Adhyaya 34

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्तकप्रतिमे तस्मिन् निवृत्ते क्रूरकर्मणि। समाप्तमिदमाख्यास्थे तृतीयं द्वापरं युगम् अधर्मप्रायपुरुष॑ स्वल्पधर्मप्रतिग्रहम्। उत्सन्नसत्यसंयोगं॑वर्धितानृतसंचयम् महेश्वरं कुमारं च द्वौ च देवो समाभरिता:। भविष्यन्ति नरा: सर्वे लोके न स्थविरायुष:

English

¹⁴¹ This refers to His _Rajasik_ form or the form partaking of the quality of darkness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पधारनेपर अत्यन्त भयंकर अन्तिम युग कलिकी प्रवृत्ति होगी, जो देखनेमें बड़ा ही दारुण है॥ ५९ ॥ उस समय मनुष्योंमें प्रायः अधर्मकी स्थिति होगी। धर्मको बहुत कम लोग ग्रहण करेंगे। उनमें सत्यका संयोग नहीं रहेगा और सबमें असत्यका संग्रह बढ़ेगा॥६०॥ रुद्र और कुमारकार्तिकेय इन्हीं दो देवताओंका प्रायः सब लोग आश्रय लेंगे। संसारमें वृद्धावस्थातक जीनेवाले (अधिक) न होंगे॥ ६१॥ देवताओ ! अतः यही निर्णय सबसे श्रेष्ठ है कि पृथ्वीपर रहनेवाले राजाओंका अन्त कर दिया जाय। इसलिये तुम सब लोग अपने-अपने अंशसे अवतार लो, देर न करो॥६२॥ धर्मके पक्षमें जो आज्ञा दी जाय। विवाद या युद्धका मूल है कलि, उसे सहायकोंसहित गान्धारीके गर्भसे उत्पन्न होनेके लिये प्रेरित किया जाय॥६३॥ कालसे प्रेरित हुए राजा इन दोनों पक्षोंमेंसे किसी एकका आश्रय लेंगे और पृथ्वीके

English

¹⁴⁴ Satyavati was the daughter of a Apsara in the form of a fish. She passed into the hands of a fisherman. A Rishi, Parasara by name, grew amorous on seeing her. He knew her and in time she gave birth to a son on an island in the Yamuna. This son is Vyasa. See Mahabharata, Adi Parva chapter LXIII.

हिन्दी अर्थ

राज्यकी प्राप्तिोके लिये लोभासक्त होकर वे सब-के- सब संग्रामकी लालसा रखेंगे॥६४॥ सम्पूर्ण जगत्को धारण करनेवाली यह पृथ्वी अब अपने स्थानको चली जाय। इसके भारभूत राजाओंके विनाशके लिये इस लोकप्रसिद्ध उपायका अनुष्ठान आरम्भ कर दिया गया है'॥६५॥ ब्रह्माजीकी यह बात सुनकर पृथ्वी भूमिपालोंके वधके लिये कालके साथ जैसे आयी थी, वैसे ही लौट गयी ॥ ६६ ॥ तदनन्तर ब्रह्माजीने देवद्रोही दानवोंका दमन करनेके लिये देवताओंको प्रेरित किया। उन्होंने पुरातन ऋषि नर, पृथ्वीको धारण करनेवाले शेषनाग, सनत्कुमार, साध्यगण, अग्नि आदि देवता, वरुण, दोनों अश्विनीकुमार--इन सबको अवतार लेनेके लिये प्रेरणा दी। तत्पश्चात् समस्त देवताओंने पृथ्वीपर अपना-

English

Vaishampayana said;—Listen, O king, duly to the dignity of Vishnu as Viswa (the lord of protection) to that of Hari in the Satya Yuga, to that of Vaikunta amongst the gods, to that of Krishna amongst men, to that of Iswara, and to the motive of his various actions past and future (1–2). Although invisible the lord assumed forms (at various periods). Narāyana is the cause of all creations and is eternal (3). This Nārāyana assumed the form of Hari in the Krita Yuga. Brahmā, Indra, the moon, Dharma, Sukra and Vrihaspati are all the forms of Nārāyana (4). Yadu's son Vishnu became the son of Aditi and passed by the name of king Indrāvaraja (5). For encompassing the destruction of the Daityas, Dānavas and Rākshasas, the enemies of the celestials, Nārāyana, out of favour, became the son of Aditi (6). This Supreme Soul created Brahmā in the days of yore. And that Prime Purusha, in the first Kalpa, created all the Prajāpatis (7). They, assuming various forms, became the founders of many most excellent Brāhmana families. From these high-souled ones emanated, the eternal Veda¹⁴⁵ consisting of various branches (8). I have thus recounted the names of the wonderful Vishnu. Now hear from me the subject that is worthy of being recounted (9). After the Asura Vitra had been slain and even when Satya Yuga was not over there took, place the world-renowned war with Tāraka (10). Being elated with success in war and assisted by the Gandharvas, Yakshas, Uragas, and Rākshasas the dreadful Dānavas engaged in an onslaught of the gods, (11). When all the weapons were destroyed in battle, they were about to be killed by the Dānavas. Accordingly being baffled they sought refuge with the omniscient, Lord Nārāyana, the God of protection (12). In the meantime were heard the dreadful mutterings of clouds pouring, showers of embers that covered the sky with, the-sun, moon and planets and that were accompanied by lightnings. And seven kinds of wind were driven against one another (13–14). Assailed by boiling water currents, the fall of lightnings and the winds, endued with the velocity of lightnings, and as if being consumed by them the earth began to emit terrible sounds. Thousands of fire-brands fell down from the sky. Cars began to fall down and go up. Beholding those portends the people were stricken with fear as they become at the termination of the four Yugas (15–17). The whole world was enveloped with darkness and nothing was visible. The ten cardinal points, being covered with darkness, did not became visible (18). It appeared as if the incarnate form of the night of the dark half of the month was veiled by the cloud of dissolution. The sun being overclouded the whole sky was enveloped with darkness (19). Dispersing these clouds together with darkness the Divine black-hued Hari displayed his celestial form (20). His body was dark-hued like a cloud and his hairs were black like collyrium. In his dark form Krishna appeared like a dark mountain (21). He put on a burning yellow raiment and was bedecked with gold. It appeared as if a body, enveloped with the darkness of smoke, arose like the fire of dissolution (22). His shoulders had grown eightfold, his heads were covered with head-gears and his fists were adorned with golden weapons (23). His hand was delighted with a sword by name Nandaka which was immoveable like a mountain stricken with the rays of the sun and the moon and which was tied to a waist-cloth of the hue of Menas stone. The arrows were like the serpents (24). He held mace, thunderbolt, a ploughshare, a conch, a discus and a club in his hands. Vishnu was like a mountain of which the base was forgiveness and the tree was Sree. He held the Sranga bow in his hand. He was seated on a car to which were yoked yellow-hued horses, on which were hoisted flags having the emblem of Garuda painted on them, which had the effulgence of the moon, had beautiful wheels, of which Mandara mountain was the axle, and the serpent Ananta was the rein. It had Meru and Kuvera on it, was filled with stars and planets and adorned with variegated flowers. That lord of gods, who always gives protection, was seen seated in the sky on an effulgent celestial car by the gods defeated by the Daityas at a time when they were stricken with fear (25–28). All the gods, headed by Indra, at first sent up a shout of exclamation and then sought refuge with the lord to whom all resort for shelter (29). Hearing this loud exclamation the kind Deity Vishnu made up his mind for destroying the gods in that great encounter (30). Stationed in the pure sky, Vishnu, that foremost of gods, promised to the celestials, saying, "O ye Maruts, may you fare well, do not fear. Be at ease. I have defeated the Dānavas. Do ye take back the three worlds." Thus welcomed by the words of the truthful Hari the gods attained to that supreme delight which they enjoyed when they obtained ambrosia out of the ocean (31–33).

हिन्दी अर्थ

पहले (आदिपर्व) अंशावतरणके प्रसड़में जैसा बताया हैत्यदानवहन्तार: सम्भूताः पुरुषेश्वरा: । क्षीरिकावृक्षसंकाशा वज्रसंहननास्तथा नागायुतबला: केचित् केचिदोघबलान्विता:। गदापरिघशक्तीनां सहाः परिघबाहव: कुरुवंशे च ते देवा: पद्ञालेषु च पार्थिवा:। याज्ञिकानां समृद्धानां ब्राह्मणानां च योनिषु

English

Thereupon the darkness was removed and the cranes emitted cries. Auspicious winds blew and the ten directions were cleared up. Shinning stars began to circumambulate the moon, and other luminous bodies began to move round the sun. The planets did not oppose one another and all the rivers grew delightful. Etherial and celestial roads appeared beautiful (34–36). The rivers began to flow quietly and the oceans did not suffer any agitation. The internal organs of men worked well (37). The great saints were shorn of grief and began to chant the Vedic hymns. Hearing the promise of the Lord that he would slay all the enemies in battle the fire began to eat sweet and nourishing oblations. Sacrifices were duly undertaken and the minds of men were delighted (38–36).

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वर्द्धिगुणसम्पन्ना यज्वान: पुण्यकर्मिण: उत्पतेयुरथाकाशं . क्षोभयेयुर्महोदधिम् नारायणे समावेश्य लोकाउ्छान्तिमुपागमत् भूयः श्रृणु यथा विष्णुरवतीर्णों महीतले। प्रजानां बे हितार्थाय प्रभु: प्राणिहितेश्वर:

English

¹⁴⁵ The Hindus have received their religion through revelation, the Vedas. They hold that the Vedas are without beginning and end. It may sound ludicrous how a book can be, without beginning or end. But by the Vedas no books are meant. They mean the accumulated treasury of spiritual laws discovered by different persons in different times. Just as the law of gravitation existed before its discovery land would exist if all humanity forgot it, so with the laws that govern the spiritual world. The moral, ethical and spiritual relation between souls and souls and between individual spirits and the Father all spirits were there before their discovery and would remain even if we forget them. The discoverers of these laws are called Rishis and they are honored by the

हिन्दी अर्थ

ययातिवंशजस्याथ वसुदेवस्थ धीमतः। कुले पूज्ये यशस्कर्मा जज्ञे नारायण: प्रभु: है, उसके अनुसार हैत्यों और दानवोंका विनाश करनेवाले वे देवता योनिज और अयोनिजरूपसे पृथ्वीपर राजा होकर उत्पन्न हुए उनके शरीर पिण्डखजूरके समान पुष्ट और वज्रके तुल्य सुदृढ़ थे। उनमेंसे कितने ही दस हजार हाथियोंके समान बलवान थे। कितने ही बलके अटूट प्रवाहसे सम्पन्न थे। वे गदा, परिष और शक्तियोंके आघात सह लेनेमें समर्थ थे। उनकी भुजाएँ परिघोंके समान मोटी एवं सुदृढ़ थीं॥७०--७२॥ वे सब-के-सब पर्वत-शिखरोंद्वारा प्रहार करनेवाले तथा परिघोंसे युद्ध करनेमें कुशल थे। उनमेंसे सैकड़ों-हजारों वीर देवता वृष्णिवंश, कुरुवंश तथा पाशञ्ञालवंशमें राजा एवं राजकुमारोंके रूपमें उत्पन्न हुए थे। कितने ही

English

Vaishampayana said:—O sinless one, thereupon, hearing of the fear from Vishnu, the Daityas and Dānavas, irrepressible in battle, began to make preparations for war on a great scale (1). Being desirous of a battle the Dānava Maya ascended a golden car as the sun rises over the mount Meru. It had four strong wheels twelve hundred cubits in circumference, could go anywhere, contained many huge weapons, was filled with the tinkling of small bells, was matted with leopard skins, adorned with jewels and gold, artificial figures of animals and various collections of birds, contained many celestial weapons and quivers, had the sound like the muttering of clouds, had beautiful axles, was the best of the most excellent cars, was filled with beautiful nests, and mountain-like clubs. It was huge like the very ocean itself, and its joints were adorned with golden Keyuras and bracelets. Its poles were made of gold and it was adorned with huge pennons and flags. It looked like the mount Mandāra when the sun rises over it, like the prince of elephants and the ocean. It contained thousands of bears and the sound of its wheels was like the roaring of the ocean. It was effulgent, could course in the sky and strike the cars of the enemies. The Dānava Tāra got upon a most excellent iron car. It was two miles in dimension, was huge like a collection of mountains, was black like red collyrium and was made of strong and well seasoned iron. It had eight wheels, axles and poles and was dark like an ember. Its sound was like the roaring of an ocean and its windows were covered with iron nets. It contained iron Parighas, Kshepanyas, clubs, Prāsas, maces, various other wooden weapons, Tomaras and Parashwadas. It was a dread to the enemies and was drawn by a thousand of mules huge like the mount Mandara. On its flag there was an emblem of a crow (2-12). Being highly enraged and taking up a club Virochana stood before the army like a mountain with shining summits (13). The Dānava Hayagriva, the repressor of the hostile armies, began to drive a car drawn by a thousand steeds (14). Stretching his huge bow, many thousand cubits in dimension, the Dānava Vāraha stood before the army like a fig tree covered with its branches (15), Shedding tears of anger out of haughtiness and with his lips and teeth trembling the Dānava Khara stood for the battle (16). Ascending a car drawn by twelve horses and surrounded by Dānava Vyuhas the energetic Aristha began to move about in the battle-field (17). Adorned with golden ear-rings, Viprachitti's son Swetā stood before the battle-field like a white mountain (18). Armed with most excellent weapons made of stone and being tired thereby Bati's son Aristha stood there for battle like a mountain (19). A Dānava, by name Kishora, resembling a young charger in pride, appeared like the sun in the midst of the Daitya army (20). Being dressed with a long raiment resembling a cloud the Dānava Lamva appeared in the midst of the Daitya Vyuhas¹⁴⁶ like the sun possessed by Rāhu¹⁴⁷ (21). Taking up weapons in the shape of teeth, lips and eyes the huge-bodied and terrible warrior Sharbhānu smilingly stood before the Daityas (22). Some shone on the horses and others on the elephants. Some sat on the lions and tigers and others on boars and bears (23). Some rode the asses and camels and others rode the clouds. And others rode on various birds and some the winds¹⁴⁸ (24). Other Daitya proceeded on foot. Some Daityas, with dreadful faces, some with one foot and some with two feet began to dance for battle (25). Some began to strike their arms. Thus the leading Dānavas began to roar there like proud tigers (26). The Daityas, expert in the use of bows, began to assail the gods with fierce clubs, Parighas and their Parigha-like arms (27). And sporting with maces, Prāshas, clubs hooks, swords, Sataghnies, sharpened daggers, excellent iron Parighas and discuses they delighted the soldiers (28–29). The Dānavas, irrepressible in battle, desired for victory. Thus the Dānavas, proud of their various weapons, confronted the gods like rising clouds (30). That Daitya army, consisting of thousands of Dānavas, resembling the air, the fire, the cloud and the mountain and filled with war-like speed and advancement, was maddened with desire for battle (31).

हिन्दी अर्थ

महर्षिविग्रहरुचिर्विद्वान् गान्धर्वकोविदः वैज्ञम्पायनजी कहते हैं--जनमेजय ! जब पृथ्वी और काल दोनों कृतकृत्य होकर चले गये और देवताओंका भरतवंशमें यथोचितरूपसे अंशावतरणका कार्य सम्पन्न हो गया एवं धर्म, इन्द्र, वायु, देववैद्य अश्विनीकुमार तथा सूर्यदेवका पृथक्ू-पृथक् भाग जब भूतलपर अवतीर्ण हो गया, देवताओंके पुरोहित बृहस्पतिजी जब उनसे भी पहले ही पृथ्वीपर आ गये, वसुओंके अष्टम भाग मृत्यु (यम) और कलिके भाग भी जब पृथ्वीपर आ गये तथा शुक्र, सोम और वरुणके अंश भी भूतलपर अवतीर्ण हो गये, भगवान् शट्डूर, मित्र, कुबेर, गन्धर्व, नाग और यक्षोंके भागांश भी जब पृथ्वीपर आ गये,

English

¹⁴⁷ This is the mythological account of the solar eclipse.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नुनारायणयुक्तो5यं कार्यार्थ: प्रतिभाति मे न युक्त जानता देव त्वया तत्त्वार्थदशिना। देवदेव पृथिव्यर्थे प्रयोक्तुं कार्यमीदृशम् देवभागान् गतान् दृष्ठा किं त्वं सर्वाश्रयो विभुः। वसुन्धराया: साह्मार्थमंशं स्व॑ नानुयुझ़से त्वया सनाथा देवांशास्त्वन्मयास्त्वत्परायणा:। जगत्यां संचरिष्यन्ति कार्यात् कार्यान्तरं गता:

English

¹⁴⁷ This is the mythological account of the solar eclipse.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यह अंशावतार ग्रहण किया है, यह सब निष्फल है 'परमेश्वर! यह जो भूतलके राजाओंका युद्ध है, वह तो आपपर ही निर्भर है। मुझे तो ऐसा प्रतीत होता है कि सहयोगसे ही सम्भव है॥ १४॥ “देव! देवाधिदेव! आप तत्त्वार्थदर्शी हैं, सब कुछ जानते हैं; अतः पृथ्वीका भार उतारनेके लिये ऐसे उपायका प्रयोग करना, जिसमें आप दोनोंका सहयोग न हो, आपके लिये उचित नहीं है 'क्योंकि आप ही नेत्रवानोंके नेत्र हैं, प्रभावशाली पुरुषोंके स्पृहणीय प्रभु हैं, योगवालोंमें श्रेष्ठ योगी हैं तथा गतिशील प्राणियोंकी गति हैं॥ १६॥ ' आप सबके आश्रयभूत परमेश्वर हैं, फिर देवताओंके अंशोंको पृथ्वीपर गया हुआ देखकर

English

¹⁴⁷ This is the mythological account of the solar eclipse.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वहीं उसका विशाल एवं भयंकर मधुवन नामक वन था, जो बड़े-बड़े वृक्षोंसे हरा-भरा रहता था। पूर्वकालमें वह दानव उस मधुवनमें ही निवास करता था स॒हैवतगर्णाँछ्चोकानुद्वासयति दर्पितः राज्यं शासति धर्मज्ञे राक्षसानां भयावहे। नच सामन्तमिच्छन्ति राजानो बलदर्पितम्

English

¹⁴⁷ This is the mythological account of the solar eclipse.

हिन्दी अर्थ

राज्ञा राज्यब्रतस्थेन प्रजानां हितकाम्यया। जेतव्या रिपव: सर्वे स्फीत॑ विषयमिच्छता अभिषेकार्द्रकेशेन राज्ञा रझ्ननकाम्यया। जेतव्यानीनि्रियाण्यादी तज्जये हि ध्रुवो जय: सम्यग् वर्तितुकामस्य विशेषेण महीपते:। नयानामुपदेशेन नास्ति लोकसमो गुरु: व्यसनेषु जघन्यस्य धर्ममध्यस्थ धीमत:। बलज्येष्टस्य नृपतेर्नास्ति सामन्तजं भयम्

English

¹⁴⁷ This is the mythological account of the solar eclipse.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जागर्ति च यथा देव: सदा सत्स्वितरेषु च कृत॑ दूतेन यत् कार्य गच्छ त्वं दूत मा चिरम्। नात्मएलाधिषु नीचेषु प्रहरन्तीह मद्विधा: तस्य हैत्यस्य दुर्बुद्धेमृधे प्रतिकरिष्यति “तुम बनवासमें प्रवृत्त हुए थे। वनवासी मुनियोंके नियमोंका पालन करनेमें ही तुम्हारी शोभा थी। फिर भी तुमने जो राक्षसोंकी सेनापर प्रहार किया, ऐसा बर्ताव कभी किन्हीं सत्पुरुषोंने किया हो--यह कभी नहीं देखा

English

¹⁴⁷ This is the mythological account of the solar eclipse.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततो दूतस्य वचनात् स हैत्य: क्रोधमूर्च्छित: । पृष्ठ तस्तद् बन॑ कृत्वा युद्धायाभिमुख: स्थित: ततः स शूलरहितः पर्यहीयत दानवः स गहीत्वाब्डुशं चैव देवैर्दत्तवरं रणे। कर्षणं सर्वभूतानां लवणो विररास ह शिरोधरायां जग्राह 35 झोन चकर्ष ह। प्रवेशयितुमारब्धो राघवानुजम्

English

¹⁴⁷ This is the mythological account of the solar eclipse.