāvada uktaṃ guṇavṛttama eva ca narò hi yò veda guṇāna imāna sadā; sa rājasaiḥ sarvaguṇaira vimucyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राचीन इतिहासका उदाहरण दिया जाता है

English

The passionate qualities have been told to you in many ways, and the conduct of the qualities duly told. The man who always knows these qualities is freed from all passionate qualities.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 38.1

[बर] अतः परं परवक्ष्यामि तृतीयं गुणम उत्तमम सर्वभूतहितं लॊके सतां धर्मम अनिन्दितम

[bara] ataḥ paraṃ paravakṣyāmi tṛtīyaṃ guṇama uttamama sarvabhūtahitaṃ lòke satāṃ dharmama aninditama

हिन्दी अर्थ

असीनादाय शक्तीश्च भार्गव पर्यधावयन्

English

Indriyagolokeshu or those vital parts which constitute the seats of the senses. Chetana does not, I think, mean 'consciousness.' It implies mind.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 38.2

आनन्दः परीतिर उद्रेकः पराकाश्यं सुखम एव च अकार्पण्यम असंरम्भः संतॊषः शरद्दधानता

ānandaḥ parītira udrekaḥ parākāśyaṃ sukhama eva ca akārpaṇyama asaṃrambhaḥ saṃtòṣaḥ śaraddadhānatā

हिन्दी अर्थ

द्विजैरुत्पादितं क्षत्रं जामदग्न्यो न्यकृन्तत

English

Joy, delight, surging, manifestation, happiness, absence of meanness, absence of agitation, contentment, faith,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 38.3

कषमा धृतिर अहिंसा च समता सत्यम आर्जवम अक्रॊधश चानसूया च शौचं दाक्ष्यं पराक्रमः

kaṣamā dhṛtira ahiṃsā ca samatā satyama ārjavama akròdhaśa cānasūyā ca śaucaṃ dākṣyaṃ parākramaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षत्रबन्धूनिमान् प्राणैर्विप्रयोज्य पुन: पुन:

English

patience, steadfastness, non-harm, equanimity, truth, uprightness, freedom from anger and envy, purity, skill, valour,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 38.4

मुधा जञानं मुधा वृत्तं मुधा सेवा मुधा शरमः एवं यॊ युक्तधर्मः सयात सॊ ऽमुत्रानन्त्यम अश्नुते

mudhā jañānaṃ mudhā vṛttaṃ mudhā sevā mudhā śaramaḥ evaṃ yò yuktadharmaḥ sayāta sò 'mutrānantyama aśnute

हिन्दी अर्थ

बेचारे क्षत्रियोंके प्राण लेनेमें तुम्हें कौन-सा लाभ दिखायी देता है?”

English

knowledge without return, conduct without return, service without return, toil without return: one so joined in dharma attains endlessness hereafter.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 38.5

निर्ममॊ निरहंकारॊ निराशीः सर्वतः समः अकाम हत इत्य एष सतां धर्मः सनातनः

nirmamò nirahaṃkārò nirāśīḥ sarvataḥ samaḥ akāma hata itya eṣa satāṃ dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

ना्हनतीह भवन्तो मां निवारयितुमित्युत

English

Free of possessiveness, free of ego, free of hope, equal everywhere, desireless and unstruck: this is the eternal dharma of the good.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 38.6

विश्रम्भॊ हरीस तितिक्षा च तयागः शौचम अतन्द्रिता आनृशंस्यम असंमॊहॊ दया भूतेष्व अपैशुनम

viśrambhò harīsa titikṣā ca tayāgaḥ śaucama atandritā ānṛśaṃsyama asaṃmòhò dayā bhūteṣva apaiśunama

हिन्दी अर्थ

नेह युक्त त्वया हन्तुं ब्राह्मणेन सता नृूपान्

English

Trust, modesty, endurance, renunciation, purity, alertness, absence of cruelty, freedom from delusion, compassion toward beings, absence of slander,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 38.7

हर्षस तुष्टिर विस्मयश च विनयः साधुवृत्तता शान्ति कर्म विशुद्धिश च शुभा बुद्धिर विमॊचनम

harṣasa tuṣṭira vismayaśa ca vinayaḥ sādhuvṛttatā śānti karma viśuddhiśa ca śubhā buddhira vimòcanama

हिन्दी अर्थ

जाता है, उसे सुनकर तुम्हें वैसा ही आचरण करना चाहिए

English

gladness, contentment, wonder, humility, good conduct, calm, purity of action, good understanding, release,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 38.8

उपेक्षा बरह्मचर्यं च परित्यागश च सर्वशः निर्ममत्वम अनाशीस्त्वम अपरिक्रीत धर्मता

upekṣā barahmacaryaṃ ca parityāgaśa ca sarvaśaḥ nirmamatvama anāśīstvama aparikrīta dharmatā

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मज्ञ: सत्यवादी च महात्मा सुदृढव्रत:

English

equanimity, celibacy, complete renunciation, freedom from possessiveness, freedom from hope, a dharma not to be bought:

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 38.9

मुधा दानं मुधा यज्ञॊ मुधाधीतं मुधा वरतम मुधा परतिग्रहश चैव मुधा धर्मॊ मुधा तपः

mudhā dānaṃ mudhā yajñò mudhādhītaṃ mudhā varatama mudhā paratigrahaśa caiva mudhā dharmò mudhā tapaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृत्वा सुदुष्करं कर्म मन: सूक्ष्मे समादधे

English

gift without return, sacrifice without return, study without return, vow without return, acceptance without return, dharma without return, austerity without return.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 38.10

एवंवृत्तास तु ये के चिल लॊके ऽसमिन सत्त्वसंश्रयाः बराह्मणा बरह्मयॊनिस्थास ते धीराः साधु दर्शिनः

evaṃvṛttāsa tu ye ke cila lòke 'samina sattvasaṃśrayāḥ barāhmaṇā barahmayònisthāsa te dhīrāḥ sādhu darśinaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तलवार और शक्तियाँ लेकर परशुरामजीपर चारों ओरसे टूट पड़े

English

immaculate, takes birth in this world, failing away from his true status of Brahman owing to his acts. Acts, again, are eternal, no beginning being conceivable.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 38.11

हित्वा सर्वाणि पापानि निःशॊका हय अजरामराः दिवं पराप्य तु ते धीराः कुर्वते वै ततस ततः

hitvā sarvāṇi pāpāni niḥśòkā haya ajarāmarāḥ divaṃ parāpya tu te dhīrāḥ kurvate vai tatasa tataḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

विसृजन् शरवर्षाणि व्यधमत् पार्थिवं बलम्

English

speaks of Kshara, or the material case, or body; then of that which is para or other. This other is of two kinds, viz., Amritam or suddha-chaitanyam, implying Brahman in its condition of purity; and Aksharamt or Jiva as existing in the material case. In the second line, trayanam refers to Kshara, Amrita, and Akshara. Mithunam is duality, referring to that which is composed of Kshara and Akshara. What is stated in this verse is that every Purusha is a duality, made up of Kshara and Akshara. Telang gives a different version of the verse. He ignores the word trayanam totally, and takes Mithunam as implying a couple (male and female). All the texts I have seen contain trayanam.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 38.12

ईशित्वं च वशित्वं च लघुत्वं मनसश च ते विकुर्वते महात्मानॊ देवास तरिदिवगा इव

īśitvaṃ ca vaśitvaṃ ca laghutvaṃ manasaśa ca te vikurvate mahātmānò devāsa taridivagā iva

हिन्दी अर्थ

हुए राजाकी सेनाका संहार करने लगे

English

the words. Telang translates the first line differently.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 38.13

ऊर्ध्वस्रॊतस इत्य एते देवा वैकारिकाः समृताः विकुर्वते परकृत्या वै दिवं पराप्तास ततस ततः यद यद इच्छन्ति तत सर्वं भजन्ते विभजन्ति च

ūrdhvasròtasa itya ete devā vaikārikāḥ samṛtāḥ vikurvate parakṛtyā vai divaṃ parāptāsa tatasa tataḥ yada yada icchanti tata sarvaṃ bhajante vibhajanti ca

हिन्दी अर्थ

भाँति पर्वतोंकी गुफाओंमें घुस गये

English

These are called "upward-streaming": the gods are held to be transformations; they transform by nature, having reached heaven here and there; whatever they wish, all that they enjoy and distribute.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 38.14

इत्य एतत सात्त्विकं वृत्तं कथितं वॊ दविजर्षभाः एतद विज्ञाय विधिवल लभते यद यद इच्छति

itya etata sāttvikaṃ vṛttaṃ kathitaṃ vò davijarṣabhāḥ etada vijñāya vidhivala labhate yada yada icchati

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रजा वृषलतां प्राप्ता ब्राह्मणानामदर्शनात्

English

This is the conduct of goodness told to you, best of brahmins; having known it by rule, one gains whatever he wishes.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 38.15

परकीर्तिताः सत्त्वगुणा विशेषतॊ; यथावद उक्तं गुणवृत्तम एव च नरस तु यॊ वेद गुणान इमान सदा; गुणान स भुङ्क्ते न गुणैः स भुज्यते

parakīrtitāḥ sattvaguṇā viśeṣatò; yathāvada uktaṃ guṇavṛttama eva ca narasa tu yò veda guṇāna imāna sadā; guṇāna sa bhuṅkte na guṇaiḥ sa bhujyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

वृषलत्वं परिगता व्युत्थानात् क्षत्रधर्मिण:

English

The qualities of goodness have been told especially, and the conduct of the qualities duly told. The man who always knows these qualities enjoys the qualities and is not enjoyed by them.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.1

[बर] नैव शक्या गुणा वक्तुं पृथक्त्वेनेह सर्वशः अविच्छिन्नानि दृश्यन्ते रजः सत्त्वं तमस तथा

[bara] naiva śakyā guṇā vaktuṃ pṛthaktveneha sarvaśaḥ avicchinnāni dṛśyante rajaḥ sattvaṃ tamasa tathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

पराक्रम कर दिखाया था। इसके पश्चात् उनका मन सूक्ष्मतत््वकी खोजमें लगा

English

"--The Brahmana said, 'He who becomes absorbed in the one receptacle (of all things), freeing himself from even the thought of his own identity with all things, —indeed, ceasing to think of even his own existence,— gradually casting off one after another, will succeed in crossing his bonds. 2 That man who is the friend of all, who endures all, who is attached to tranquillity, who has conquered all his senses, who is divested of fear and wrath, and who is of restrained soul, succeeds in emancipating himself. He who behaves towards all creatures as towards himself, who is restrained, pure, free from vanity and divested of egoism is regarded as emancipated from everything. He also is

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.2

अन्यॊन्यम अनुषज्जन्ते अन्यॊन्यं चानुजीविनः अन्यॊन्यापाश्रयाः सर्वे तथान्यॊन्यानुवर्तिनः

anyònyama anuṣajjante anyònyaṃ cānujīvinaḥ anyònyāpāśrayāḥ sarve tathānyònyānuvartinaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

है। इसलिये अब इसीके ऊपर अपने तीखे सायकोंका प्रहार करूँगा

English

They attach to one another, live on one another, depend on one another and follow one another.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.3

यावत सत्त्वं तमस तावद वर्तते नात्र संशयः यावत तमश च सत्त्वं च रजस तावद इहॊच्यते

yāvata sattvaṃ tamasa tāvada vartate nātra saṃśayaḥ yāvata tamaśa ca sattvaṃ ca rajasa tāvada ihòcyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्माच्छ़ोत्रं प्रति शरान् प्रतिमुड्चाम्यहं शितान्

English

As long as there is goodness there is darkness, without doubt; as long as there is darkness and goodness, so long, it is said, there is passion.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.4

संहत्य कुर्वते यात्रां सहिताः संघचारिणः संघातवृत्तयॊ हय एते वर्तन्ते हेत्वहेतुभिः

saṃhatya kurvate yātrāṃ sahitāḥ saṃghacāriṇaḥ saṃghātavṛttayò haya ete vartante hetvahetubhiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

करता है, इसलिये मैं इन तीखे बाणोंको श्रोत्र-इन्द्रियके ऊपर चलाऊँगा

English

Joined, they make their course together, moving in groups; these live in aggregates, by reasons and non-reasons.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.5

उद्रेक वयतिरेकाणां तेषाम अन्यॊन्यवर्तिनाम वर्तते तद यथा नयूनं वयतिरिक्तं च सर्वशः

udreka vayatirekāṇāṃ teṣāma anyònyavartināma vartate tada yathā nayūnaṃ vayatiriktaṃ ca sarvaśaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

बाणोंकी खोज करो, जिनसे मुझे मार सकोगे

English

Of these, mutually turning in surplus and deficiency, it goes on, as there is less or more, in everything.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.6

वयतिरिक्तं तमॊ यत्र तिर्यग भावगतं भवेत अल्पं तत्र रजॊ जञेयं सत्त्वं चाल्पतरं ततः

vayatiriktaṃ tamò yatra tiryaga bhāvagataṃ bhaveta alpaṃ tatra rajò jañeyaṃ sattvaṃ cālpataraṃ tataḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तच्छुत्वा स विचिन्त्याथ ततो वचनमब्रवीत्

English

Where darkness is in surplus and has gone to animal state, passion should be known as small there, and goodness still smaller.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.7

उद्रिक्तं च रजॊ यत्र मध्यस्रॊतॊ गतं भवेत अल्पं तत्र तमॊ जञेयं सत्त्वं चाल्पतरं ततः

udriktaṃ ca rajò yatra madhyasròtò gataṃ bhaveta alpaṃ tatra tamò jañeyaṃ sattvaṃ cālpataraṃ tataḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

यह सुनकर अलर्कने कुछ सोच-विचारकर (नेत्रको सुनाते हुए) कहा

English

Where passion is in surplus and has gone to the middle stream, darkness should be known as small there, and goodness still smaller.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.8

उद्रिक्तं च यदा सत्त्वम ऊर्ध्वस्रॊतॊ गतं भवेत अल्पं तत्र रजॊ जञेयं तमश चाल्पतरं ततः

udriktaṃ ca yadā sattvama ūrdhvasròtò gataṃ bhaveta alpaṃ tatra rajò jañeyaṃ tamaśa cālpataraṃ tataḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्माच्चक्षुर्हनिष्यामि निशितै: सायकैरहम्

English

Where goodness is in surplus and has gone to the upward stream, passion should be known as small there, and darkness still smaller.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.9

सत्त्वं वैकारिकं यॊनिर इन्द्रियाणां परकाशिका न हि सत्त्वात परॊ भावः कश चिद अन्यॊ विधीयते

sattvaṃ vaikārikaṃ yònira indriyāṇāṃ parakāśikā na hi sattvāta parò bhāvaḥ kaśa cida anyò vidhīyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

तच्छुत्वा स विचिन्त्याथ ततो वचनमत्रवीत्

English

Goodness is the transformation, the womb, the illuminator of the senses; no other state higher than goodness is ordained.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.10

ऊर्ध्वं गच्छन्ति सत्त्वस्था मध्ये तिष्ठन्ति राजसाः जघन्यगुणसंयुक्ता यान्त्य अधस तामसा जनाः

ūrdhvaṃ gacchanti sattvasthā madhye tiṣṭhanti rājasāḥ jaghanyaguṇasaṃyuktā yāntya adhasa tāmasā janāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

उत्सृज्य सुमहत्कर्म सूक्ष्म प्रति महामते

English

emancipated who looks with an equal eye upon life and death, pleasure and pain, gain and loss, agreeable and disagreeable. He is in every way emancipated who does not covet what belongs to others, who never disregards any body, who transcends all pairs of opposites, and whose soul is free from attachment. He is emancipated who has no enemy, no kinsman, and no child, who has cast off religion, wealth, and pleasure, and who is freed from desire or cupidity. He becomes emancipated who acquires neither merit nor demerit, who casts off the merits and demerits accumulated in previous births, who wastes the elements of his body for attaining to a tranquillised soul, and who transcends all pairs of opposites. He who abstains from all acts, who is free from desire or cupidity, who looks upon the universe as unenduring or as like an Aswattha tree, ever endued with birth, death and decrepitude, whose understanding is fixed on renunciation, and whose eyes are always directed towards his own faults, soon succeeds in emancipating himself from the bonds that bind him. l He that sees his soul void of smell, of taste and touch, of sound, of belongings, of vision, and unknowable, becomes emancipated. 2 He who sees his soul devoid of the attributes of the five elements to be without form and cause, to be really destitute of attributes though enjoying them, becomes emancipated. 3 Abandoning, with the aid of the understanding, all purposes relating to body and mind, one gradually attains to cessation of separate existence, like a fire unfed with fuel. 4 One who is freed from all impressions, who transcends all pairs of opposites, who is destitute of all belongings, and who uses all his senses under the guidance of penances, becomes emancipated. 5 Having become freed from all impressions, one then attains to Brahma which is Eternal and supreme, and tranquil, and stable, and enduring, and indestructible. After this I shall declare the science of Yoga to which there is nothing superior, and how Yogins, by concentration, behold the perfect soul. 6 I shall declare the instructions regarding it duly. Do thou learn from me those doors by which directing the soul within the body one beholds that which is without beginning and end. 7 Withdrawing the senses from their objects, one should fix the mind upon the soul; having previously undergone the severest austerities, one should practise that concentration of mind

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.11

तमः शूद्रे रजः कषत्रे बराह्मणे सत्त्वम उत्तमम इत्य एवं तरिषु वर्णेषु विवर्तन्ते गुणास तरयः

tamaḥ śūdre rajaḥ kaṣatre barāhmaṇe sattvama uttamama itya evaṃ tariṣu varṇeṣu vivartante guṇāsa tarayaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

सूक्ष्मतत््वकी खोजके लिये इस प्रकार चिन्ता करने लगे

English

Darkness in the shudra, passion in the kshatriya, goodness in the brahmin the best: so the three qualities turn in the three classes.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.12

दूराद अपि हि दृश्यन्ते सहिताः संघचारिणः तमः सत्त्वं रजश चैव पृथक्त्वं नानुशुश्रुम

dūrāda api hi dṛśyante sahitāḥ saṃghacāriṇaḥ tamaḥ sattvaṃ rajaśa caiva pṛthaktvaṃ nānuśuśruma

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्यत्र बाणान् धास्यामि शत्रुभि: परिवारित:

English

Even from afar they are seen together, moving in groups; darkness, goodness and passion have not been heard of as separate.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.13

दृष्ट्वा चादित्यम उद्यन्तं कुचॊराणां भयं भवेत अध्वगाः परितप्येरंस तृष्णार्ता दुःखभागिनः

dṛṣṭvā cādityama udyantaṃ kucòrāṇāṃ bhayaṃ bhaveta adhvagāḥ paritapyeraṃsa tṛṣṇārtā duḥkhabhāginaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

मन: प्रति सुतीक्षणाग्रानहं मोक्ष्यामि सायकान्

English

At the sight of the rising sun, fear arises for bad thieves, and travellers are tormented, afflicted by thirst and suffering.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.14

आदित्यः सत्त्वम उद्दिष्टं कुचॊरास तु यथा तमः परितापॊ ऽधवगानां च राजसॊ गुण उच्यते

ādityaḥ sattvama uddiṣṭaṃ kucòrāsa tu yathā tamaḥ paritāpò 'dhavagānāṃ ca rājasò guṇa ucyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनपर ही तीखे बाणोंका प्रहार करूँगा

English

The sun is said to be goodness, the bad thieves darkness, and the travellers' torment is called the passionate quality.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.15

पराकाश्यं सत्त्वम आदित्ये संतापॊ राजसॊ गुणः उपप्लवस तु विज्ञेयस तामसस तस्य पर्वसु

parākāśyaṃ sattvama āditye saṃtāpò rājasò guṇaḥ upaplavasa tu vijñeyasa tāmasasa tasya parvasu

हिन्दी अर्थ

तवैव मर्म भेत्स्यन्ति भिन्नमर्मा मरिष्यसि

English

In the sun, illumination is goodness, heat is the passionate quality, and the eclipse of it at the new and full moon should be known as dark.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.16

एवं जयॊतिःषु सर्वेषु विवर्तन्ते गुणास तरयः पर्यायेण च वर्तन्ते तत्र तत्र तथा तथा

evaṃ jayòtiḥṣu sarveṣu vivartante guṇāsa tarayaḥ paryāyeṇa ca vartante tatra tatra tathā tathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

तच्छुत्वा स विचिन्त्याथ ततो वचनमत्रवीत्

English

So in all lights the three qualities turn, and go on in succession here and there as they do.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.17

सथावरेषु च भूतेषु तिर्यग भावगतं तमः राजसास तु विवर्तन्ते सनेहभावस तु सात्त्विकः

sathāvareṣu ca bhūteṣu tiryaga bhāvagataṃ tamaḥ rājasāsa tu vivartante sanehabhāvasa tu sāttvikaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तवैव मर्म भेत्स्यन्ति भिन्नमर्मा मरिष्यसि

English

In immovable beings darkness has gone to animal state; the passionate turn about, and a state of affection is goodness.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.18

अहस तरिधा तु विज्ञेयं तरिधा रात्रिर विधीयते मासार्धम आस वर्षाणि ऋतवः संधयस तथा

ahasa taridhā tu vijñeyaṃ taridhā rātrira vidhīyate māsārdhama āsa varṣāṇi ṛtavaḥ saṃdhayasa tathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

तच्छुत्वा स विचिन्त्याथ ततो वचनमब्रवीत्

English

The day should be known as threefold, the night is ordained threefold; the fortnights, months, years, seasons and junctures likewise.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.19

तरिधा दानानि दीयन्ते तरिधा यज्ञः परवर्तते तरिधा लॊकास तरिधा वेदास तरिधा विद्यास तरिधा गतिः

taridhā dānāni dīyante taridhā yajñaḥ paravartate taridhā lòkāsa taridhā vedāsa taridhā vidyāsa taridhā gatiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्माज्जिद्धां प्रति शरान् प्रतिमोक्ष्याम्पहं शितान्

English

Gifts are given threefold, sacrifice proceeds threefold, the worlds are threefold, the Vedas threefold, the sciences threefold, the goals threefold.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.20

भूतं भव्यं भविष्यच च धर्मॊ ऽरथः काम इत्य अपि पराणापानाव उदानश चाप्य एत एव तरयॊ गुणाः

bhūtaṃ bhavyaṃ bhaviṣyaca ca dharmò 'rathaḥ kāma itya api parāṇāpānāva udānaśa cāpya eta eva tarayò guṇāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तवैव मर्म भेत्स्यन्ति भिन्नमर्मा मरिष्यसि

English

Past, future and present, dharma, wealth and desire, prana, apana and udana: these are the three qualities.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.21

यत किं चिद इह वै लॊके सर्वम एष्व एव तन्त्रिषु तरयॊ गुणाः परवर्तन्ते अव्यक्ता नित्यम एव तु सत्त्वं रजस तमश चैव गुणसर्गः सनातनः

yata kiṃ cida iha vai lòke sarvama eṣva eva tantriṣu tarayò guṇāḥ paravartante avyaktā nityama eva tu sattvaṃ rajasa tamaśa caiva guṇasargaḥ sanātanaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तच्छुत्वा स विचिन्त्याथ ततो वचनमत्रवीत्

English

Whatever there is in this world, all of it is in these systems; the three qualities go on unmanifest always; goodness, passion and darkness are the eternal creation of the qualities.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.22

तमॊ ऽवयक्तं शिवं नित्यम अजं यॊनिः सनातनः परकृतिर विकारः परलयः परधानं परभवाप्ययौ

tamò 'vayaktaṃ śivaṃ nityama ajaṃ yòniḥ sanātanaḥ parakṛtira vikāraḥ paralayaḥ paradhānaṃ parabhavāpyayau

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मात् त्वचं पाटयिष्ये विविध: कड़कपत्रिभि:

English

Darkness is the unmanifest, auspicious, eternal, unborn, the eternal womb; nature, modification, dissolution, Pradhana, origin and end.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.23

अनुद्रिक्तम अनूनं च हय अकम्पम अचलं धरुवम सद असच चैव तत सर्वम अव्यक्तं तरिगुणं समृतम जञेयानि नामधेयानि नरैर अध्यात्मचिन्तकैः

anudriktama anūnaṃ ca haya akampama acalaṃ dharuvama sada asaca caiva tata sarvama avyaktaṃ tariguṇaṃ samṛtama jañeyāni nāmadheyāni naraira adhyātmacintakaiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तवैव मर्म भेत्स्यन्ति भिन्नमर्मा मरिष्यसि

English

Unsurging, undiminished, unshaking, unmoving, firm, being and non-being: all that is held the unmanifest of three qualities. Its names are to be known by men who contemplate the Self.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 39.24

अव्यक्तनामानि गुणांश च तत्त्वतॊ; यॊ वेद सर्वाणि गतीश च केवलाः विमुक्तदेहः परविभाग तत्त्ववित; स मुच्यते सर गुणैर निरामयः

avyaktanāmāni guṇāṃśa ca tattvatò; yò veda sarvāṇi gatīśa ca kevalāḥ vimuktadehaḥ paravibhāga tattvavita; sa mucyate sara guṇaira nirāmayaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तच्छुत्वा स विचिन्त्याथ ततो वचनमब्रवीत्

English

One who truly knows the names of the unmanifest and the qualities, all the paths and the only ones, freed from body, knowing the truth of division, is freed from all the qualities and free of ailment.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 40.1

[बर] अव्यक्तात पूर्वम उत्पन्नॊ महान आत्मा महामतिः आदिर गुणानां सर्वेषां परथमः सर्ग उच्यते

[bara] avyaktāta pūrvama utpannò mahāna ātmā mahāmatiḥ ādira guṇānāṃ sarveṣāṃ parathamaḥ sarga ucyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्माद् बुद्धि प्रति शरान् प्रतिमोक्ष्याम्पहं शितान्

English

Emancipation, l Observant of penances and always practising concentration of mind, the learned Brahmana, endued with intelligence, should observe the precepts of the science of Yoga, beholding the soul in the body. If the good man succeeds in concentrating the mind on the soul, he then, habituated to exclusive meditation, beholds the Supreme soul in his own soul. Self-restrained, and always concentrated, and with all his senses completely conquered, the man of cleansed soul, in consequence of such complete concentration of mind, succeeds in beholding the soul by the soul. As a person beholding some unseen individual in a dream recognises him, saying,— This is he,— when he sees him after waking, after the same manner the good man having seen the Supreme Soul in the deep contemplation of Samadhi recognises it upon waking from Samadhi. 2 As one beholds the fibrous pith after extracting it from a blade of the Saccharum Munja, even so the Yogin beholds the soul, extracting it from the body. The body has been called the Saccharum Munja, and the fibrous pith is said to stand for the soul. This is the excellent illustration propounded by persons conversant with Yoga. When the bearer of a body adequately beholds the soul in Yoga, he then has no one that is master over him, for he then becomes the lord of the three worlds. 3 He succeeds in assuming diverse bodies according as he wishes. Turning away decrepitude and death, he neither grieves nor exults. The self-restrained man, concentrated in Yoga, can create (for himself) the godship of the very gods. Casting off his transient body he attains to immutable Brahma. 4 No fear springs up in him at even the sight of all creatures falling victims to destruction (before his eyes). When all creatures are afflicted,— he can never be afflicted by any one. Devoid of desire and possessed of a tranquil mind, the person in Yoga is never shaken by pain and sorrow and fear, the terrible effects that flow from attachment and affection. Weapons never pierce him; death does not exist for him. Nowhere in the world can be seen any one that is happier than he. Having adequately concentrated his soul, he lives steadily on himself. Turning off decrepitude and pain and pleasure, he sleeps in comfort. Casting off this human body he attains to (other) forms according to his pleasure. While one is enjoying the sovereignty that Yoga bestows, one should never fall away from devotion to Yoga. 5 When one, after adequate devotion to Yoga, beholds

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 40.2

महान आत्मा मतिर विष्णुर विश्वः शम्भुश च वीर्यवान बुद्धिः परज्ञॊपलब्धिश च तथा खयातिर धृतिः समृतिः

mahāna ātmā matira viṣṇura viśvaḥ śambhuśa ca vīryavāna buddhiḥ parajñòpalabdhiśa ca tathā khayātira dhṛtiḥ samṛtiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

इस बुद्धिपर ही अपने तीक्ष्ण सायकोंका प्रहार करूँगा

English

oneself, one then ceases to have any regard for even him of a hundred sacrifices (Indra). I Hear now how one, habituating oneself to exclusive meditation, succeeds in attaining to Yoga. Thinking of that point of the compass which has the Sun behind it, the mind should be fixed, not outside, but in the interior of that mansion in which one may happen to live. Residing within that mansion, the mind should then, with all its outward and inward (operations), behold in that particular room in which one may stay. At that time when, having deeply meditated, one beholds the All (viz., Brahman, the Soul of the universe), there is then nothing external to Brahman where the mind may dwell. Restraining all the senses in a forest that is free from noise and that is uninhabited, with mind fixed thereon, one should meditate on the All (or universal Brahman) both outside and inside one's body. One should meditate on the teeth, the palate, the tongue, the throat, the neck likewise; one should also meditate on the heart and the ligatures of the

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 40.3

पर्याय वाचकैः शब्दैर महान आत्मा विभाव्यते तं जानन बराह्मणॊ विद्वान न परमॊहं निगच्छति

paryāya vācakaiḥ śabdaira mahāna ātmā vibhāvyate taṃ jānana barāhmaṇò vidvāna na paramòhaṃ nigacchati

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्यान् बाणान् समीक्षस्व यैस्त्वं मां सूदयिष्यसि

English

The great Self is described by words that are synonyms; the wise brahmin who knows it does not come to delusion.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 40.4

सर्वतः पाणिपादश च सर्वतॊ ऽकषिशिरॊमुखः सर्वतः शरुतिमाँल लॊके सर्वं वयाप्य स तिष्ठति

sarvataḥ pāṇipādaśa ca sarvatò 'kaṣiśiròmukhaḥ sarvataḥ śarutimā~la lòke sarvaṃ vayāpya sa tiṣṭhati

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाध्यगच्छत् परं शक्‍त्या बाणमेतेषु सप्तसु

English

With hands and feet everywhere, with eyes, heads and mouths everywhere, with hearing everywhere in the world, it stands pervading all.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 40.5

महाप्रभार्चिः पुरुषः सर्वस्य हृदि निश्रितः अणिमा लघिमा पराप्तिर ईशानॊ जयॊतिर अव्ययः

mahāprabhārciḥ puruṣaḥ sarvasya hṛdi niśritaḥ aṇimā laghimā parāptira īśānò jayòtira avyayaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

दूसरा कोई कल्याणकारी साधन नहीं प्रतीत हुआ

English

The Person of great light and flame, lodged in the heart of all, minuteness, lightness, attainment, lordship, imperishable light:

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 40.6

तत्र बुद्धिमतां लॊकाः संन्यासनिरताश च ये धयानिनॊ नित्ययॊगाश च सत्यसंधा जितेन्द्रियाः

tatra buddhimatāṃ lòkāḥ saṃnyāsaniratāśa ca ye dhayāninò nityayògāśa ca satyasaṃdhā jitendriyāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

स एकाग्रं मन: कृत्वा निश्चलो योगमास्थित:

English

there are the worlds of the wise, of those devoted to renunciation, the meditators, constant yogis, true to their promises and masters of their senses,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 40.7

जञानवन्तश च ये के चिद अलुब्धा जितमन्यवः परसन्नमनसॊ धीरा निर्ममा निरहंकृताः विमुक्ताः सर्व एवैते महत्त्वम उपयान्ति वै

jañānavantaśa ca ye ke cida alubdhā jitamanyavaḥ parasannamanasò dhīrā nirmamā nirahaṃkṛtāḥ vimuktāḥ sarva evaite mahattvama upayānti vai

हिन्दी अर्थ

योगेनात्मानमाविश्य सिद्धि परमिकां गत:

English

and some who are learned, free of greed, anger conquered, calm of mind, steadfast, without possessiveness or ego: all these, freed, attain greatness.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 40.8

आत्मनॊ महतॊ वेद यः पुण्यां गतिम उत्तमाम स धीरः सर्वलॊकेषु न मॊहम अधिगच्छति विष्णुर एवादि सर्गेषु सवयम्भूर भवति परभुः

ātmanò mahatò veda yaḥ puṇyāṃ gatima uttamāma sa dhīraḥ sarvalòkeṣu na mòhama adhigacchati viṣṇura evādi sargeṣu savayambhūra bhavati parabhuḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

इति पश्चान्मया ज्ञातं योगान्नास्ति परं सुखम्

English

The steadfast one who knows the holy highest goal of the great Self does not come to delusion in all worlds; Vishnu himself becomes the lord, self-existent, in the first creations.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 40.9

एवं हि यॊ वेद गुहा शयं परभुं; नरः पुराणं पुरुषं विश्वरूपम हिरण्मयं बुद्धिमतां परां गतिं; स बुद्धिमान बुद्धिम अतीत्य तिष्ठति

evaṃ hi yò veda guhā śayaṃ parabhuṃ; naraḥ purāṇaṃ puruṣaṃ viśvarūpama hiraṇmayaṃ buddhimatāṃ parāṃ gatiṃ; sa buddhimāna buddhima atītya tiṣṭhati

हिन्दी अर्थ

आस्थित: सुमहाभागो ययौ सिद्धि च दुर्गमाम्

English

The man who thus knows the lord who rests in the cave, the ancient Person of universal form, golden, the highest goal of the wise, the wise one stands beyond understanding.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 41.1

[बर] य उत्पन्नॊ महान पूर्वम अहंकारः स उच्यते अहम इत्य एव संभूतॊ दवितीयः सर्ग उच्यते

[bara] ya utpannò mahāna pūrvama ahaṃkāraḥ sa ucyate ahama itya eva saṃbhūtò davitīyaḥ sarga ucyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रहर्ष: प्रीतिरानन्दस्त्रयस्ते सात््चिका गुणा:

English

"The Brahmana continued, 'Thus addressed by me, that intelligent disciple, O slayer of Madhu, once more asked me about this religion of Emancipation that is so difficult to explain. How does this food that is eaten from time to time become digested in the stomach? How does it become transformed into juice? How, again, into blood? How does it nourish the flesh, the marrow, the sinews, the bones? How do all these limbs of embodied creatures grow? How does the strength grow of the growing man? How occurs the escape of all such elements as are not nutritive, and of all impurities separately? How does this one inhale and again, exhale? Staying upon what particular part does the Soul dwell in the body? How does Jiva, exerting himself, bear the body? Of what colour and of what kind is the body in which he dwells again (leaving a particular body)? O holy one, it behoveth thee to tell me all this accurately, O sinless one,— even thus was I interrogated by that learned Brahmana, O Madhava. I replied unto him, O thou of mighty arms, after the manner I myself had heard, O chastiser of all foes. As one placing some

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 41.2

अहंकारश च भूतादिर वैकारिक इति समृतः तेजसश चेतना धातुः परजा सर्गः परजापतिः

ahaṃkāraśa ca bhūtādira vaikārika iti samṛtaḥ tejasaśa cetanā dhātuḥ parajā sargaḥ parajāpatiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

जेतुं परानुत्सहते प्रशान्तात्मा जितेन्द्रिय:

English

precious object in one's store-room should keep one's mind on it, so, placing the mind within one's own body, one should then, restraining all the senses, seek after the Soul, avoiding all heedlessness. One would, becoming always assiduous in this way and gratified with one's own self, within a very short time attain to that Brahma by beholding which one would become conversant with Pradhana. I He is not capable of being seized by the eye; nor even by all the senses. 2 It is only with the lamp of the mind that great Soul can be seen. He has hands and feet on all sides; he has ears on all sides; he dwells, pervading all things in the world. 3 Jiva beholds the Soul as extracted from the body (like the stalk from a blade of Saccharum Munja, when knowledge comes). Then casting off Brahma as invested with form, by holding the mind in the body, he beholds Brahma as freed from all attributes. 4 He sees the Soul with his mind, smiling as it were at the time. Depending upon that Brahma, he then attains to Emancipation in me. 5 O foremost of regenerate ones, all this mystery has now been declared by me. I ask thy permission, for I shall leave this spot. Do thou (also) go withersoever thou pleasest. Thus addressed by me, O Krishna, on that occasion, that disciple of mine, endued with austere penances, that Brahmana of rigid vows, went away according to his pleasure.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 41.3

देवानां परभवॊ देवॊ मनसश च तरिलॊककृत अहम इत्य एव तत सर्वम अभिमन्ता स उच्यते

devānāṃ parabhavò devò manasaśa ca tarilòkakṛta ahama itya eva tata sarvama abhimantā sa ucyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

द्वारा इन पूर्वोक्त गुणोंका उच्छेद करके दूसरोंको जीतनेका उत्साह करते हैं

English

" Vasudeva continued, 'That best of Brahmanas, O son of Pritha, having said these words unto me, on that occasion, properly relating to the religion of Emancipation, disappeared then and there. Has this discourse been heard by thee, O son of Pritha, with mind directed solely towards it? Even this was what thou didst hear on that occasion while thou wert on thy car. It is my opinion, O son of Pritha, that this is difficult of being comprehended by one whose understanding is confused, or who has acquired no wisdom by study, or who eats food incompatible with his body, or whose Soul is not purified. 6 O chief of Bharata's race, this is a great mystery among the deities that has been declared (to thee). At no time or place, O son of Pritha, has this been heard by man in this world. O sinless one, no other man than thyself is deserving of hearing it. It is not, at this time, capable of being easily understood by one whose inner soul is confused. The world of the deities is filled, O son of Kunti, with those who follow the religion of actions. The cessation of the mortal

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 41.4

अध्यात्मज्ञाननित्यानां मुनीनां भावितात्मनाम सवाध्यायक्रतुसिद्धानाम एष लॊकः सनातनः

adhyātmajñānanityānāṃ munīnāṃ bhāvitātmanāma savādhyāyakratusiddhānāma eṣa lòkaḥ sanātanaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

अम्बरीषेण या गीता राज्ञा पूर्व प्रशाम्यता

English

" Vasudeva continued, 'That best of Brahmanas, O son of Pritha, having said these words unto me, on that occasion, properly relating to the religion of Emancipation, disappeared then and there. Has this discourse been heard by thee, O son of Pritha, with mind directed solely towards it? Even this was what thou didst hear on that occasion while thou wert on thy car. It is my opinion, O son of Pritha, that this is difficult of being comprehended by one whose understanding is confused, or who has acquired no wisdom by study, or who eats food incompatible with his body, or whose Soul is not purified. 6 O chief of Bharata's race, this is a great mystery among the deities that has been declared (to thee). At no time or place, O son of Pritha, has this been heard by man in this world. O sinless one, no other man than thyself is deserving of hearing it. It is not, at this time, capable of being easily understood by one whose inner soul is confused. The world of the deities is filled, O son of Kunti, with those who follow the religion of actions. The cessation of the mortal

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 41.5

अहंकारेणाहरतॊ गुणान इमान; भूतादिर एवं सृजते स भूतकृत वैकारिकः सर्वम इदं विचेष्टते; सवतेजसा रज्ड्जयते जगत तथा

ahaṃkāreṇāharatò guṇāna imāna; bhūtādira evaṃ sṛjate sa bhūtakṛta vaikārikaḥ sarvama idaṃ viceṣṭate; savatejasā rajḍjayate jagata tathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

कभी शान्तिपरायण महाराज अम्बरीषने इस गाथाका गान किया था

English

" Vasudeva continued, 'That best of Brahmanas, O son of Pritha, having said these words unto me, on that occasion, properly relating to the religion of Emancipation, disappeared then and there. Has this discourse been heard by thee, O son of Pritha, with mind directed solely towards it? Even this was what thou didst hear on that occasion while thou wert on thy car. It is my opinion, O son of Pritha, that this is difficult of being comprehended by one whose understanding is confused, or who has acquired no wisdom by study, or who eats food incompatible with his body, or whose Soul is not purified. 6 O chief of Bharata's race, this is a great mystery among the deities that has been declared (to thee). At no time or place, O son of Pritha, has this been heard by man in this world. O sinless one, no other man than thyself is deserving of hearing it. It is not, at this time, capable of being easily understood by one whose inner soul is confused. The world of the deities is filled, O son of Kunti, with those who follow the religion of actions. The cessation of the mortal

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.1

[बर] अहंकारात परसूतानि महाभूतानि पञ्च वै पृथिवी वायुर आकाशम आपॊ जयॊतिश च पञ्चमम

[bara] ahaṃkārāta parasūtāni mahābhūtāni pañca vai pṛthivī vāyura ākāśama āpò jayòtiśa ca pañcamama

हिन्दी अर्थ

जग्राह तरसा राज्यमम्बरीषो महायशा:

English

form (by practising the religion of inaction) is not agreeable to the deities, l That goal, O son of Pritha, is the highest which is constituted by eternal Brahman where one, casting off the body, attains to immortality and becomes always happy. By adhering to this religion, even they who axe of sinful birth, such as women and Vaisyas and Sudras, attain to the highest goal. What need be said then, O son of Pritha, of Brahmanas and Kshatriyas possessed of great learning, always devoted to the duties of their own orders and who are intent on (the acquisition of) the region of Brahma? This has been laid down with the reasons (on which it rests); and also the means for its acquisition; and its complete attainment and fruit, viz., Emancipation and the ascertainment of the truth regarding pain. O chief of Bharata's race, there is nothing else that is fraught with happiness greater than this. That mortal, O son of Pandu, who, endued with intelligence, and faith, and prowess, renounces as unsubstantial what is regarded as substantial by the world, succeeds within a short time in obtaining the Supreme by these means. This is all that is to be said,— there is nothing else that is higher than this. Yoga takes place in his case, O son of Pritha, who devotes himself to its constant practice for a period of six months.'"

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.2

तेषु भूतानि मुह्यन्ते महाभूतेषु पञ्चसु शब्दस्पर्शन रूपेषु रसगन्धक्रियासु च

teṣu bhūtāni muhyante mahābhūteṣu pañcasu śabdasparśana rūpeṣu rasagandhakriyāsu ca

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राचीन इतिहासका उदाहरण दिया जाता है

English

Beings are bewildered in the five great elements, in sound, touch, form, taste, smell and action.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.3

महाभूतविनाशान्ते परलये परत्युपस्थिते सर्वप्राणभृतां धीरा महद उत्पद्यते भयम

mahābhūtavināśānte paralaye paratyupasthite sarvaprāṇabhṛtāṃ dhīrā mahada utpadyate bhayama

हिन्दी अर्थ

विषयं नाधिगच्छामि विचिन्वन् पृथिवीमहम्

English

At the end of the destruction of the great elements, when dissolution has come, great fear arises, steadfast one, for all who bear life.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.4

यद्य अस्माज जायते भूतं तत्र तत परविलीयते लीयन्ते परतिलॊमानि जायन्ते चॊत्तरॊत्तरम

yadya asmāja jāyate bhūtaṃ tatra tata paravilīyate līyante paratilòmāni jāyante còttaròttarama

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाध्यगच्छमहं बुद्ध्या ममेदमिति यद् भवेत्

English

If a being is born from something, it dissolves back into it; they dissolve in reverse order and are born in succeeding order.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.5

ततः परलीने सर्वस्मिन भूते सथावरजङ्गमे समृतिमन्तस तदा धीरा न लीयन्ते कदा चन

tataḥ paralīne sarvasmina bhūte sathāvarajaṅgame samṛtimantasa tadā dhīrā na līyante kadā cana

हिन्दी अर्थ

इत्यर्थ सर्व एवेति समारम्भा भवन्ति वै

English

Then when all beings, immovable and moving, are dissolved, the steadfast, remembering, are never dissolved.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.6

शब्दः सपर्शस तथारूपं रसॊ गन्धश च पञ्चमः करिया कारणयुक्ताः सयुर अनित्या मॊहसंज्ञिताः

śabdaḥ saparśasa tathārūpaṃ rasò gandhaśa ca pañcamaḥ kariyā kāraṇayuktāḥ sayura anityā mòhasaṃjñitāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

बहु चाल्प॑ च संक्षिप्तं विप्लुतं च मतं मम

English

Sound, touch, form, taste, and smell as fifth, joined with action and cause, are impermanent, called delusion.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.7

लॊभप्रजन संयुक्ता निर्विशेषा हय अकिंचनाः मांसशॊणितसंघाता अन्यॊन्यस्यॊपजीविनः

lòbhaprajana saṃyuktā nirviśeṣā haya akiṃcanāḥ māṃsaśòṇitasaṃghātā anyònyasyòpajīvinaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

ग्रहीतुं येन यच्छक्यं लक्षणं तस्य तत् क्व नु

English

Joined with greed and procreation, without distinction, owning nothing, masses of flesh and blood, living on one another,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.8

बहिर आत्मान इत्य एते दीनाः कृपण वृत्तयः पराणापानाव उदानश च समानॊ वयान एव च

bahira ātmāna itya ete dīnāḥ kṛpaṇa vṛttayaḥ parāṇāpānāva udānaśa ca samānò vayāna eva ca

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपायमेव वक्ष्यामि येन गृहोत वा न वा

English

they are called external selves, wretched, of miserable conduct. Prana, apana, udana, samana and vyana,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.9

अन्तरात्मेति चाप्य एते नियताः पञ्च वायवः वान मनॊ बुद्धिर इत्य एभिर सार्धम अष्टात्मकं जगत

antarātmeti cāpya ete niyatāḥ pañca vāyavaḥ vāna manò buddhira itya ebhira sārdhama aṣṭātmakaṃ jagata

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यक्तरूप अंशोंकी कल्पना कर लें

English

these five winds are called the inner self; with speech, mind and intellect, they make the world eight-fold.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.10

तवग घराणश्रॊत्रचक्षूंषि रसनं वाक च संयता विशुद्धं च मनॊ यस्य बुद्धिश चाव्यभिचारिणी

tavaga gharāṇaśròtracakṣūṃṣi rasanaṃ vāka ca saṃyatā viśuddhaṃ ca manò yasya buddhiśa cāvyabhicāriṇī

हिन्दी अर्थ

महाराज अम्बरीषने बलपूर्वक राज्यकी बागडोर अपने हाथमें ली

English

sarvamasmityabhimanamapyakurvan i.e., 'without even retaining the consciousness of his own identity with everything.' Kinchikachintayan—i.e., not even thinking that he is existing. Purvam purvam parity ajy a implies the gradual merging of the grosser in the subtler, i.e., the successive stages of Yoga before absorption into Brahman. I follow Nilakantha.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.11

अष्टौ यस्याग्नयॊ हय एते न दहन्ते मनः सदा स तद बरह्म शुभं याति यस्माद भूयॊ न विद्यते

aṣṭau yasyāgnayò haya ete na dahante manaḥ sadā sa tada barahma śubhaṃ yāti yasmāda bhūyò na vidyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

जगाम महतीं सिद्धि गाथाश्षेमा जगाद ह

English

mudham implies 'without ease or happiness, endued with slavery and ignorance.'

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.12

एकादश च यान्य आहुर इन्द्रियाणि विशेषतः अहंकारप्रसूतानि तानि वक्ष्याम्य अहं दविजाः

ekādaśa ca yānya āhura indriyāṇi viśeṣataḥ ahaṃkāraprasūtāni tāni vakṣyāmya ahaṃ davijāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

सिद्धि प्राप्त हुई और उन्होंने यह गाथा गायी--

English

superinduced upon it by Ne-science or ignorance.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.13

शरॊत्रं तवक चक्षुषी जिह्वा नासिका चैव पञ्चमी पादौ पायुर उपस्थं च हस्तौ वाग दशमी भवेत

śaròtraṃ tavaka cakṣuṣī jihvā nāsikā caiva pañcamī pādau pāyura upasthaṃ ca hastau vāga daśamī bhaveta

हिन्दी अर्थ

संसारमें नीच कर्मोंकी ओर दौड़ता है, सचेत नहीं होता

English

Brahman. Dissociation from attributes while enjoying them implies an emancipate condition.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.14

इन्द्रियग्राम इत्य एष मन एकादशं भवेत एतं गरामं जयेत पूर्वं ततॊ बरह्म परकाशते

indriyagrāma itya eṣa mana ekādaśaṃ bhaveta etaṃ garāmaṃ jayeta pūrvaṃ tatò barahma parakāśate

हिन्दी अर्थ

त॑ लोभमसिभिस्तीणैर्निकृत्य सुखमेधते

English

individual existence by absorption into universal and eternal Brahman.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.15

बुद्धीन्द्रियाणि पञ्चाहुः पञ्च कर्मेन्द्रियाणि च शरॊत्रादीन्य अपि पञ्चाहुर बुद्धियुक्तानि तत्त्वतः

buddhīndriyāṇi pañcāhuḥ pañca karmendriyāṇi ca śaròtrādīnya api pañcāhura buddhiyuktāni tattvataḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

मृत्युं पुनर्गच्छति जन्मनैव

English

The latter, again, should be destroyed before absorption into Brahman can occur.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.16

अविशेषाणि चान्यानि कर्म युक्तानि तानि तु उभयत्र मनॊ जञेयं बुद्धिर दवादशमी भवेत

aviśeṣāṇi cānyāni karma yuktāni tāni tu ubhayatra manò jañeyaṃ buddhira davādaśamī bhaveta

हिन्दी अर्थ

बन्धनमें पड़ता है

English

Other undifferentiated things are joined with action. In both, the mind is to be known, and the intellect is the twelfth.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.17

इत्य उक्तानीन्द्रियाणीमान्य एकादश मया करमात मन्यन्ते कृतम इत्य एव विदित्वैतानि पण्डिताः

itya uktānīndriyāṇīmānya ekādaśa mayā karamāta manyante kṛtama itya eva viditvaitāni paṇḍitāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

मात्मैव राजा विदितो यथावत्

English

These eleven senses have been told by me in order; the wise, knowing them, think "it is done".

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.18

तरीणि सथानानि भूतानां चतुर्थं नॊपपद्यते सथलम आपस तथाकाशं जन्म चापि चतुर्विधम

tarīṇi sathānāni bhūtānāṃ caturthaṃ nòpapadyate sathalama āpasa tathākāśaṃ janma cāpi caturvidhama

हिन्दी अर्थ

अधिराज्यं पुरस्कृत्य लोभमेकं॑ निकृन्तता

English

Beings have three places; a fourth does not occur: land, water and sky; birth too is fourfold.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.19

अण्डजॊद्भिज्ज संस्वेद जरायुजम अथापि च चतुर्धा जन्म इत्य एतद भूतग्रामस्य लक्ष्यते

aṇḍajòdbhijja saṃsveda jarāyujama athāpi ca caturdhā janma itya etada bhūtagrāmasya lakṣyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

उच्छेद करते हुए उपर्युक्त गाथाका गान किया था

English

Egg-born, sprouting, sweat-born and womb-born: this fourfold birth is marked for the whole host of beings.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.20

अचराण्य अपि भूतानि खेचराणि तथैव च अण्डजानि विजानीयात सर्वांश चैव सरीसृपान

acarāṇya api bhūtāni khecarāṇi tathaiva ca aṇḍajāni vijānīyāta sarvāṃśa caiva sarīsṛpāna

हिन्दी अर्थ

--“ब्रह्मन! आप मेरे देशसे बाहर चले जाइये”

English

Know the immovable beings, and also those that move in the air, as egg-born, and all creeping things too.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.21

संस्वेदाः कृमयः परॊक्ता जन्तवश च तथाविधाः जन्म दवितीयम इत्य एतज जघन्यतरम उच्यते

saṃsvedāḥ kṛmayaḥ paròktā jantavaśa ca tathāvidhāḥ janma davitīyama itya etaja jaghanyatarama ucyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

आचक्ष्व विषयं राजन् यावांस्तव वशे स्थित:

English

Sweat-born are said to be worms and such creatures; this second birth is called the lowest.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.22

भित्त्वा तु पृथिवीं यानि जायन्ते कालपर्ययात उद्भिज्जानीति तान्य आहुर भूतानि दविजसत्तमाः

bhittvā tu pṛthivīṃ yāni jāyante kālaparyayāta udbhijjānīti tānya āhura bhūtāni davijasattamāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

जितना देश है, उसकी सीमा बताइये

English

Beings that are born, at the turn of time, by splitting the earth, best of brahmins, are called sprouts.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.23

दविपाद बहुपादानि तिर्यग्गतिमतीनि च जरायुजानि भूतानि वित्ततान्य अपि सत्तमाः

davipāda bahupādāni tiryaggatimatīni ca jarāyujāni bhūtāni vittatānya api sattamāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

वचस्ते कर्तुमिच्छामि यथाशास्त्रं महीपते

English

Two-footed and many-footed beings, and those going across, know them, good ones, to be womb-born.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.24

दविविधापीह विज्ञेया बरह्मयॊनिः सनातना तपः कर्म च यत पुण्यम इत्य एष विदुषां नयः

davividhāpīha vijñeyā barahmayòniḥ sanātanā tapaḥ karma ca yata puṇyama itya eṣa viduṣāṃ nayaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुहुरुष्णं विनि:श्वस्य न किंचित् प्रत्यभाषत

English

The eternal womb of Brahman is to be known as twofold here: austerity and action, which is merit; so is the view of the wise.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.25

दविविधं कर्म विज्ञेयम इज्या दानं च यन मखे जातस्याध्ययनं पुण्यम इति वृद्धानुशासनम

davividhaṃ karma vijñeyama ijyā dānaṃ ca yana makhe jātasyādhyayanaṃ puṇyama iti vṛddhānuśāsanama

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुछ जवाब न दे सके

English

Action is to be known as twofold: sacrifice and giving at the sacrifice; and study by one who is born is merit: so say the aged.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.26

एतद यॊ वेद विधिवत स मुखः सयाद दविजर्षभाः विमुक्तः सर्वपापेभ्य इति चैव निबॊधत

etada yò veda vidhivata sa mukhaḥ sayāda davijarṣabhāḥ vimuktaḥ sarvapāpebhya iti caiva nibòdhata

हिन्दी अर्थ

कश्मलं सहसागच्छद् भानुमन्तमिव ग्रह:

English

One who knows this by rule, best of brahmins, would be a chief; and learn this too: that he is freed from all sins.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.27

आकाशं परथमं भूतं शरॊत्रम अध्यात्मम उच्यते अधिभूतं तथा शब्दॊ दिशस तत्राधिदैवतम

ākāśaṃ parathamaṃ bhūtaṃ śaròtrama adhyātmama ucyate adhibhūtaṃ tathā śabdò diśasa tatrādhidaivatama

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रकार मोहने सहसा घेर लिया जैसे राहु ग्रह सूर्यको घेर लेता है

English

Space is the first element; hearing is its spiritual aspect, sound its elemental aspect, the directions its divine aspect.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.28

दवितीयं मारुतॊ भूतं तवग अध्यात्मं च विश्रुतम सप्रष्टव्यम अधिभूतं च विद्युत तत्राधिदैवतम

davitīyaṃ mārutò bhūtaṃ tavaga adhyātmaṃ ca viśrutama sapraṣṭavyama adhibhūtaṃ ca vidyuta tatrādhidaivatama

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततो मुहूर्तादिव त॑ ब्राह्मणं वाक्यमब्रवीत्

English

The second element is wind; skin is its spiritual aspect, the touchable its elemental, lightning its divine aspect.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.29

तृतीयं जयॊतिर इत्य आहुर चक्षुर अध्यात्मम उच्यते अधिभूतं ततॊ रूपं सूर्यस तत्राधिदैवतम

tṛtīyaṃ jayòtira itya āhura cakṣura adhyātmama ucyate adhibhūtaṃ tatò rūpaṃ sūryasa tatrādhidaivatama

हिन्दी अर्थ

रहनेके बाद वे ब्राह्मणसे बोले

English

The third they call light; the eye is the spiritual aspect, form the elemental, the sun the divine aspect.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.30

चतुर्थम आपॊ विज्ञेयं जिह्वा चाध्यात्मम इष्यते अधिभूतं रसश चात्र सॊमस तत्राधिदैवतम

caturthama āpò vijñeyaṃ jihvā cādhyātmama iṣyate adhibhūtaṃ rasaśa cātra sòmasa tatrādhidaivatama

हिन्दी अर्थ

मुझे अपना देश नहीं दिखायी देता

English

The fourth is to be known as water; the tongue is the spiritual aspect, taste the elemental here, the moon the divine aspect.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.31

पृथिवी पञ्चमं भूतं घराणश चाध्यात्मम इष्यते अधिभूतं तथा गन्धॊ वायुस तत्राधिदैवतम

pṛthivī pañcamaṃ bhūtaṃ gharāṇaśa cādhyātmama iṣyate adhibhūtaṃ tathā gandhò vāyusa tatrādhidaivatama

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाध्यगच्छं यदा तस्यां स्वप्रजा मार्गिता मया

English

Earth is the fifth element; the nose is the spiritual aspect, smell the elemental, wind the divine aspect.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.32

एष पञ्चसु भूतेषु चतुष्टय विधिः समृतः अतः परं परवक्ष्यामि सर्वं तरिविधम इन्द्रियम

eṣa pañcasu bhūteṣu catuṣṭaya vidhiḥ samṛtaḥ ataḥ paraṃ paravakṣyāmi sarvaṃ tarividhama indriyama

हिन्दी अर्थ

अधिकारका निश्चय न हुआ, तब मुझे मोह हो गया

English

This is the fourfold rule among the five elements. Next I shall tell all the senses, threefold.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.33

पादाव अध्यात्मम इत्य आहुर बराह्मणास तत्त्वदर्शिनः अधिभूतं तु गन्तव्यं विष्णुस तत्राधिदैवतम

pādāva adhyātmama itya āhura barāhmaṇāsa tattvadarśinaḥ adhibhūtaṃ tu gantavyaṃ viṣṇusa tatrādhidaivatama

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततो मे कश्मलस्यान्ते मति: पुनरुपस्थिता

English

Brahmins who see reality say the feet are the spiritual aspect; the elemental is what is to be gone to, and Vishnu the divine aspect.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.34

अवाग गतिर अपानश च पायुर अध्यात्मम इष्यते अधिभूतं विसर्वश च मित्रस तत्राधिदैवतम

avāga gatira apānaśa ca pāyura adhyātmama iṣyate adhibhūtaṃ visarvaśa ca mitrasa tatrādhidaivatama

हिन्दी अर्थ

आत्मापि चायं न मम सर्वा वा पृथिवी मम

English

The downward-going apana and the anus are the spiritual aspect; discharge is the elemental, Mitra the divine aspect.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.35

परजनः सर्वभूतानाम उपस्थॊ ऽधयात्मम उच्यते अधिभूतं तथा शुक्रं दैवतं च परजापतिः

parajanaḥ sarvabhūtānāma upasthò 'dhayātmama ucyate adhibhūtaṃ tathā śukraṃ daivataṃ ca parajāpatiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

उष्यतां यावदुत्साहो भुज्यतां यावदुष्यते

English

The generative organ of all beings is called the spiritual aspect; semen the elemental, and Prajapati the deity.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.36

हस्ताव अध्यात्मम इत्य आहुर अध्यात्मविदुषॊ जनाः अधिभूतं तु कर्माणि शक्रस तत्राधिदैवतम

hastāva adhyātmama itya āhura adhyātmaviduṣò janāḥ adhibhūtaṃ tu karmāṇi śakrasa tatrādhidaivatama

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्रूहि कां मतिमास्थाय ममत्वं वर्जित त्वया

English

Those who know the spiritual call the hands the spiritual aspect; actions are the elemental, Shakra the divine aspect.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.37

वैश्वदेवी मनः पूर्वा वाग अध्यात्मम इहॊच्यते वक्तव्यम अधिभूतं च वह्निस तत्राधिदैवतम

vaiśvadevī manaḥ pūrvā vāga adhyātmama ihòcyate vaktavyama adhibhūtaṃ ca vahnisa tatrādhidaivatama

हिन्दी अर्थ

ममताको त्याग दिया है?

English

The Vaishvadevi, with mind first, speech is here called the spiritual; the speakable is elemental, and Fire the divine aspect.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.38

अध्यात्मं मन इत्य आहुः पञ्च भूतानुचारकम अधिभूतं च मन्यव्यं चन्द्रमाश चाधिदैवतम

adhyātmaṃ mana itya āhuḥ pañca bhūtānucārakama adhibhūtaṃ ca manyavyaṃ candramāśa cādhidaivatama

हिन्दी अर्थ

नावैषि विषयं येन सर्वो वा विषयस्तव

English

They call the mind spiritual, following the five elements; the thinkable is elemental, and the Moon the divine aspect.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.39

अध्यात्मं बुद्धिर इत्य आहुः षडिन्द्रिय विचारिणी अधिभूतं तु विज्ञेयं बरह्मा तत्राधिदैवतम

adhyātmaṃ buddhira itya āhuḥ ṣaḍindriya vicāriṇī adhibhūtaṃ tu vijñeyaṃ barahmā tatrādhidaivatama

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाध्यगच्छमहं तस्मान्ममेदमिति यद् भवेत्

English

They call the intellect spiritual, moving among the six senses; the knowable is elemental, and Brahma the divine aspect.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.40

यथावद अध्यात्मविधिर एष वः कीर्तितॊ मया जञानम अस्य हि धर्मज्ञाः पराप्तं बुद्धिमताम इह

yathāvada adhyātmavidhira eṣa vaḥ kīrtitò mayā jañānama asya hi dharmajñāḥ parāptaṃ buddhimatāma iha

हिन्दी अर्थ

पड़ती, जिसे अपनी कह सकें

English

This rule of the spiritual has been told to you by me truly; knowledge of it, knowers of dharma, is gained here by the wise.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.41

इन्द्रियाणीन्द्रियार्थाश च महाभूतानि पञ्च च सर्वाण्य एतानि संधाय मनसा संप्रधारयेत

indriyāṇīndriyārthāśa ca mahābhūtāni pañca ca sarvāṇya etāni saṃdhāya manasā saṃpradhārayeta

हिन्दी अर्थ

शृणु बुद्धि च यां ज्ञात्वा सर्वत्र विषयो मम

English

The senses, the objects of the senses and the five great elements: one should reflect on all these, joining them with the mind.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.42

कषीणे मनसि सर्वस्मिन न जन्म सुखम इष्यते जञानसंपन्न सत्त्वानां तत सुखं विदुषां मतम

kaṣīṇe manasi sarvasmina na janma sukhama iṣyate jañānasaṃpanna sattvānāṃ tata sukhaṃ viduṣāṃ matama

हिन्दी अर्थ

जिस बुद्धिका आश्रय लेकर मैं सर्वत्र अपना ही राज्य समझता हूँ, उसको सुनो

English

When the whole mind is exhausted, birth is not sought for happiness; that is the happiness the wise hold for those whose goodness is endowed with knowledge.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.43

अतः परं परवक्ष्यामि सूक्ष्मभावकरीं शिवाम निवृत्तिं सर्वभूतेषु मृदुना दारुणेन वा

ataḥ paraṃ paravakṣyāmi sūkṣmabhāvakarīṃ śivāma nivṛttiṃ sarvabhūteṣu mṛdunā dāruṇena vā

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मान्मे निर्जिता भूमिर्वशे तिष्ठति नित्यदा

English

Next I shall tell the auspicious withdrawal from all beings that makes for subtle states, by gentle or by harsh means.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.44

गुणागुणम अनासङ्गम एकचर्यम अनन्तरम एतद बराह्मणतॊ वृत्तम आहुर एकपदं सुखम

guṇāguṇama anāsaṅgama ekacaryama anantarama etada barāhmaṇatò vṛttama āhura ekapadaṃ sukhama

हिन्दी अर्थ

चाहता। इसलिये मैंने पृथ्वीको जीत लिया है और वह सदा ही मेरे वशमें रहती है

English

Without attachment to qualities or non-qualities, a solitary course follows; they say this conduct from the brahmin is the one-step happiness.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.45

विद्वान कूर्म इवाङ्गानि कामान संहृत्य सर्वशः विरजाः सर्वतॊ मुक्तॊ यॊ नरः स सुखी सदा

vidvāna kūrma ivāṅgāni kāmāna saṃhṛtya sarvaśaḥ virajāḥ sarvatò muktò yò naraḥ sa sukhī sadā

हिन्दी अर्थ

इसलिये जलतत्त्वपर भी मैं विजय पा चुका हूँ और वह सदा मेरे अधीन रहता है

English

The learned man who withdraws all desires from everywhere, like a tortoise its limbs, free of passion, freed everywhere, is always happy.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.46

कामान आत्मनि संयम्य कषीणतृष्णः समाहितः सर्वभूतसुहृन मैत्रॊ बरह्मभूयं स गच्छति

kāmāna ātmani saṃyamya kaṣīṇatṛṣṇaḥ samāhitaḥ sarvabhūtasuhṛna maitrò barahmabhūyaṃ sa gacchati

हिन्दी अर्थ

इसलिये मैंने तेजको जीत लिया है और वह सदा मेरे अधीन रहता है

English

Restraining desires in the self, with thirst exhausted, composed, a friend of all beings, kindly, he goes to Brahman-hood.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.47

इन्द्रियाणां निरॊधेन सर्वेषां विषयैषिणाम मुनेर जनपद तयागाद अध्यात्माग्निः समिध्यते

indriyāṇāṃ niròdhena sarveṣāṃ viṣayaiṣiṇāma munera janapada tayāgāda adhyātmāgniḥ samidhyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मान्मे निर्जितो वायुर्वशे तिष्ठति नित्यदा

English

By restraint of all the senses that seek objects and by the sage's abandoning of the settled country, the spiritual fire is kindled.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.48

यथाग्निर इन्धनैर इद्धॊ महाज्यॊतिः परकाशते तथेन्द्रिय निरॊधेन महान आत्मा परकाशते

yathāgnira indhanaira iddhò mahājyòtiḥ parakāśate tathendriya niròdhena mahāna ātmā parakāśate

हिन्दी अर्थ

मेरे द्वारा जीता हुआ वायु सदा मेरे वशमें रहता है

English

As a fire kindled by fuel shines with great light, so by restraint of the senses the great Self shines.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.49

यदा पश्यति भूतानि परसन्नात्मात्मनॊ हृदि सवयं यॊनिस तदा सूक्ष्मात सूक्ष्मम आप्नॊत्य अनुत्तमम

yadā paśyati bhūtāni parasannātmātmanò hṛdi savayaṃ yònisa tadā sūkṣmāta sūkṣmama āpnòtya anuttamama

हिन्दी अर्थ

चाहता, इसलिये मेरे द्वारा जीता हुआ मन सदा मेरे वशमें रहता है

English

When, serene in self, he sees beings in the heart of the self, self-originated, he then attains the subtlest of the subtle, unsurpassed.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.50

अग्नी रूपं पयः सरॊतॊ वायुः सपर्शनम एव च मही पङ्कधरं घॊरम आकाशं शरवणं तथा

agnī rūpaṃ payaḥ saròtò vāyuḥ saparśanama eva ca mahī paṅkadharaṃ ghòrama ākāśaṃ śaravaṇaṃ tathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वज्जिज्ञासार्थमद्येह विद्धि मां धर्ममागतम्

English

Fire is form, water is the stream, wind is touch, earth is the terrible bearer of mud, and space is hearing.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.51

रागशॊकसमाविष्टं पञ्च सरॊतः समावृतम पञ्च भूतसमायुक्तं नवद्वारं दविदैवतम

rāgaśòkasamāviṣṭaṃ pañca saròtaḥ samāvṛtama pañca bhūtasamāyuktaṃ navadvāraṃ davidaivatama

हिन्दी अर्थ

गृहस्थधर्मा व्रतवांस्तथास्मि

English

Filled with passion and grief, covered by five streams, joined with the five elements, nine-doored, with two deities,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.52

रजस्वलम अथादृश्यं तरिगुणं च तरिधातुकम संसर्गाभिरतं मूढं शरीरम इति धारणा

rajasvalama athādṛśyaṃ tariguṇaṃ ca taridhātukama saṃsargābhirataṃ mūḍhaṃ śarīrama iti dhāraṇā

हिन्दी अर्थ

मया व्याप्तमिदं सर्व यत् किंचिज्जगतीगतम्

English

menstruating, unseen, threefold and of three constituents, delighting in contact, deluded: this is the notion of the body.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.53

दुश्चरं जीवलॊके ऽसमिन सत्त्वं परति समाश्रितम एतद एव हि लॊके ऽसमिन कालचक्रं परवर्तते

duścaraṃ jīvalòke 'samina sattvaṃ parati samāśritama etada eva hi lòke 'samina kālacakraṃ paravartate

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषां मामन्तकं विद्धि दारूणामिव पावकम्

English

Hard to move in the world of the living, it depends on goodness; and in this world the wheel of time turns.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.54

एतन महार्णवं घॊरम अगाधं मॊहसंज्ञितम विसृजेत संक्षिपेच चैव भॊधयेत सामरं जगत

etana mahārṇavaṃ ghòrama agādhaṃ mòhasaṃjñitama visṛjeta saṃkṣipeca caiva bhòdhayeta sāmaraṃ jagata

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा बुद्धिरियं वेत्ति बुद्धिरेव धनं मम

English

This terrible, fathomless great ocean called delusion should be let go, drawn in, and awakened with the gods in the world.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.55

कामक्रॊधौ भयं मॊहम अभिद्रॊहम अथानृतम इन्द्रियाणां निरॊधेन स तांस तयजति दुस्त्यजान

kāmakròdhau bhayaṃ mòhama abhidròhama athānṛtama indriyāṇāṃ niròdhena sa tāṃsa tayajati dustyajāna

हिन्दी अर्थ

गृहेषु वनवासेषु गुरुवासेषु भिक्षुषु

English

By restraint of the senses he gives up desire, anger, fear, delusion, malice and falsehood, so hard to give up.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.56

यस्यैते निर्जिता लॊके तरिगुणाः पञ्च धातवः वयॊम्नि तस्य परं सथानम अनन्तम अथ लक्ष्यते

yasyaite nirjitā lòke tariguṇāḥ pañca dhātavaḥ vayòmni tasya paraṃ sathānama anantama atha lakṣyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

नानालिड्डाश्रमस्थानां येषां बुद्धि: शमात्मिका

English

One who in the world has conquered these, the three qualities and five elements, has his supreme, endless place seen in space.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.57

कामकूलाम अपारान्तां मनः सरॊतॊ भयावहाम नदीं दुर्ग हरदां तीर्णः कामक्रॊधाव उभौ जयेत

kāmakūlāma apārāntāṃ manaḥ saròtò bhayāvahāma nadīṃ durga haradāṃ tīrṇaḥ kāmakròdhāva ubhau jayeta

हिन्दी अर्थ

समुद्रको प्राप्त होती हैं

English

Having crossed the river with desire as its bank, endless, a stream of mind, terrible, a pool hard to pass, he conquers both desire and anger.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.58

स सर्वदॊषनिर्मुक्तस ततः पश्यति यत परम मनॊ मनसि संधाय पश्यत्य आत्मानम आत्मनि

sa sarvadòṣanirmuktasa tataḥ paśyati yata parama manò manasi saṃdhāya paśyatya ātmānama ātmani

हिन्दी अर्थ

तद्भावभावनिरता ममैवात्मानमेष्यसि

English

Freed from all faults, he then sees the Highest; placing the mind in the mind, he sees the Self in the Self.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.59

सर्ववित सर्वभूतेषु वीक्षत्य आत्मानम आत्मनि एकधा बहुधा चैव विकुर्वाणस ततस ततः

sarvavita sarvabhūteṣu vīkṣatya ātmānama ātmani ekadhā bahudhā caiva vikurvāṇasa tatasa tataḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमात्मभावकी भावनामें रत रहकर अन्तमें मेरे ही स्वरूपको प्राप्त हो जाओगी

English

The all-knowing one looks at the Self in the Self in all beings, transforming himself in one way and in many, here and there.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.60

धरुवं पश्यति रूपाणि दीपाद दीपशतं यथा स वै विष्णुश च मित्रश च वरुणॊ ऽगनिः परजापतिः

dharuvaṃ paśyati rūpāṇi dīpāda dīpaśataṃ yathā sa vai viṣṇuśa ca mitraśa ca varuṇò 'ganiḥ parajāpatiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तन्मन्ये कारण त्वत्तो यत एषा प्रवर्तते

English

He surely sees forms, as a hundred lamps from one lamp; he is Vishnu, Mitra, Varuna, Fire, Prajapati.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.61

स हि धाता विधाता च स परभुः सर्वतॊ मुखः हृदयं सर्वभूतानां महान आत्मा परकाशते

sa hi dhātā vidhātā ca sa parabhuḥ sarvatò mukhaḥ hṛdayaṃ sarvabhūtānāṃ mahāna ātmā parakāśate

हिन्दी अर्थ

तपःश्रुतेडभिमथ्नीतो ज्ञानाग्निर्जायते तत:

English

He is the Establisher and the Ordainer, the lord facing every way; the great Self shines in the heart of all beings.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 42.62

तं विप्र संघाश च सुरासुराश च; यक्षाः पिशाचाः पितरॊ वयांसि रक्षॊगणा भूतगणाश च सर्वे; महर्षयश चैव सदा सतुवन्ति

taṃ vipra saṃghāśa ca surāsurāśa ca; yakṣāḥ piśācāḥ pitarò vayāṃsi rakṣògaṇā bhūtagaṇāśa ca sarve; maharṣayaśa caiva sadā satuvanti

हिन्दी अर्थ

ज्ञानरूप अग्नि प्रकट होती है

English

Hosts of brahmins, gods and asuras, yakshas, pishachas, ancestors, birds, hosts of rakshasas and spirits, and great sages always praise him.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.1

[बर] मनुष्याणां तु राजन्यः कषत्रियॊ मध्यमॊ गुणः कुञ्जरॊ वाहनानां च सिंहश चारण्यवासिनाम

[bara] manuṣyāṇāṃ tu rājanyaḥ kaṣatriyò madhyamò guṇaḥ kuñjarò vāhanānāṃ ca siṃhaśa cāraṇyavāsināma

हिन्दी अर्थ

अभ्यासके अन्तमें ही होगा

English

possible in consequence of severe austerities undergone previously.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.2

अविः पशूनां सर्वेषाम आखुश च बिलवासिनाम गवां गॊवृषभश चैव सत्रीणां पुरुष एव च

aviḥ paśūnāṃ sarveṣāma ākhuśa ca bilavāsināma gavāṃ gòvṛṣabhaśa caiva satrīṇāṃ puruṣa eva ca

हिन्दी अर्थ

कितनी है? सत्य और तप क्या है? सत्पुरुषोंने किन गुणोंकी प्रशंसा की है?

English

The sheep among all animals, the mouse among those who dwell in holes, the bull among cows, and the man among women.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.3

नयग्रॊधॊ जम्बुवेक्षश च पिप्पलः शाल्मलिस तथा शिंशपा मेषशृङ्गश च तथा कीचक वेणवः एते दरुमाणां राजानॊ लॊके ऽसमिन नात्र संशयः

nayagròdhò jambuvekṣaśa ca pippalaḥ śālmalisa tathā śiṃśapā meṣaśṛṅgaśa ca tathā kīcaka veṇavaḥ ete darumāṇāṃ rājānò lòke 'samina nātra saṃśayaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

इहलोकस्थ एवैष ब्रह्म भूयाय कल्पते

English

Banyan, rose-apple, the vishvaka, pipal, silk-cotton, shimshapa, meshashringa, kichaka and bamboo: these are the kings of trees in this world, without doubt.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.4

हिमवान पारियात्रश च सद्यॊ विन्ध्यस तरिकूटवान शवेतॊ नीलश च भासश च काष्ठवांश चैव पर्वतः

himavāna pāriyātraśa ca sadyò vindhyasa tarikūṭavāna śavetò nīlaśa ca bhāsaśa ca kāṣṭhavāṃśa caiva parvataḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वां योनिं समतिक्रम्य वर्तन्ते स्वेन कर्मणा

English

Himavan, Pariyatra, Sadya, Vindhya, Trikutavan, Shveta, Nila, Bhasa and the mountain Kashthavan,

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.5

शुभस्कन्धॊ महेन्द्रश च माल्यवान पर्वतस तथा एते पर्वतराजानॊ गणानां मरुतस तथा

śubhaskandhò mahendraśa ca mālyavāna parvatasa tathā ete parvatarājānò gaṇānāṃ marutasa tathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्योंकि गुणोंसे युक्त हुआ सत्य ही पाँच लक्षणोंवाला निश्चित किया गया है

English

Shubhaskandha, Mahendra and the mountain Malyavan: these are the kings of mountains, and the Maruts of the hosts.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.6

सूर्यॊ गरहाणाम अधिपॊ नक्षत्राणां च चन्द्रमाः यमः पितॄणाम अधिपः सरिताम अथ सागरः

sūryò garahāṇāma adhipò nakṣatrāṇāṃ ca candramāḥ yamaḥ pitṝṇāma adhipaḥ saritāma atha sāgaraḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्याद् भूतानि जातानि सत्यं भूतमयं जगत्

English

The Sun is lord of the planets, the Moon of the stars, Yama lord of the ancestors, the Ocean of the rivers.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.7

अम्भसां वरुणॊ राजा सत्त्वानां मित्र उच्यते अर्कॊ ऽधिपतिर उष्णानां जयॊतिषाम इन्दुर उच्यते

ambhasāṃ varuṇò rājā sattvānāṃ mitra ucyate arkò 'dhipatira uṣṇānāṃ jayòtiṣāma indura ucyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

हुआ है। यह भौतिक जगत् सत्यरूप ही है

English

Varuna is king of the waters, Mitra is called the lord of beings, the Sun is lord of the hot, and the Moon is called lord of the lights.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.8

अग्निर भूतपतिर नित्यं बराह्मणानां बृहस्पतिः ओषधीनां पतिः सॊमॊ विष्णुर बलवतां वरः

agnira bhūtapatira nityaṃ barāhmaṇānāṃ bṛhaspatiḥ oṣadhīnāṃ patiḥ sòmò viṣṇura balavatāṃ varaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

अतीतक्रोधसंतापा नियता धर्मसेविन:

English

Fire is always lord of beings, Brihaspati of brahmins, Soma lord of herbs, Vishnu the best of the mighty.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.9

तवष्टाधिराजॊ रूपाणां पशूनाम ईश्वरः शिवः दक्षिणानां तथा यज्ञॊ वेदानाम ऋषयस तथा

tavaṣṭādhirājò rūpāṇāṃ paśūnāma īśvaraḥ śivaḥ dakṣiṇānāṃ tathā yajñò vedānāma ṛṣayasa tathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

तानहं सम्प्रवक्ष्यामि शाश्वताल्लॉकभावनान्

English

Tvashtri is sovereign of forms, Shiva lord of animals, sacrifice of gifts, and the sages of the Vedas.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.10

दिशाम उदीची विप्राणां सॊमॊ राजा परतापवान कुबेरः सर्वयक्षाणां देवतानां पुरंदरः एष भूतादिकः सर्गः परजानां च परजापतिः

diśāma udīcī viprāṇāṃ sòmò rājā paratāpavāna kuberaḥ sarvayakṣāṇāṃ devatānāṃ puraṃdaraḥ eṣa bhūtādikaḥ sargaḥ parajānāṃ ca parajāpatiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

याभ्यां सिद्धिरियं प्राप्ता तावुभी वद मे5च्युत

English

Samadhi, upon awaking from it, he recognises it in the universe, i.e., regards the universe to be nothing else than the Supreme Soul.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.11

सर्वेषाम एव भूतानाम अहं बरह्ममयॊ महान भूतं परतरं मत्तॊ विष्णॊर वापि न विद्यते

sarveṣāma eva bhūtānāma ahaṃ barahmamayò mahāna bhūtaṃ parataraṃ mattò viṣṇòra vāpi na vidyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षेत्रज्ष इति यश्चोक्त: सो5हमेव धनंजय

English

god of the very gods. The causal verb karayate may be taken as equivalent to karoti.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.12

राजाधिराजः सर्वासां विष्णुर बरह्ममयॊ महान ईश्वरं तं विजानीमः स विभुः स परजापतिः

rājādhirājaḥ sarvāsāṃ viṣṇura barahmamayò mahāna īśvaraṃ taṃ vijānīmaḥ sa vibhuḥ sa parajāpatiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

भवतो हि प्रसादेन सूक्ष्मे मे रमते मति:

English

away from the practice of Yoga, tempted by the puissance that Yoga brings. Telang renders the line 'one practising concentration should never become despondent.' I think, Nilakantha is right.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.13

नरकिंनर यक्षाणां गन्धर्वॊरगरक्षसाम देवदानव नागानां सर्वेषाम ईश्वरॊ हि सः

narakiṃnara yakṣāṇāṃ gandharvòragarakṣasāma devadānava nāgānāṃ sarveṣāma īśvarò hi saḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

संवादं मोक्षसंयुक्त शिष्यस्य गुरुणा सह

English

tempted by the desire of enjoyment. He, however, who has adequately devoted himself to Yoga feels no regard for Indra himself but can turn him away like Diogenes dismissing Alexander the Great.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.14

भग देवानुयातानां सर्वासां वामलॊचना माहेश्वरी महादेवी परॊच्यते पार्वतीति या

bhaga devānuyātānāṃ sarvāsāṃ vāmalòcanā māheśvarī mahādevī paròcyate pārvatīti yā

हिन्दी अर्थ

शिष्य: पप्रच्छ मेधावी किंस्विच्छेय: परंतप

English

omitting his inferences. The passage relates to the mysteries of Yoga. In the second line of 33, drishtapurvam disam, which has been rendered 'that point of the compass which has the Sun behind it,' means the instructions laid down in the Vedanta as based upon Srutis. Drishtam implies 'Sruti', for it is as authoritative as anything seen. 'Pura' implies a city, a citadel, or a mansion. Here it refers to the body. The avasatha within the pura refers to the chakra or nervous centres beginning with what is called the muladhara. At the time when Brahman is realised, the whole universe appears as Brahman and so nothing exists, besides Brahman, upon which the mind can then dwell. Telang, I think, is not correct in rendering manaschasya ... vahyatah as 'his mind should not any way wander outside'. The correct version would 'the mind is then nowhere,' implying that at that time the mind has nothing else to dwell upon. Kayamabhyantaram is kayamabhi and antaram, i.e., both within and without the body. The several parts of the body named, beginning with teeth, etc, refer to eating and other operations, all of which influence the mind and dispose it for purity and otherwise.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.15

उमां देवीं विजानीत नारीणाम उत्तमां शुभाम रतीनां वसुमत्यस तु सत्रीणाम अप्सरसस तथा

umāṃ devīṃ vijānīta nārīṇāma uttamāṃ śubhāma ratīnāṃ vasumatyasa tu satrīṇāma apsarasasa tathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

याचे त्वां शिरसा विप्र यद् ब्रूयां ब्रूहि तन्मम

English

Know the goddess Uma as the best and fairest of women; the Earth among delights, and the apsarases among women.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.16

धर्मकामाश च राजानॊ बराह्मणा धर्मलक्षणाः तस्माद राजा दविजातीनां परयतेतेह रक्षणे

dharmakāmāśa ca rājānò barāhmaṇā dharmalakṣaṇāḥ tasmāda rājā davijātīnāṃ parayateteha rakṣaṇe

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्व॑ तु ते प्रवक्ष्यामि यत्र वै संशयो द्विज

English

Kings are devoted to dharma, brahmins marked by dharma; therefore a king should strive here to protect the twice-born.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.17

रज्ञां हि विषये येषाम अवसीदन्ति साधवः हीनास ते सवगुणैः सर्वैः परेत्यावान मार्गगामिनः

rajñāṃ hi viṣaye yeṣāma avasīdanti sādhavaḥ hīnāsa te savaguṇaiḥ sarvaiḥ paretyāvāna mārgagāminaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

संशय है, वह सब मैं तुम्हें बताऊँगा'

English

In the realms of kings where the good languish, those kings are lacking in all their own virtues and go downward after death.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.18

राज्ञां तु विषये येषां साधवः परिरक्षिताः ते ऽसमिँल लॊके परमॊदन्ते परेत्य चानन्त्यम एव च पराप्नुवन्ति महात्मान इति वित्तद्विजर्षभाः

rājñāṃ tu viṣaye yeṣāṃ sādhavaḥ parirakṣitāḥ te 'sami~la lòke paramòdante paretya cānantyama eva ca parāpnuvanti mahātmāna iti vittadvijarṣabhāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राउजलि: परिपप्रच्छ यत्तच्छूणु महामते

English

Those in whose kings' realms the good are well protected rejoice in this world and hereafter attain endlessness; know this, best of brahmins, great souls.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.19

अत ऊर्ध्वं परवक्ष्यामि नियतं धर्मलक्षणम अहिंसा लक्षणॊ धर्मॊ हिंसा चाधर्मलक्षणा

ata ūrdhvaṃ paravakṣyāmi niyataṃ dharmalakṣaṇama ahiṃsā lakṣaṇò dharmò hiṃsā cādharmalakṣaṇā

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुतो जातानि भूतानि स्थावराणि चराणि च

English

Now I shall tell the fixed mark of dharma: dharma is marked by non-harm, and harm is the mark of adharma.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.20

परकाशलक्षणा देवा मनुष्याः कर्म लक्षणाः शब्दलक्षणम आकाशं वायुस तु सपर्शलक्षणः

parakāśalakṣaṇā devā manuṣyāḥ karma lakṣaṇāḥ śabdalakṣaṇama ākāśaṃ vāyusa tu saparśalakṣaṇaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

एतान् मे भगवन् प्रश्नान् याथातथ्येन सुव्रत

English

The gods are marked by illumination, men by action; space is marked by sound, and wind by touch.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.21

जयॊतिषां लक्षणं रूपम आपश च रसलक्षणाः धरणी सर्वभूतानां पृथिवी गन्धलक्षणा

jayòtiṣāṃ lakṣaṇaṃ rūpama āpaśa ca rasalakṣaṇāḥ dharaṇī sarvabhūtānāṃ pṛthivī gandhalakṣaṇā

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वदन्य: कश्नन प्रश्नानेतान् वक्तुमिहाहति

English

The mark of lights is form, and waters are marked by taste; earth, the supporter of all beings, is marked by smell.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.22

सवरव्यञ्जन संस्कारा भारती सत्यलक्षणा मनसॊ लक्षणं चिन्ता तथॊक्ता बुद्धिर अन्वयात

savaravyañjana saṃskārā bhāratī satyalakṣaṇā manasò lakṣaṇaṃ cintā tathòktā buddhira anvayāta

हिन्दी अर्थ

मोक्षधर्मार्थकुशलो भवॉल्लोकेषु गीयते

English

Speech, refined by vowels and consonants, is marked by truth; the mark of mind is thought, and so is the intellect, by connection.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.23

मनसा चिन्तयानॊ ऽरथान बुद्ध्या चैव वयवस्यति बुद्धिर हि वयवसायेन लक्ष्यते नात्र संशयः

manasā cintayānò 'rathāna buddhyā caiva vayavasyati buddhira hi vayavasāyena lakṣyate nātra saṃśayaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

सब प्रकारकी शंकाओंका निवारण कर सके

English

Thinking of objects with the mind, one then determines with the intellect; the intellect is surely marked by determination.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.24

लक्षणं महतॊ धयानम अव्यक्तं साधु लक्षणम परवृत्ति लक्षणॊ यॊगॊ जञानं संन्यासलक्षणम

lakṣaṇaṃ mahatò dhayānama avyaktaṃ sādhu lakṣaṇama paravṛtti lakṣaṇò yògò jañānaṃ saṃnyāsalakṣaṇama

हिन्दी अर्थ

गुरु: कुरुकुलश्रेष्ठ सम्यक् सर्वानरिंदम

English

The great is marked by meditation, the unmanifest by goodness, yoga by activity, and knowledge is marked by renunciation.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.25

तस्माज जञानं पुरस्कृत्य संन्यसेद इह बुद्धिमान संन्यासी जञानसंयुक्तः पराप्नॊति परमां गतिम अतीतॊ ऽदवंद्वम अभ्येति तमॊ मृत्युजरातिगम

tasmāja jañānaṃ puraskṛtya saṃnyaseda iha buddhimāna saṃnyāsī jañānasaṃyuktaḥ parāpnòti paramāṃ gatima atītò 'davaṃdvama abhyeti tamò mṛtyujarātigama

हिन्दी अर्थ

वेदविद्यां समाश्रित्य तत्त्वभूतार्थभावनम्

English

Therefore, putting knowledge first, the wise should renounce here; the renouncer joined with knowledge attains the highest goal. Passing beyond dualities, he goes beyond darkness, death and old age.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.26

धर्मलक्षणसंयुक्तम उक्तं वॊ विधिवन मया गुणानां गरहणं सम्यग वक्ष्याम्य अहम अतः परम

dharmalakṣaṇasaṃyuktama uktaṃ vò vidhivana mayā guṇānāṃ garahaṇaṃ samyaga vakṣyāmya ahama ataḥ parama

हिन्दी अर्थ

किया है। उन प्रश्नोंके उत्तरमें परमार्थविषयक विचार किया गया है

English

The dharma joined with its marks has been told to you by me duly. Next I shall rightly tell the grasping of the qualities.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.27

पार्थिवॊ यस तु गन्धॊ वै घराणेनेह स गृह्यते घराणस्थश च तथा वायुर गन्धज्ञाने विधीयते

pārthivò yasa tu gandhò vai gharāṇeneha sa gṛhyate gharāṇasthaśa ca tathā vāyura gandhajñāne vidhīyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वभूतस्थमात्मानं स सर्वगतिरिष्यते

English

The quality of earth, smell, is grasped here by the nose; and the wind in the nose is ordained for the knowledge of smell.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.28

अपां धातुरसॊ नित्यं जिह्वया स तु गृह्यते जिह्वास्थश च तथा सॊमॊ रसज्ञाने विधीयते

apāṃ dhāturasò nityaṃ jihvayā sa tu gṛhyate jihvāsthaśa ca tathā sòmò rasajñāne vidhīyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

(सर्वव्यापक) माना जाता है

English

The element of water, taste, is always grasped by the tongue; and Soma in the tongue is ordained for the knowledge of taste.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.29

जयॊतिषश च गुणॊ रूपं चक्षुषा तच च गृह्यते चक्षुःस्थश च तथादित्यॊ रूपज्ञाने विधीयते

jayòtiṣaśa ca guṇò rūpaṃ cakṣuṣā taca ca gṛhyate cakṣuḥsthaśa ca tathādityò rūpajñāne vidhīyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

तत्त्वतः जानता है, वह दुःखसे मुक्त हो जाता है

English

The quality of light, form, is grasped by the eye; and the Sun in the eye is ordained for the knowledge of form.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.30

वायव्यस तु तथा सपर्शस तवचा परज्ञायते च सः तवक्स्थश चैव तथा वायुः सपर्शज्ञाने विधीयते

vāyavyasa tu tathā saparśasa tavacā parajñāyate ca saḥ tavaksthaśa caiva tathā vāyuḥ saparśajñāne vidhīyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

होता, वह इस लोकमें रहता हुआ ही ब्रह्मभावको प्राप्त हो जाता है

English

The quality of wind, touch, is known by the skin; and Wind in the skin is ordained for the knowledge of touch.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.31

आकाशस्य गुणॊ घॊषः शरॊत्रेण स तु गृह्यते शरॊत्रस्थाश च दिशः सर्वाः शब्दज्ञाने परकीर्तिताः

ākāśasya guṇò ghòṣaḥ śaròtreṇa sa tu gṛhyate śaròtrasthāśa ca diśaḥ sarvāḥ śabdajñāne parakīrtitāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

निर्ममो निरहड्कारो मुच्यते नात्र संशय:

English

The quality of space, sound, is grasped by the ear; and the directions in the ear are proclaimed for the knowledge of sound.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.32

मनसस तु गुणश चिन्ता परज्ञया स तु गृह्यते हृदिस्थ चेतना धातुर मनॊ जञाने विधीयते

manasasa tu guṇaśa cintā parajñayā sa tu gṛhyate hṛdistha cetanā dhātura manò jañāne vidhīyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

सदापर्ण: सदापुष्प: सदा शुभभलोदय:

English

The quality of mind, thought, is grasped by wisdom; the element of consciousness in the heart is ordained for the knowledge of the mind.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.33

बुद्धिर अध्यवसायेन धयानेन च महांस तथा निश्चित्य गरहणं नित्यम अव्यक्तं नात्र संशयः

buddhira adhyavasāyena dhayānena ca mahāṃsa tathā niścitya garahaṇaṃ nityama avyaktaṃ nātra saṃśayaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

बुद्ध्वा यदिह संसिद्धा भवन्तीह मनीषिण:

English

The intellect, by determination, and the great, by meditation, grasp always by certainty the unmanifest, without doubt.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.34

अलिङ्ग गरहणॊ नित्यः कषेत्रज्ञॊ निर्गुणात्मकः तस्माद अलिङ्गः कषेत्रज्ञः केवलं जञानलक्षणः

aliṅga garahaṇò nityaḥ kaṣetrajñò nirguṇātmakaḥ tasmāda aliṅgaḥ kaṣetrajñaḥ kevalaṃ jañānalakṣaṇaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रजापतिभरद्वाजी गौतमो भार्गवस्तथा

English

The knower of the field, which is without mark, which is eternal and of the nature of no qualities, grasps without a mark; therefore the knower of the field is without mark, marked only by knowledge.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.35

अव्यक्तं कषेत्रम उद्दिष्टं गुणानां परभवाप्ययम सदा पश्याम्य अहं लीनं विजानामि शृणॊमि च

avyaktaṃ kaṣetrama uddiṣṭaṃ guṇānāṃ parabhavāpyayama sadā paśyāmya ahaṃ līnaṃ vijānāmi śṛṇòmi ca

हिन्दी अर्थ

ददृशुर्ब्रह्म भवने ब्रह्माणं वीतकल्मषम्

English

The unmanifest is declared the field, the origin and dissolution of the qualities. I always see, know and hear it dissolved.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.36

पुरुषस तद विजानीते तस्मात कषेत्रज्ञ उच्यते गुणवृत्तं तथा कृत्स्नं कषेत्रज्ञः परिपश्यति

puruṣasa tada vijānīte tasmāta kaṣetrajña ucyate guṇavṛttaṃ tathā kṛtsnaṃ kaṣetrajñaḥ paripaśyati

हिन्दी अर्थ

पप्रच्छुर्विनयोपेता नै:श्रेयसमिदं परम्

English

The Person knows it; therefore he is called the knower of the field; the knower of the field looks on the whole conduct of the qualities.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.37

आदिमध्यावसानान्तं सृज्यमानम अचेतनम न गुणा विदुर आत्मानं सृज्यमानं पुनः पुनः

ādimadhyāvasānāntaṃ sṛjyamānama acetanama na guṇā vidura ātmānaṃ sṛjyamānaṃ punaḥ punaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

के नो मार्गा: शिवाश्र स्यु: कि सत्यं कि च दुष्कृतम्

English

From beginning through middle to end, what is being created is insentient; the qualities do not know the Self, being created again and again.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.38

न सत्यं वेद वै कश चित कषेत्रज्ञस तव एव विन्दति गुणानां गुणभूतानां यत परं परतॊ महत

na satyaṃ veda vai kaśa cita kaṣetrajñasa tava eva vindati guṇānāṃ guṇabhūtānāṃ yata paraṃ paratò mahata

हिन्दी अर्थ

मार्ग हमारे लिये कल्याणकारक हैं? सत्य क्‍या है? और पाप क्या है?

English

No one knows truth; only the knower of the field finds what is beyond the qualities, the great one beyond the qualities that are the quality-becoming.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.39

तस्माद गुणांश च तत्त्वं च परित्यज्येह तत्त्ववित कषीणदॊषॊ गुणान हित्वा कषेत्रज्ञं परविशत्य अथ

tasmāda guṇāṃśa ca tattvaṃ ca parityajyeha tattvavita kaṣīṇadòṣò guṇāna hitvā kaṣetrajñaṃ paraviśatya atha

हिन्दी अर्थ

जो कुछ कहा, वह मैं तुम्हें शास्त्रानुसार पूर्णतया बताऊँगा, उसे सुनो

English

Therefore, giving up the qualities and the principle here, the knower of truth, his faults exhausted, having left the qualities, enters the knower of the field.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 43.40

निर्द्वंद्वॊ निर्नमः कारॊ निः सवधा कार एव च अचलश चानिकेतश च कषेत्रज्ञः स परॊ विभुः

nirdvaṃdvò nirnamaḥ kārò niḥ savadhā kāra eva ca acalaśa cāniketaśa ca kaṣetrajñaḥ sa parò vibhuḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्यं हि गुणसंयुक्त नियतं पडचलक्षणम्

English

Free of dualities, without saying "mine", without svadha, motionless and homeless, the knower of the field is the supreme lord.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 44.1

[बर] यद आदिमध्यपर्यन्तं गरहणॊपायम एव च नाम लक्षणसंयुक्तं सर्वं वक्ष्यामि तत्त्वतः

[bara] yada ādimadhyaparyantaṃ garahaṇòpāyama eva ca nāma lakṣaṇasaṃyuktaṃ sarvaṃ vakṣyāmi tattvataḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

हैं, उन ब्राह्मणोंके प्रति मैं लोक-कल्याणकारी सनातन धर्मोंका उपदेश करूँगा

English

commentator, refers to the ascension of the Yogin from Brahma vested with attributes to Brahma divested of all attributes. The tarn does not refer to body, as Telang takes it, but to Brahma as endued with hands and feet on all sides, etc. Deheswam dharayan means 'restraining the mind within the body'. Kevalam Brahma is Brahma without attributes.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 44.2

अहः पूर्वं ततॊ रात्रिर मासाः शुक्लादयः समृताः शरविष्ठादीनि ऋक्षाणि ऋतवः शिशिरादयः

ahaḥ pūrvaṃ tatò rātrira māsāḥ śuklādayaḥ samṛtāḥ śaraviṣṭhādīni ṛkṣāṇi ṛtavaḥ śiśirādayaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वेषामेव वर्णानां गार्हस्थ्यं तद् विधीयते

English

Day comes first, then night; the months begin with the bright fortnight, the asterisms with Shravishtha, the seasons with winter.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 44.3

भूमिर आदिस तु गन्धानां रसानाम आप एव च रूपाणां जयॊतिर आदिस तु सपर्शादिर वायुर उच्यते शब्दस्यादिस तथाकाशम एष भूतकृतॊ गुणः

bhūmira ādisa tu gandhānāṃ rasānāma āpa eva ca rūpāṇāṃ jayòtira ādisa tu saparśādira vāyura ucyate śabdasyādisa tathākāśama eṣa bhūtakṛtò guṇaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

इन्द्रियाणि दशैक॑ च महाभूतानि पठच च

English

Earth is the first of smells, waters of tastes, light of forms, and wind is called the first of touches; space is the first of sound: this is the quality made by the elements.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 44.4

अतः परं परवक्ष्यामि भूतानाम आदिम उत्तमम आदित्यॊ जयॊतिषाम आदिर अग्निर भूतादिर इष्यते

ataḥ paraṃ paravakṣyāmi bhūtānāma ādima uttamama ādityò jayòtiṣāma ādira agnira bhūtādira iṣyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

चतुर्विशतिरेका च तत्त्वसंख्या प्रकीर्तिता

English

Now I shall tell the best first of beings: the Sun is the first of lights, and Fire is held the first of elements.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 44.5

सावित्री सर्वविद्यानां देवतानां परजापतिः ओंकारः सर्ववेदानां वचसां पराण एव च यद यस्मिन नियतं लॊके सर्वं सावित्रम उच्यते

sāvitrī sarvavidyānāṃ devatānāṃ parajāpatiḥ oṃkāraḥ sarvavedānāṃ vacasāṃ parāṇa eva ca yada yasmina niyataṃ lòke sarvaṃ sāvitrama ucyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

स धीर: सर्वभूतेषु न मोहमधिगच्छति

English

Savitri is first of all sciences, Prajapati of the gods, Om of all Vedas and of words, prana: whatever in the world is fixed in it is all called Savitra.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 44.6

गायत्री छन्दसाम आदिः पशूनाम अज उच्यते गावश चतुष्पदाम आदिर मनुष्याणां दविजातयः

gāyatrī chandasāma ādiḥ paśūnāma aja ucyate gāvaśa catuṣpadāma ādira manuṣyāṇāṃ davijātayaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

धीर है और वह कभी मोहमें नहीं पड़ता

English

Gayatri is the first of metres, the goat is called first of animals, the cow of quadrupeds, and the twice-born of men.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 44.7

शयेनः पतत्रिणाम आदिर यज्ञानां हुतम उत्तमम परिसर्पिणां तु सर्वेषां जयेष्ठः सर्पॊ दविजॊत्तमाः

śayenaḥ patatriṇāma ādira yajñānāṃ hutama uttamama parisarpiṇāṃ tu sarveṣāṃ jayeṣṭhaḥ sarpò davijòttamāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

स सर्वलोकानमलान् समश्षुते

English

The hawk is first of birds, the oblation the best of sacrifices, and the serpent, best of brahmins, the eldest of all reptiles.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 44.8

कृतम आदिर युगानां च सर्वेषां नात्र संशयः हिरण्यं सर्वरत्नानाम ओषधीनां यवास तथा

kṛtama ādira yugānāṃ ca sarveṣāṃ nātra saṃśayaḥ hiraṇyaṃ sarvaratnānāma oṣadhīnāṃ yavāsa tathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

नदद्वारं पुरं विद्यात् त्रिगुणं पजचधातुकम्

English

The Krita age is the first of all the ages, without doubt; gold of all jewels, and barley of herbs.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 44.9

सर्वेषां भक्ष्यभॊज्यानाम अन्नं परमम उच्यते दरवाणां चैव सर्वेषां पेयानाम आप उत्तमाः

sarveṣāṃ bhakṣyabhòjyānāma annaṃ paramama ucyate daravāṇāṃ caiva sarveṣāṃ peyānāma āpa uttamāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

बुद्धिस्वामिकमित्येतत् परमेकादशं भवेत्

English

Of all foods and drinks, grain is called the highest; of all liquids and drinks, water is the best.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 44.10

सथावराणां च भूतानां सर्वेषाम अविशेषतः बरह्म कषेत्रं सदा पुण्यं पलक्षः परथमजः समृतः

sathāvarāṇāṃ ca bhūtānāṃ sarveṣāma aviśeṣataḥ barahma kaṣetraṃ sadā puṇyaṃ palakṣaḥ parathamajaḥ samṛtaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्ममेकं चतुष्पादं नित्यमाहुर्मनीषिण:

English

visitor. In this verse, Krishna, forgetting that he is merely reciting the words of another, refers to himself as the Supreme Brahman in whom one must merge for attaining to Emancipation.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 44.11

अहं परजापतीनां च सर्वेषां नात्र संशयः मम विष्णुर अचिन्त्यात्मा सवयम्भूर इति स समृतः

ahaṃ parajāpatīnāṃ ca sarveṣāṃ nātra saṃśayaḥ mama viṣṇura acintyātmā savayambhūra iti sa samṛtaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनीषी विद्वान् चार चरणोंवाले एक धर्मको नित्य बतलाते हैं

English

religious observances, etc. The followers, however, of the religion of Nivritti or inaction, i.e., they who betake themselves to the path of knowledge, become emancipated. The deities derive their sustenance from the former and become even jealous of the latter, for the emancipate state is higher than that of the deities themselves.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 44.12

पर्वतानां महामेरुः सर्वेषाम अग्रजः समृतः दिशां च परदिशां चॊर्ध्वा दिग जाता परथमं तथा

parvatānāṃ mahāmeruḥ sarveṣāma agrajaḥ samṛtaḥ diśāṃ ca paradiśāṃ còrdhvā diga jātā parathamaṃ tathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

नियतं ब्रह्मुभावाय गत पूर्व मनीषिभि:

English

Of mountains the great Meru is held the eldest of all; of directions and intermediate directions, the upward direction was born first.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 44.13

तथा तरिपथगा गङ्गा नदीनाम अग्रजा समृता तथा सरॊद पानानां सर्वेषां सागरॊ ऽगरजः

tathā taripathagā gaṅgā nadīnāma agrajā samṛtā tathā saròda pānānāṃ sarveṣāṃ sāgarò 'garajaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपदेश करता हूँ, उसे ध्यान देकर सुनो

English

So Ganga of the three paths is held the eldest of rivers, and of all lakes and waters the ocean is the eldest.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 44.14

देवदानव भूतानां पिशाचॊरगरक्षसाम नरकिंनर यक्षाणां सर्वेषाम ईश्वरः परभुः

devadānava bhūtānāṃ piśācòragarakṣasāma narakiṃnara yakṣāṇāṃ sarveṣāma īśvaraḥ parabhuḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

परमपदस्वरूप है, यहाँ अब मुझसे सुनो

English

Of gods, danavas, beings, pishachas, serpents, rakshasas, men, kinnaras and yakshas, the lord is the master of all.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 44.15

आदिर विश्वस्य जगतॊ विष्णुर बरह्ममयॊ महान भूतं परतरं तस्मात तरैलॊक्ये नेह विद्यते

ādira viśvasya jagatò viṣṇura barahmamayò mahāna bhūtaṃ parataraṃ tasmāta tarailòkye neha vidyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः परं तु विज्ञेयमध्यात्मं परमं पदम्

English

Vishnu, made of Brahman, is the beginning of the whole universe; there is no higher being than him in the three worlds.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 44.16

आश्रमाणां च गार्हस्थ्यं सर्वेषां नात्र संशयः लॊकानाम आदिर अव्यक्तं सर्वस्यान्तस तद एव च

āśramāṇāṃ ca gārhasthyaṃ sarveṣāṃ nātra saṃśayaḥ lòkānāma ādira avyaktaṃ sarvasyāntasa tada eva ca

हिन्दी अर्थ

अतः इसे परमपदस्वरूप समझना चाहिए

English

Of the stages of life, the householder's is chief of all, without doubt; the unmanifest is the beginning of the worlds, and the end of all is that same.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 44.17

अहान्य अस्तमयान्तानि उदयान्ता च शर्वरी सुखस्यान्तः सदा दुःखं दुःखस्यान्तः सदा सुखम

ahānya astamayāntāni udayāntā ca śarvarī sukhasyāntaḥ sadā duḥkhaṃ duḥkhasyāntaḥ sadā sukhama

हिन्दी अर्थ

नोपैति यावदध्यात्मं तावदेतान् न पश्यति

English

Days end in sunset and night ends in sunrise; the end of pleasure is always pain, and the end of pain is always pleasure.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 44.18

सर्वे कषयान्ता निचयाः पतनान्ताः समुच्छ्रयाः संयॊगा विप्रयॊगान्ता मरणान्तं हि जीवितम

sarve kaṣayāntā nicayāḥ patanāntāḥ samucchrayāḥ saṃyògā viprayògāntā maraṇāntaṃ hi jīvitama

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथार्थ ज्ञान हो जाता है)

English

All accumulations end in exhaustion, all elevations in falling, all unions in separation, and life in death.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 44.19

सर्वं कृतं विनाशान्तं जातस्य मरणं धरुवम अशाश्वतं हि लॊके ऽसमिन सर्वं सथावरजङ्गमम

sarvaṃ kṛtaṃ vināśāntaṃ jātasya maraṇaṃ dharuvama aśāśvataṃ hi lòke 'samina sarvaṃ sathāvarajaṅgamama

हिन्दी अर्थ

फलमूलानिलभुजां मुनीनां वसतां वने

English

Everything made ends in destruction, death is certain for the born; all this, moving and unmoving, is impermanent in this world.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 44.20

इष्टं दत्तं तपॊ ऽधीतं वरतानि नियमाश च ये सर्वम एतद विनाशान्तं जञानस्यान्तॊ न विद्यते

iṣṭaṃ dattaṃ tapò 'dhītaṃ varatāni niyamāśa ca ye sarvama etada vināśāntaṃ jañānasyāntò na vidyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

कालात् पश्यति भूतानां सहैव प्रभवाप्ययौ

English

Sacrifice, gift, austerity, study, vows and rules all end in destruction; there is no end to knowledge.

अध्याय १४

श्लोक 44.21

तस्माज जञानेन शुद्धेन परसन्नात्मा समाहितः निर्ममॊ निरहंकारॊ मुच्यते सर्वपाप्मभिः

tasmāja jañānena śuddhena parasannātmā samāhitaḥ nirmamò nirahaṃkārò mucyate sarvapāpmabhiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

विषयस्थानि सर्वाणि वर्तमानानि भागश:

English

Therefore, with pure knowledge, serene of soul, composed, free of possessiveness and ego, one is freed from all sins.

स्रोत: bhavykhatri/DharmicData · प्राप्त 1/6/2026

शास्त्रीय प्रामाणिकता एवं पारदर्शकताSources & Interpretation

स्रोत, संस्करण एवं व्याख्या वर्गीकरण

धर्म ग्रंथ पर मूल शास्त्र, पारंपरिक भाष्य और आधुनिक व्याख्या को पूर्णतः पृथक रखा जाता है ताकि पाठक को किसी भी व्याख्या के शास्त्र होने का भ्रम न हो।

सामग्री वर्गीकरण संकेत (Epistemic Content Labels)

६ स्तरिय प्रमाण व्यवस्था
मूल पाठOriginal text

अपौरुषेय / प्रामाणिक शास्त्र (Primary Canonical Scripture)

मूल संस्कृत, प्राकृत अथवा अवधी श्लोक/मंत्र। यह सर्वोच्च प्रमाण (प्रस्थान) है। इस पाठ में किसी भी आधुनिक व्याख्याकार का हस्तक्षेप नहीं है।

शाब्दिक अनुवादLiteral translation

पदार्थ व अन्वय (Direct Grammatical & Word-for-Word Meaning)

व्याकरणसम्मत प्रत्यक्ष शब्दार्थ (अन्वय)। बिना किसी दार्शनिक संप्रदाय के पूर्वाग्रह के, संस्कृत शब्दों का सटीक भाषांतर।

पारंपरिक भाष्यTraditional commentary

आचार्य परंपरा व टीका (Classical Lineage Commentary)

प्राचीन आचार्य परंपरा (यथा शंकराचार्य, रामानुजाचार्य, मध्वाचार्य, श्रीधर स्वामी) द्वारा विरचित शास्त्रीय भाष्य व टीकाएं।

सरल व्याख्याSimple explanation

भावार्थ व सुबोध प्रबोधन (Accessible Pedagogical Exposition)

आधुनिक जिज्ञासुओं के लिए सरल भाषा में भावार्थ। यह मूल मंत्र नहीं, बल्कि पाठ को सुगम बनाने हेतु संपादकीय व्याख्या है।

आधुनिक चिंतनModern reflection

समसामयिक विमर्श व अनुप्रयोग (Contemporary Application & Analysis)

दार्शनिक, मनोवैज्ञानिक व वैज्ञानिक समरूपताओं पर आधुनिक चिंतन। यह मूल शास्त्र का अंग नहीं है और इसे शास्त्रोक्त सिद्धांत के रूप में नहीं देखा जाना चाहिए।

शोध टिप्पणीResearch note

पांडुलिपि एवं ऐतिहासिक शोध (Critical Apparatus & Manuscript Research)

पांडुलिपि विविधताएं, पाठ-भेद (variant readings), छंद रचना, और ऐतिहासिक व तुलनात्मक भाषावैज्ञानिक शोध। यह शास्त्र का मूल संदेश बदलने हेतु नहीं, बल्कि पाठ की प्रामाणिकता परखने के लिए है।

पहचानकर्ता:Mahabharata — Chapter 14
संस्कृत संस्करण:Imported text; printed edition not recorded

Digitised text taken from the archive linked below. It has not been collated against a printed edition by this site.

पुरालेखागार / स्रोत:Open Sanskrit text archives (see the source link)
गणना पद्धति:

Numbering follows the imported source and may differ from other editions.